From Galaxy Boundaries to Quantum Entanglement.: Discovering everyday multiverse among insights, paradoxes and mysteries of the new physics(Quantum Physics and Metaphysics. Texts by Bruno del Medico in English. (Ing))

Every day we perceive the world with our senses. We see objects, hear sounds, touch surfaces. It all seems so immediate and "concrete"! But is this really the reality? Or are we simply navigating a small portion of a universe made up of multiple levels, visible and invisible? Modern and ancient knowledge, physical and metaphysical, invites us to ponder this eternal question. Our daily experience often limits our understanding. We are used to recognizing the world only through what we can see, touch or measure. However, beneath the surface of this "normal" perception, many other realities coexist. Physical realities, which elude our senses, coexist with metaphysical dimensions, laden with meaning and mystery. Think of the macrocosm and the microcosm: two extremes in which our everyday life dissolves into almost incomprehensible scales of magnitude. In the physical realm, the universe is revealed in layered levels of reality. At the cosmic level, we can only sense the immensity. The part we can "see" represents just 5 percent of the entire known universe. On the macroscopic level, what we perceive, our reality seems concrete. However, even a simple object, such as a chair, hides a very different truth. On a subatomic scale, we face a universe of particles that follow counterintuitive physical laws. Quantum entanglement experiments show how, at the subatomic level, two particles can be connected instantaneously over great distances as if they ignore the concept of space and time. Albert Einstein and Niels Bohr, were the first to shake the foundations of our idea of reality, trying to answer the famous question, "Does the moon exist when no one is looking?" Alongside the physical levels, the enigma of the metaphysical extends. Metaphysics investigates what is not immediately perceptible, questioning the very essence of being. The ancient Greeks, like Plato, imagined a world of "ideas," perfect and unchanging, to which the material world was only a weak copy. We all remember the allegory of the cave: chained men glimpsed only shadows on the walls, never seeing the direct light of the true Sun. We also find related concepts in Eastern philosophies. The "veil of Māyā" of the Indian tradition describes the phenomenal world as an illusion that veils the true essence of reality. Religions, mysticism and spirituality, on the other hand, interpret this invisible dimension as a place where the soul or "self" connects with the transcendent. But how can we distinguish what is physical from what is metaphysical? This question brings us to one of the most profound questions in the history of philosophy: what is reality? Ancient Greek thinkers, such as Aristotle, tried to divide the world into substance and accident. Substance is what exists in itself; accident is what exists in relation to something else. Their investigations laid the foundation for millennia of speculation. Today scientists, like philosophers, continue to question. Modern physics, for example, has combined classical ontology with cognitive relativism. According to Werner Heisenberg, father of the uncertainty principle, observation itself modifies the observed object. In other words, we can never know reality in a "pure" way. What we perceive is always a reflection of our involvement in the cognitive process. We are limited, then, by our bodies, our senses, our language. Yet, the desire to know what is real pushes us beyond all difficulties into the territories of knowledge.