About the Book
Drought remains the biggest single threat from climate change to the production of key cereal crops, such as wheat and barley. Cereals also respond in complex ways to drought stress, making improved drought tolerance a challenging trait to achieve. With many cereals recognised as staple food crops due to their nutritional value, more research is required into improving drought tolerance as a means of ensuring the future food security of millions.
Developing drought-resistant cereals reviews the wealth of research which addresses how to overcome this challenge in order to mitigate climate change effects in cereal production. This collection details our understanding of the mechanisms of drought tolerance, as well as developments in techniques for improving resistance, including phenotyping, identifying genes relating to root and photosynthetic function and the use of genomic selection and genome editing.
Table of Contents:
Part 1 Understanding mechanisms of drought tolerance
1.What is ‘drought stress’ and what are options to increase crop yield?: Thomas R. Sinclair, North Carolina State University, USA; and Michel E. Ghanem, Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), France and Mohammed VI Polytechnic University, Morocco;
2.The role of plant hormones in adaptation to drought stress in cereals: Arnauld A. Thiry, Lancaster Environment Centre, UK; Matthew P. Reynolds, International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), Mexico; and William J. Davies and Ian C. Dodd, Lancaster Environment Centre, UK;
3.Genetics of drought tolerance in cereals: Ambra Viviani, Roberto Tuberosa and Marco Maccaferri, Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL) – University of Bologna, Italy;
4.The role of drought-induced proteins in regulating drought tolerance in cereals: Mitiku A. Mengistu and John C. Cushman, University of Nevada – Reno, USA;
Part 2 Techniques for improving resistance
5.Advances in phenotyping to identify drought-resistance traits in cereal roots: John (Jack) Christopher, University of Queensland QAAFI, Australia;
6.Identifying and exploiting genes controlling root system architecture for improving drought tolerance in cereals: Eric S. Ober and Anya Heathcote, NIAB, UK;
7.Identifying and exploiting photosynthetic genes in improving drought resistance in cereals: Weiguo Chen, Daizhen Sun and Runzhi Li, Shanxi Agricultural University, China; and Ruilian Jing, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, China;
8.Genomic selection, gene editing and genetic engineering for drought tolerance in cereals: Rodomiro Ortiz, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Sweden;
9.Identifying genes for yield-related traits under drought stress conditions in durum wheat: Ilaria Marcotuli and Agata Gadaleta, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Italy; Osvin Arriagada, Samantha Reveco and Andrés R. Schwember, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Chile; Marco Maccaferri, Matteo Campana and Roberto Tuberosa, University of Bologna, Italy; Christian Alfaro, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Chile; and Iván Matus, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Chile;
10.Developing corn hybrids with improved performance under water deficits: Elhan Ersoz, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and Umbrella Genetics, USA; and Robert J. Bensen, Umbrella Genetics, USA
About the Author :
Dr Roberto Tuberosa is Professor of Plant Biotechnology and Breeding in the Department of Agriculture and Food Science at the University of Bologna, Italy. Professor Tuberosa is internationally renowned for his genomic studies to dissect the genetic basis of drought resistance in cereals and how to leverage this knowledge toward the release of climate-resilient cultivars. He is on the editorial board of several leading journals, has been involved in many European and international research projects in cereal breeding, represents Europe in the International Crop Science Society (ICSS) and has published over 170 articles as well as edited a number of books. He has organised international congresses on genomics and breeding of cereals under drought conditions and is a member of the scientific board of the Wheat Initiative and of the PlantStress advisory board. Amongst other honours, Professor Tuberosa has been elected a Fellow of the Crop Society of America.
Bill Davies is Emeritus Distinguished Professor of Plant Biology at Lancaster University, UK. He has published more than 280 papers in the international literature. The Davies lab has won a ‘Queen’s Award for Innovation’ for work on sustainable resource use in agriculture. Recent work with CIMMYT has resulted in the development of new pre-breeding crop screening methods. Professor Davies is currently an Associate Editor of 'Food and Energy Security' and 'Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering'. He was awarded a CBE for his services for science in 2011. John C. Cushman is a Foundation Professor at the University of Nevada and Director of the Biochemistry Graduate Program in the Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology within the College of Agriculture, Biotechnology, and Natural Resources and the Nevada Agricultural Experiment Station. Professor Cushman's laboratory has used engineered tissue succulence and crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) to improve the water-use efficiency, salinity, and water-deficit stress tolerance in model plant species with the long-term goal of moving these water-conserving adaptations into food, feed, and (bio)fuel crops enabling production on marginal or abandoned agricultural lands. A major focus of his laboratory is to investigate the productivity and irrigation response of highly productive CAM crops such as cactus pear (Opuntia spp.) to serve as sources of human food, animal feed, and as a biofuel feedstock for semi-arid and arid regions of the world. Dr. Bensen received his Ph.D. in biochemistry from the University of Minnesota, followed by post-doctoral experiences at Texas A&M and the Plant Research Laboratory at Michigan State Universities. He then began a research career that spanned 28 years at the major international seed companies, including Pioneer (Dupont), Monsanto (Bayer) and Syngenta. His research focus throughout his career has been centered on improving corn productivity in water limited growing conditions. He led the discovery and early development of commercially successful products using both genetic modification and marker assisted breeding technologies.
