Echinoderms: Durham: Proceedings of the 12th International Echinoderm Conference, 7-11 August 2006, Durham, New Hampshire, U.S.A.

Echinodermata have a rich fossil record, play major ecological roles in marine benthic communities from the intertidal to the deep sea, have economic importance in fisheries and aquaculture, show unique biological characteristics and have become important models in biomedical research. These proceedings of the 12th International Echinoderm Conference (Durham, New Hampshire, USA, 7-11 August 2006) includes recent advances made in research of echinoderms, and is organized into six sections: - Paleontology - Systematics and Morphology - Physiology and Nutrition - Development, Molecular and Genetics - Fisheries and Aquaculture - Ecology and Environmental Studies The book is of interest to academics and students interested in echinoderm biology and palaeontology.

Table of Contents:
Paleontology Echinoderm evolution since 1972 and since the cambrian: Tales from a dozen IECs B. David, B. Lefebvre & R. Mooi Almost within grasp: Crinoid organs rendered 3-dimensionally B. Aschauer, T. Heinzeller & P. Weinert Bdellacoma in the Hunsrück Slate (Lower Devonian): Reidentification of Urasterella verruculosa (Asteroidea, Bdellacomidae) F.H.C. Hotchkiss & A. Glass Preliminary report on new echinoderm Lagerstätten from the Upper Ordovician of the eastern Anti-Atlas, Morocco A.W. Hunter, B. Lefebvre, E. Nardin, P. Van Roy, S. Zamora & S. Régnault Paleoenvironment of fossil ophiuroids in Plio-Pleistocene Hijikata Formation in Shizuoka Prefecture, Central Japan Y. Ishida, K. Seto, T. Fujita & T. Sakae New Ordovician mitrates (Echinodermata, Stylophora) from the Ancenis Basin (South Armorican Domain, France): Palaeogeographic and palaeoenvironmental implications B. Lefebvre, S. Régnault, H. Lardeux, J.P. Kundura & P. Roussel Reappraisal of ambulacral branching patterns in blastozoans E. Nardin, B. David, B. Lefebvre & R. Mooi Evolution and diversification of ophiocistioids (Echinodermata: Echinozoa) M. Reich The early evolution and diversification of holothurians (Echinozoa) M. Reich The `Swabian Caput Medusae’ (Jurassic Crinoidea, Germany) M. Reich Cyclocystoids (Echinodermata: Echinozoa) from the Silurian of Gotland, Sweden M. Reich & M. Kutscher Epibionts on Late Carboniferous through Early Permian echinoid spines from Texas, USA C.L. Schneider Echinoderm remains in the offerings of the great temple of the Aztecs F.A. Solís-Marín, A. Laguarda-Figueras, A.M. Melo, E.V.C. Martínez, A.V. Castro, J.A.B. Rivera, E.M. Tísoc, F.V. Gutierrez & N.V. Maldonado Abstracts A crinoid – starfish assemblage from the upper Silurian of Gotland C. Franzen Phylogeny of Lower Palaeozoic asterozoans using skeletal homologies derived from the Extraxial-Axial Theory A.W. Hunter, B. David & R. Mooi Notes on mid- and late Cretaceous ophiuroids from Shikoku, Southwest Japan Y. Ishida, J.W.M. Jagt, I. Mizuno, M. Fukutomi & T. Yasui Food composition of crinoids in relation to stalk length and fan density: Their paleoecological implications K. Kitazawa, T. Oji & M. Sunamura Biomarkers in colored crinoids of Indiana (Borden Group, Mississippian) C.E. O’Malley, W.I. Ausich & Y. Chin Development and functional morphology of sutural pores in and middle cambrian gogiid eocrinoids from Guizhou Province, China R.L. Parsley Evolution of echinoids in the Triassic and early Jurassic: Just how biased is the fossil record? A.B. Smith A model for elemental homology for the peristome and ambulacra in blastozoan echinoderms C.D. Sumrall New ophiuroids from the Pliensbachian of the French Ardennes: A preliminary report B. Thuy A Mesozoic historyofthe ophiuroids L. Villier & J. Millet Systematics and Morphology Speciation in sea urchins H.A. Lessios Isla del Coco (Costa Rica) Echinoderms: State of knowledge J.J. Alvarado Tubes, sacs, cones, pyramids, and proboscises: Toward a homology-based understanding and terminology for plated, erect hindgut structures among the Crinoidea W.I. Ausich & T.W. Kammer Relationship between the preservation of spatangoid spines and water temperature T. Banno, T. Kamiya & K. Kanazawa Crown-group asteroid phylogeny: An enduring quandary D.B. Blake Species of the complex Amphipholis squamata (Ophiuroidae) from Marseilles E. Boissin, A. Chenuil & J.-P. Féral On two new records of Family Brisingidae (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) from the Brazilian continental margin L.S. Campos, R.B. Moura, P.F. Alcântara, R.F. Vasconcelos, M.P. Curbelo-Fernandez, I. Veríssimo & G.H. Cavalcanti ROV imaging of deep-sea echinoderms from the Brazilian continental margin, Southwest Atlantic L.S. Campos, R.B. Moura, I. Veríssimo, M.P. Curbelo-Fernandez, G.H. Cavalcanti & A.C.S. Brasil Morphology of the juxtaligamental system in the ophiuroid Amphipholis kochii N.A. Charlina, V.S. Mashanov, I.Yu. Dolmatov & I.C. Wilkie Comparing substitution rates in spatangoid sea urchins with putatively different effective sizes, and other echinoderm datasets A. Chenuil, E. Egea, C. Rocher & J.-P. Féral Development and evolution of the muscle system in the Echinodermata I.Yu. Dolmatov Small-scale morphological differentiation in three brooding sea star species with limited dispersal D.W. Foltz & J.M. Flowers Southwest Atlantic deep-sea brittle stars (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) from Campos Basin, Brazil R. Frensel, C.A.M. Barboza, R.B. Moura & L.S. Campos The digestive system of the ophiuroid Amphipholis kochii: Morphology and regeneration L.T. Frolova & I.Yu. Dolmatov Phylogeography of Pisaster ochraceus Brant, 1835 (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) S.C. Frontana-Uribe, J. de la Rosa-Vélez, L. Enríquez-Paredes & L.B. Ladah Ophiacanthidae (Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea) collected from the Sagami Sea, Central Japan: A preliminary report T. Fujita, Y. Ishida & S. Irimura Organs of the axial hemal complex in crinoids – structure and occurrence T. Heinzeller, U. Welsch & N. Améziane The establishment of a neotype for Luidia clathrata (Say, 1825) and a new species within the genus Luidia (Asteroidea: Paxillosida: Luidiidae) T.S. Hopkins & K.E. Knott Morphological dimensional differences between Encope emarginata (Leske) from the Western Caribbean (Colombia and Panama) and Encope emarginata? From two previously studied sites on the Southwest Atlantic Brazilian coast B.R. Kuhajda & T.S. Hopkins Scaling of Aristotle’s lantern in sea urchins Lytechinus and Tripneustes J.M. Lawrence, C.M. Pomory, J. Sonnenholzner, Y. Hiratsuka & L. Molina Fine structure of the Polian vesicle in the holothurians Eupentacta fraudatrix and Cucumaria japonica V.S. Mashanov, I.Yu. Dolmatov & E.S. Zvereva Revision of genera Cassidulus and Rhyncholampas A. Martínez-Melo & F.A. Solís-Marín Structure of the arm-spine articulation ridges as a basis for taxonomy of Ophiuroidea (a preliminary report) A.V. Martynov Colour patterns of Pentaster obtusatus, St. Vincent, 1827 (Oreasteridae, Asteroidea, Echinodermata) H. Moosleitner Synallactidae (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from Campos Basin, Southwest Atlantic R.B. Moura, L.S. Campos, M.P. Curbelo-Fernandez & G.H. Cavalcanti On the Holothuroidea from the collection of Echinodermata, Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil R.B. Moura, D.S. Rodrigues, A.L.P.S. Carvalho & L.S. Campos Creation on-line illustration keys of polar brittlestars with help WebKey-X system I.S. Smirnov, A.L. Lobanov, A.G. Kirejtshuk & A.T. Vakhitov Echinoderm fauna of anchialine caves in Cozumel Island, Mexico F.A. Solís-Marín, A. Laguarda-Figueras, F.V. Gutierrez, L. Mejía & G. Yáñez Bridges between radial wedges (septs) in two diadematid spine types S.R. Stock, F. De Carlo, X. Xiao & T.A. Ebert A model for elemental homology for the peristome and ambulacra in blastozoan echinoderms C.D. Sumrall Sexual dimorphism in genital papillae of Tripneustes ventricosus R.L. Turner, M.L. Lyon & D.J. Carroll On the collection of Asteroidea from the Institute of Biology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil R.F. Vasconcelos, L.S. Campos, A.L.P.S. Carvalho & R.B. Moura Morphological variation among seven populations of the sand dollar Encope emarginata (Leske) from the southern to northeastern coast of Brazil C.R.R. Ventura, E.S. Martins & P.C. Paiva Plate construction of the spatangoid test T. Yamaguchi & K. Kanazawa Modeling echinoid skeletal growth: A first principles approach L.G. Zachos Sea urchin (Echinoidea) anatomy revealed by magnetic resonance imaging and 3D visualization A. Ziegler, T. Bartolomaeus & S. Mueller Abstracts Echinoderms from Puerto Rico Island: Inventory from shallow water species M. Benavides-Serrato & M.A. Lozano The relationship between the shape and distribution of dermal ossicles with habitat selection in some species of Holothuroidea A.D. Brites, V.F. Hadel & C.G. Tiago The two Phyllophorus species described by Ancona Lopez (1962): A review A.D. Brites, M.M. Nomura, V.F. Hadel & C.G. Tiago Comparing DNA sequence evolution in spatangoid sea urchins: How to interpret variation of substitution rates and variation intree shape among families? A. Chenuil, C. Rocher, E. Egea, B. David & J.-P. Féral A surprising species diversity in West Coast Henricia (Asteroidea: Spinulosida) D.J. Eernisse & M.F. Strathmann Combined mitochondrial and nuclear sequences support the monophyly of forcipulatacean sea stars D.W. Foltz, M.T. Bolton, S.P. Kelley, B.D. Kelley & A.T. Nguyen A new phylogeny for the neoasteroidea (post Paleozoic asteroids) based on skeletal morphology; Implications for classification of the group A. Gale Origin of the deep sea asteroid family Pterasteridae: The case of an early Jurassic “missing link” A. Gale Change of dermal ossicles during growth in some sea cucumbers of the genus Holothuria from the Colombian Caribbean Sea and Pacific Ocean E.O. Gomez, G.H.B. Pérez & S. Zea A study of the morphology, fine structures, and histochemistry of attachment organs of the brachiolaria larvae of Archaster typicus Müller et Troschel (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) H. Hatoyama, N. Murabe, Y. Nakajima & M. Komatsu Ultrastructure of the cystidean larva of Antedon bifida (Crinoida) S. Hoffmann & T. Bartolomaeus Phylogeography of Astrotoma agassizii from South American and Antarctic waters using mtDNA R.B. Hunter & K.M. Halanych Two morphological forms of a common shallow-water Indo-West Pacific ophiuroid Ophiarachnella gorgonia: Observations on external and internal ossicles S. Irimura & T. Fujita New molecular and developmental data on Xyloplax clarifies echinoderm phylogeny and the evolution of larval types D.A. Janies, J.R. Voight & M. Daly Sibling sea urchins species in Hawaii: Investigating mechanisms of divergence in the genus Echinothrix H. Jessop Multi-gene phylogeny of aspidochirote holothuroids A.M. Kerr, R.M. Clouse, P.M. O’Loughlin, T.D. O’Hara & D.A. Janies Deep sea echinoderms from the continental slope of British Columbia, Canada P. Lambert Evidence for cospeciations in the host-symbiont system involving crinoids (Echinodermata) and myzostomids (Myzostomida) D. Lanterbecq, G. Rouse & I. Eeckhaut Evolutionary responses to environmental heterogeneity in Central American echinoid larvae J.S. McAlister Hierarchical construction of motor organs as a mechanism for behavioral flexibility in the starfish Asterina pectinifera M. Migita Delimiting species of crinoids: Comparing new mtDNA phylogenies with current species designations and reevaluating overlapping morphological characters C.L. Owen, C.G. Messing, G. Rouse & M. Shivji Echinoderms of the Gulf of Mexico D.L. Pawson & D.J. Vance Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) mapping of plate constituents in Lytechinus variegatus teeth J.S. Robach, S.R. Stock & A. Veis Phylogeny of extant crinoidea based on mitochondrial and nuclear gene sequences G.W. Rouse, L.S. Jermiin & C.G. Messing Echinoid systematics on the web: An open community project A.B. Smith & R. Sang A new record of Aquilonastra iranica (Mortensen, 1940) (Asteroidea: Echinodermata) from the Boluchistan coast, Pakistan Q. Tahera Status of our knowledge of the South African holothuroid echinoderms A.S. Thandar A global partnership to standardize holothuroid systematics The Aspidochirote Working Group Brazilian echinoderm Red List C.R.R. Ventura, C.G. Tiago & V.F. Hadel Stereom microstructure of the spatangoid test T. Yamaguchi & K. Kanazawa The axial complex in Echinoidea – A comparative histological and ultrastructural analysis A. Ziegler & T. Bartolomaeus Parallel evolution in sea stars? Global phylogeography and evolutionary history of the genus Astropecten D. Zulliger Physiology and Nutrition Approaches to the study of sea urchin nutrition S.A. Watts, J.M. Lawrence & A.L. Lawrence Neuropeptide-amidating activity in the radial nerve cord of Asterias rubens P. Bailly, P. Becker & P. Flammang Bioluminescence as a functional marker of brachial regeneration in Amphiura filiformis (O.F. Muller, 1776) [Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea] S. Delval & J. Mallefet Proximal to distal gradient of luminescence in the arm of Amphiura filiformis (Echinodermata-Ophiuroidea) S. Delval & J. Mallefet Markers for immunity deficiency in lead-treated holothurians L.S. Dolmatova & I.Yu. Dolmatov The digestive system of the ophiuroid Amphipholis kochii: Morphology and regeneration L.T. Frolova & I.Yu. Dolmatov Effects of dietary phospholipids and cholesterol on growth and organ production in the sea urchin, Lytechinus variegatus V.K. Gibbs, M.L. Powell, H.S. Hammer, W.T. Jones, S.A. Watts, A.L. Lawrence & J.M. Lawrence Effect of dietary menhaden oil and soy oil on consumption, somatic growth and gonad production in the sea urchin, Lytechinus variegatus H.S. Hammer, M.L. Powell, V.K. Gibbs, W.T. Jones, S.A. Watts, A.L. Lawrence, J.M. Lawrence & L.R. D’Abramo Evaluation of the effect of dietary zinc, iron and manganese supplementation on growth and survival of the sea urchin, Lytechinus variegatus W.T. Jones, M.L. Powell, V.K. Gibbs, H.S. Hammer, S.A. Watts, A.L. Lawrence & J.M. Lawrence Effect of dietary calcium, magnesium and phosphorus on growth of the sea urchin Lytechinus variegatus M.L. Powell, W.T. Jones, V.K. Gibbs, H.S. Hammer, S.A. Watts, J.M. Lawrence & A.L. Lawrence The importance of dietary beta-carotene for somatic growth of juvenile green sea urchins (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) S.M.C. Robinson, J.D. Castell, C.M. Walbourne & C.M. Pearce Effects of seasonal variation in water and air temperature on the righting response of Leptasterias spp. from the west coast of North America W.B. Stickle & S.D. Rice Food sources of the coral reef ophiuroid Ophiocoma scolopendrina Y. Tamura & M. Tsuchiya How do brittle stars control their light emission? C. Vanderlinden, Ph. Gailly & J. Mallefet Abstracts Detection of waterborne cues from the predatory sea star Luidia clathrata (Say) on conspecifics by the brittle star Ophiolepis elegans (Lutken) [Echinodermata: Ophiuroidea] C. Ansell & S. Stancyk UV-absorbing compounds (MAAs) in eggs of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus: Comparison of populations in Mediterranean habitats dominated by the invasive green alga Caulerpa taxifolia andinnative algal habitats I. Bosch, M. Chiantore, R. Cattaneo-Vietti & D. Karentz Effect of densities of sea cucumber, Holothuria atra, on chlorophyll concentrations in sediments S. Chavanich, V. Viyakarn, E. Heery & C. Raksataub Feeding rate and absorption efficiency of four species of sea urchins (Genus Echinometra) fed a prepared diet Y. Hiratsuka & T. Uehara Development and significance of semi-purified and purified feeds (diets) for sea urchins A.L. Lawrence, J.M. Lawrence, S.A. Watts, M.L. Powell, W.T. Jones, H.S. Hammer & V.K. Gibbs The effect of diet type on growth and fatty-acid composition of sea urchin larvae, Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816) (Echinodermata) H. Liu, M.S. Kelly, E.J. Cook & H. Orr Effect of dietary-history on feeding rate and food preference in the green sea urchin Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis D.A. Lyons & R.E. Scheibling Study of Ophionereis fasciata bioluminescence control J. Mallefet, M. Vanhemelen & C. Vanderlinden Quantification of phenolic contents and antioxidant capacity of Atlantic sea cucumber, Cucumaria frondosa J. Mamelona, E. Pelletier, K. Girard-Lalancette, J. Legault, S. Karboune & S. Kermasha Development of the nervous system in the holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix V.S. Mashanov, O.R. Zueva, T. Heinzeller & B. Aschauer The biochemical composition, energy content, and chemical antifeedant defenses of the common Antarctic Peninsular sea stars Granaster nutrix and Neosmilaster georgianus J.B. McClintock, M.O. Amsler, C.D. Amsler & B.J. Baker Proteins that increase stiffness of the holothurian dermis T. Motokawa, M. Tamori & A. Yamada Diel cycles of activity, metabolism, and nutrient production in tropical sea cucumbers J.R. Nestler, R.J. Wheeling & E.A. Verde Extraction and characterisation of steroidal glycosides from sea star Leptasterias polaris E. Pelletier, M-A. Dion, R. St-Louis, J. Legault & A. Pichette Agents extracted from the body wall of the sea cucumber, Cucumaria frondosa, affect mutability in the tissues of other echinoderms as well G.K. Szulgit, N.M. Abraham, A.J. Brenneman, J.E. Collins, M.E. Crum, K.M. Davidson, G.M. Dottle, T.J. Guiher, E.R. Khalil, S.A. Latosky, J.M. Moore, K.E Ottey, B.M. Shelton, K.J. Wardell & S.J. Wolfe Sediment utilization and feeding-niche breadth of Meoma ventricosa grandis Lamarck, 1816 (Echinodermata: Brissidae) at Boca Chica Channel, Acapulco, Guerrero, Mexico M.A. Torres-Martínez & F.A. Solís-Marín Isolation of an autotomy-promoting factor from a Japanese sea star Asterias amurensis K. Ukai, T. Nakazawa & M. Namikoshi Development The role of the major yolk protein in sea urchin reproduction and its relevance to aquaculture T. Unuma & C.W. Walker Comparison of the reproductive features of two asteroid species: Henricia abyssicola and Styracaster elongatus from the bathyal and abyssal N.E. Atlantic Ocean F. Benítez-Villalobos, J.P. Díaz-Martínez & P.A. Tyler The effect of temperature on early embryonic development in Lytechinus variegatus embryos from adults with different thermal histories A.W. Cunningham & S.A. Watts Studies on function of the MC5 molecule that is a novel membrane-type metalloproteinase of astacin family during morphogenesis of the starfish, Asterina pectinifera G. Hamanaka, M. Matsumoto, M. Hoshi & H. Kaneko Competent larva in the starfish, Asterina pectinifera shifts from larval growth to juvenile formation by using environmental cue(s) N. Murabe, H. Kaneko & Y. Nakajima Sexual reproduction of the small fissiparous seastar Aquilonastra conandae (Asteroidea: Asterinidae) in La Réunion Island S. Ooka, M. Takeda, M. Komatsu & C. Conand Genetic contribution of sexual and asexual reproduction to the recruitment of a sexually unbalanced population of Coscinasterias tenuispina (Echinodermata: Asteroidea) in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil C.E.M. Pazoto, C.R.R. Ventura & E.P. Silva Development of the fissiparous and multiarmed seastar, Coscinasterias acutispina (Stimpson) D.Shibata, Y. Moriyama, M. Komatsu & Y. Hirano Reproductive cycle of Holothuria (Selenkothuria) lubrica Selenka, 1867 (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) in Bahía de La Paz, México J.S. López, D.H. Pérezrul, H.R. Bonilla, F.G. Domínguez & J.T. Morales Sexual dimorphism in genital papillae of Tripneustes ventricosus R.L. Turner, M.L. Lyon & D.J. Carroll Abstracts Uncommon diversity in development mode and larval form in the ophiuroid genus Macrophiothrix J.D. Allen & R.D. Podolsky Larval serotonergic nervous system in Chiridota gigas (Holothuroidea: Apodida): Juvenile fate and inferences on the evolution and ambulacrarian larvae M. Byrne, M.A. Sewell, P. Selvakumaraswamy & T.A.A. Prowse Reproductive cycle of the sea urchin Diadema aff. antillarum in two contrasting habitats of the Canary Islands S. Clemente, J.C. Hernández & A. Brito Comparison of the reproductive features of two asteroid species: Henricia abyssicola and Styracaster elongatus from the bathyal and abyssal N.E. Atlantic Ocean J.P. Díaz-Martínez, F. Benítez-Villalobos & P.A. Tyler Muscle development in the echinoid Aristotle’s lantern I.Yu. Dolmatov, V.S. Mashanov & O.R. Zueva The brittlestar Amphiura filiformis as a model species to study cellular and molecular basis of development and regeneration S. Dupont & M.C. Thorndyke Stem cells of holothuroid coelomocytes M.G. Eliseikina, T.Yu. Magarlamov & I.Yu. Dolmatov Are all brittle star eggs created equal? I. Falkner, M. Byrne & M.A. Sewell Sexual cycle and brooding in Abatus cavernosus (Echinoidea: Spatangoidea) D.G. Gil, J. Tolosano & H.E. Zaixso Gonadal morphology and oogenic stages of Cucumaria frondosa from the Barents Sea: Comparative aspect E.Gudimova Evidence of aberrant oogenes is in a temperate holothurian J-F. Hamel, P. Becker, I. Eeckhaut & A. Mercier Effects of seasonality and environmental variables on the reproduction, settlement and recruitment of the sea urchin Diadema aff. antillarum at the Canary Islands J.C. Hernández, S. Clemente & A. Brito Brooding and development of the ophiuroid, Stegophiura vivipara U. Iwasaki, T. Ishimaru & T. Fujita Is there an oxygen-limited lag phase in early growth in sea urchins, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis? A.S. Johnson, O. Ellers, M. Wright, R. Selden & B. Stranges To split or not to split? Asexual reproduction and population density of aspidochirotid holothuroids at One Tree Island, Great Barrier Reef J. Lee, S. Uthicke & M. Byrne Use of fluorochromes as markers for tracking larval dispersal in the lecithotrophic sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma L. Lyall & C.R. Johnson Early development of the Atlantic starfish Echinaster (Othilia) guyanensis from Brazil A. Magesky & C.R.R. Ventura Long-term study of gamete release in a broadcast-spawning holothurian: Predictable lunar and diel periodicities A. Mercier, R.H.Ycaza & J-F. Hamel The frequency of the maturational stages and the content of pulcherrimine in ovaries of sea urchin Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus distributed in northeast area of Japan Y. Murata, K. Saito, S-K. Kim, R. Kuwahara, J. Marunouchi & T. Takeuchi Spawning behavior and development of Bohadschia marmorata var. marmorata (Holothuroidea: Aspidochirotida) M.F.J. Nievales & M.A.J. Menez Reproduction and larval development of the hermaphroditic feather star, Antedonidae sp M. Obuchi, Y. Fujita, Y. Nakano, T. Uehara & T. Motokawa Effects of temperature on gamete aging, embryonic and early larval development of the sea urchin Echinometra mathaei in the Okinawa Island, Japan Md.S. Rahman & T. Uehara Biochemical changes during the reproductive cycle of the fissiparous starfish Allostichaster capensis in Golfo Nuevo (Northern Patagonia, Argentina) T. Rubilar, M.E. Diaz de Vivar & C.T. Pastor de Ward Regeneration rate after fission in the fissiparous starfish Allostichaster capensis in Golfo Nuevo (Northern Patagonia, Argentina) T. Rubilar & C.T. Pastor de Ward Understanding the developmental mechanisms underlying the evolution of larval forms: Experimental evidence from echinoderms M. Snoke & R. Raff Developmental observations of larvae and gene analysis of juveniles cross-fertilized between two congeneric sea-stars with different modes of development K. Wakabayashi, T. Takegami, M. Murakami, I. Hori & M. Komatsu Molecular Biology and Genetics Molecular markers of oocyte and primordial germ cell development in the sea urchin G.M. Wessel, C.E. Juliano, J.L. Wong, E.A. Gustafson & J.L. Song Site-directed mutagenesis study of starfish phospholipase A2 T. Abe, H. Kishimura & H. Saeki Polar-group specificity of G54K mutant of the starfish phospholipase A2 H. Kishimura, R. Sawada & H. Saeki Application of proteomics to the study of gonad development in sea urchins M.A. Sewell & S.D.H. Bishop Isolation of an autotomy-promoting factor from a Japanese sea star Asterias amurensis K. Ukai, T. Nakazawa & M. Namikoshi Abstracts Surprises from the purple sea urchin genome R.A. Cameron & E.H. Davidson Genetic connectivity of ophiuroids on North Atlantic seamounts W. Cho & T.M. Shank The nucleic acid and amino acid sequences of the Fraction 1 hemoglobin of the brittle star Hemipholis elongata Say A.B. Christensen & E.F. Christensen Ophiocomid relationships revealed by molecules P. Cisternas & T.D. O’Hara Sea star intron sequences evolve at approximately 1/3 the rate of non-coding mitochondrial sequences D.W. Foltz, A.T. Nguyen & J.R. Kiger The nervous system component within the connective tissue of holothurians J.E. García-Arrarás, C. Díaz-Balzac, G. Santacana-Laffitte, J.S. Miguel-Ruíz, G. Valentín-Tirado, M. Rives-Sánchez, A. Mesleh & I.I. Torres Are molecular markers a way to manage the Crown-of-Thorns-Starfish (Acanthaster planci) in Mayotte (West Indian Ocean)? K. Gerard, B.A.. Thomassin, A. Chenuil & J-P. Feral To search the origin on neural tube: Gene expression analysis of ciliary band in sea urchin embryo S. Kinjo, K. Ikeo & T. Gojobori Evolution and development of a larval organ A.L. McElhinney & R.A. Raff Binding of zinc to the major yolk protein in the sea urchin, Pseudocentrotus depressus T. Unuma, K. Ikeda, K. Yamano, A. Moriyama & H. Ohta Fisheries and Aquaculture The history of the Chilean urchin fishery: Chronicle of an announced death? W.B. Stotz Protozoan disease in larval culture of the edible sea cucumber Isostichopus fuscus P. Becker, I. Eeckhaut, R.H. Ycaza, A. Mercier & J.-F. Hamel The sea cucumber resources and fisheries management in the Western Indian Ocean: Current status and preliminary results from a WIOMSA regional research project C. Conand & N. Muthiga Abstracts Microbiological study of the body wall lesions of the edible echinoid Tripneustes gratilla P. Becker, D. Gillian & I. Eeckhaut Production of triploids for green sea urchin aquaculture S.A. Böttger, C.C. Eno & C.W. Walker The effects of juvenile diet on gonadal growth (or roe production) of the green sea urchin, Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis M.G. Devin, S.A. Böttger, H.D. Stence, C.W. Walker & R.J. Peacock The effects of diet on growth of the green sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis) from the early- to late-juvenile stages M.G. Devin, H.D. Stence & R.J. Peacock Temperature determines size and time-to-size in urchins: Calibration of size-temperature effectsinmarine ectotherms O. Ellers & A.S. 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