Inkjet-based Micromanufacturing: (Advanced Micro and Nanosystems)

Inkjet-based Micromanufacturing Inkjet technology goes way beyond putting ink on paper: it enables simpler, faster and more reliable manufacturing processes in the fields of micro- and nanotechnology. Modern inkjet heads are per se precision instruments that deposit droplets of fluids on a variety of surfaces in programmable, repeating patterns, allowing, after suitable modifications and adaptations, the manufacturing of devices such as thin-film transistors, polymer-based displays and photovoltaic elements. Moreover, inkjet technology facilitates the large-scale production of flexible RFID transponders needed, eg, for automated logistics and miniaturized sensors for applications in health surveillance. The book gives an introduction to inkjet-based micromanufacturing, followed by an overview of the underlying theories and models, which provides the basis for a full understanding and a successful usage of inkjet-based methods in current microsystems research and development

Overview of Inkjet-based Micromanufacturing:
Thermal Inkjet
Theory and Modeling
Post-Printing Processes for Inorganic Inks for Plastic Electronics
Applications
Inkjet Ink Formulations
Inkjet Fabrication of Printed Circuit Boards
Antennas for Radio Frequency Identification Tags
Inkjet Printing for MEMS

Table of Contents:
OVERVIEW OF INKJET-BASED MICROMANUFACTURING
Introduction
Inkjet Technology
Fluid Requirements
Pattern Formation: Fluid/Substrate Interaction
Micromanufacturing
Examples of Inkjet in Micromanufacturing
Conclusions

COMBINATORIAL SCREENING OF MATERIALS USING INKJET PRINTING AS A PATTERNING TECHNIQUE
Introduction
Inkjet Printing - from Well-Defined Dots to Homogeneous Films
Thin-Film Libraries Prepared by Inkjet Printing
Combinatorial Screening of Materials for Organic Solar Cells
Conclusion and Outlook

THERMAL INKJET
History of Thermal Inkjet Technology
Market Trends for Inkjet Products and Electrophotography
Structures of Various TIJ Heads
Research on Rapid Boiling and Principle of TIJ
Inkjetting Mechanism of TIJ
Basic Jetting Behavior of TIJ
TIJ Behavior Analysis Using Simulation
Issues with Reliability in TIJ
Present and Future Evolution in TIJ Technology

HIGH-RESOLUTION ELECTROHYDRODYNAMIC INKJET
Introduction
Printing System
Control of Jet Motions
Drop-on-Demand Mode Printing
Versatility of Printable Materials and Resolutions
Applications in Electronics and Biotechnology
High-Resolution Printing of Charge

CROSS TALK IN PIEZO INKJET
Introduction
Electrical Cross Talk
Direct Cross Talk
Pressure-Induced Cross Talk
Acoustic Cross Talk
Printhead Resonance
Residual Vibrations

PATTERNING
Introduction
Conclusion

DRYING OF INKJET-PRINTED DROPLETS
Introduction
Modeling of Drying of a Droplet
Results

POSTPRINTING PROCESSES FOR INORGANIC INKS FOR PLASTIC ELECTRONICS APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Inkjet Printing and Postprinting Processes of Metallic Inks
Conclusions and Outlook

VISION MONITORING
Introduction
Measurement Setup
Image Processing
Jetting Speed Measurement
Head Normalization and Condition Monitoring
Meniscus Motion Measurement and Its Application

ACOUSTIC MONITORING
Introduction
Self-Sensing
Measuring Principle
Drop Formation, Refill, and Wetting
Dirt
Air Bubbles
Printhead Control

EQUALIZATION OF JETTING PERFORMANCE
Equalization of the Droplet Volume on the Fly
Droplet Volume Equalization with Sessile Droplets

INKJET INK FORMULATIONS
Introduction
Ink Formulation
Ink Parameters and Additives
Jetting Performance
Ink Interaction with Substrates
Nongraphic Applications
Conclusions

ISSUES IN COLOR FILTER FABRICATION WITH INKJET PRINTING
Introduction
Background
Comparison of Printing Technologies
Printing Swathe due to Droplet Volume Variation
Subpixel Filling with a Designed Surface Energy Condition
Other Technical Issues
Conclusion

APPLICATION OF INKJET PRINTING IN HIGH-DENSITY PIXELATED RGB QUANTUM DOT-HYBRID LEDS
Introduction
Background
Experimental Procedure and Results
Inkjet-Printed, High-Density RGB Pixel Matrix
Conclusion

INKJET PRINTING OF METAL OXIDE THIN-FILM TRANSISTORS
Introduction
Materials for Metal Oxide Semiconductors
Inkjet Printing Issues
Solution-to-Solid Conversion by Annealing
All-Oxide Invisible Transistors
Summary

INKJET FABRICATION OF PRINTED CIRCUIT BOARDS
Introduction
Traditional Printed Circuit Board Processes
Challenges for Inkjet in Printed Circuit Boards
Legend-Marking Processes
Innerlayer Copper Circuit Patterning
Copper Plating Resist
Waste Reduction Using Inkjet Printing
Solder Mask Printing
Metallic Inks
Theoretical Printing Example for PCB Manufacturing
Digital Printing Alternatives to Inkjet Fabrication
Future Applications for Inkjet in Printed Circuit Boards

PHOTOVOLTAICS
Introduction
Device Structures
Small- and Large-Area Printing for Photovoltaics
Commercial Inkjet for Photovoltaics
Summary and Perspective

INKJET PRINTED ELECTROCHEMICAL SENSORS
Introduction
Printed Sensor Manufacturing
Inkjet Printing of Sensor Components
Inkjet-Printed Sensor Applications
Future Commercial Projection

ANTENNAS FOR RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION TAGS
Introduction
Printed Antennas
Summary of Status and Outlook for Printed Antennas

INKJET PRINTING FOR MEMS
Introduction
Photolithography and Etching
Direct Materials Deposition
Optical MEMS
MEMS Packaging
Functionalization and Novel Applications
Conclusion

INKJET PRINTING OF INTERCONNECTS AND CONTACTS BASED ON INORGANIC NANOPARTICLES FOR PRINTED ELECTRONIC APPLICATIONS
Introduction
Inkjet Printing of Metallic Inks for Contacts and Interconnects
Inkjet Printing in High Resolution
Conclusions and Outlook



About the Author :
Jan G. Korvink holds a Chair for Microsystems Engineering at the University of Freiburg, Germany, where he also directs the Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies - FRIAS. He has co-authored more than 160 papers in scientific journals, as well as numerous conference papers, book chapters and a book on semiconductors for engineers. His research interests cover the modeling, simulation and low cost fabrication of MEMS/NEMS, and applications in magnetic resonance. In 2011 he received a European Research Council (ERC) Advanced Grant, the Red Dot Design Concept Award and the University of Freiburg Teaching Award.

Patrick J. Smith is a Lecturer in Manufacturing Technology for the University of Sheffield, UK. He has published over 40 journal and conference papers, and has 3 patents. His main research interests are concerned with reactive inkjet printing, controlled crystallisation using inkjet and additive manufacture.

Dong-Youn Shin is Assistant Professor at the Pukyong National University in Busan, South Korea. Before his appointment, he was research engineer at LG Chem Research Park and then senior research scientist in the division of nanomechanical systems at the Korean Institute of Machinery and Materials in South Korea. He holds 38 patents and over 70 conference and journal papers. His research interests lie in maskless lithography and fine pattern generation for displays and electronics with the piezo inkjet printing technology.