Advances in Cryogenic Engineering: Proceedings of the 1965 Cryogenic Engineering Conference Rice University Houston, Texas August 23–25, 1965(11 Advances in Cryogenic Engineering)

The 1965 Cryogenic Engineering Conference, in presenting the papers of its eleventh annual meeting takes this opportunity to gratefuIly acknowledge the assistance of Rice University and, in particular, R. Kobayashi and his staff for serving as hosts for this conference. This meeting, because of its proximity to the NASA Manned Spacecraft Center, has recognized the impact of the space age on the cryogenic field and has, there- fore, attempted to emphasize this aspect of cryogenics to a greater degree than in past conferences. The highlight of this conference has been the presentation of the highest Cryogenic Engineering Conference award-The Samuel C. CoIlins Award-to its first recipient, Dr. Samuel C. Collins. This award, set up in his name, has recognized the outstanding contributions that Dr. S. C. CoIlins, retired Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, has made in the field of helium liquefaction. His significant advances in various phases of cryogenics have been recognized inter- nationaIly by numerous organizations. High on this list has been the tribute which was bestowed on hirn by the Kamerlingh-Onnes Laboratory in Leiden in awarding hirn the first Kamerlingh-Onnes gold medal to an American in 1958. The Cryogenic Engineering Conference, in addition to recognizing his pioneering work in helium liquefaction by the presentation of the Samuel C. Collins Award, also dedicates this volume of the Advances in Cryogenic Engineering to hirn.

Table of Contents:
Invited Papers.- A-1 The Impact of the Space Age on Cryogenics.- A-2 Helium Refrigerator and Liquefier.- Insulation.- B-1 Shingle Multilayer Insulation for Space Vehicles Using Cryogenic Fluids.- B-2 Effects of Compressive Loads on the Heat Flux Through Multilayer Insulations.- B-3 Experimental Evaluation of Some Selected Lightweight Superinsulation for Space Vehicles.- B-4 Effective Purging of High-Performance Multilayer Insulation Systems.- B-5 Experimental Evaluation of the Equations and Parameters Governing Flow Through Multilayer Insulations During Evacuation.- B-6 Effect of Convection in Helium-Charged, Partial-Foam Insulations for Liquid Hydrogen Propellant Tanks.- B-7 Some Heat Transfer Considerations in Non-Evacuated Cryogenic Powder Insulation.- B-8 Development of the Saturn S-IV and S-IVB Liquid Hydrogen Tank Internal Insulation.- B-9 Considerations in the Design, Selection, and Use of Vacuum-Insulated Pipe.- Refrigeration.- C-1 Design of a Closed-Cycle Helium Temperature Refrigerator.- C-2 Capacity and Economic Performance of a Large 5°K Helium Refrigerator.- C-3 A Cold-Moderator Refrigerator Incorporating a High-Speed Turbine Expander.- C-4 Refrigeration Requirements for a Superconducting Continuous-Sheet Computer Memory.- C-5 The Gifford-McMahon Cycle.- C-6 The Performance of Refrigeration Cycles below 100°R.- C-7 Surface Heat Pumping.- C-8 Local High-Intensity Cryogenic Cooling.- Space Technology.- D-1 Simplifying Large Cryogenic Research Tankage Temperature Measurements.- D-2 Cooling with Solid Cryogens—A Review.- D-3 Fluid Hydrogen Slush—A Review.- D-4 Liquid-Solid Mixtures of Hydrogen Near the Triple Point.- D-5 A Superconducting Liquid-Level Sensor for Slush Hydrogen Use.- D-6 Self-Sealing Shields for Micrometeorite Protection.- D-7 ThermalAnalysis and Optimization of Cryogenic Tanks for Lunar Storage.- D-8 Extraterrestrial Cryogenic Propellants Reliquefaction.- D-9 Saturn Vehicle Cryogenic Programs.- D-10 Atmosphere Storage Systems for Life Support—A Review.- Cryogenic Properties.- E-1 Heat of Fusion and Density of Solid Parahydrogen at Pressures to about 400 Atmospheres.- E-2 Method for Determination of Density of Cryogenic Liquids and Mixtures.- E-3 Hazard Studies with Hydrogen and Oxygen in the Liquid and Solid Phases.- E-4 Investigation of Potential Low Temperature Insulators.- E-5 Physical Properties of Filament Wound Glass Epoxy Structures as Applied to Possible Use in Liquid Hydrogen Bubble Chambers.- E-6 Neon-Hydrogen Bubble Chambers.- E-7 Absorptance of Thermal Radiation by Cryodeposit Layers.- Phase Equilibria and Thermodynamics.- F-1 Solid-Vapor Equilibrium in the System Helium-Methane.- F-2 Liquid-Vapor Phase Equilibria of the Neon-Normal Hydrogen System.- F-3 Liquid-Vapor Equilibrium in the System Neon-Oxygen from 63° to 152°K and at Pressures to 5000 psi.- F-4 Analysis for Trace Hydrocarbon Contaminants in Oxygen Reboilers.- F-5 The Vapor Pressure of Dry Air at Low Temperatures.- F-6 The P-V-T Behavior of Nitrogen, Argon, and Their Mixtures.- F-7 Calculation of Enthalpy Data from a Modified Redlich-Kwong Equation of State.- Mechanical Properties.- G-1 A Cryostat for Izod Impact Testing.- G-2 Mechanical Properties of Electroformed Nickel at Room and Cryogenic Temperatures.- G-3 New Weldable High-Strength Aluminum Alloys for Cryogenic Service.- G-4 The Development of Titanium and Inconel Cryogenic Pressure Vessels.- G-5 Tensile and Creep Properties of a High Nitrogen Content 18/10 (AISI 304-L) Stainless Steel at Cryogenic Temperatures.- G-6 Cryogenic Design Data and Criteria of AerospaceMaterials Subjected to Uniaxial and Biaxial Stress States.- G-7 Cryogenic Properties of High-Strength Glass-Reinforced Plastics.- G-8 Measuring the Combined Effects of Nuclear Radiation and Cryotemperatures on the Tensile and Shear Properties of Materials.- G-9 Effect of Nuclear Radiation and Liquid Hydrogen on Mechanical Properties of Three Phenolic Materials.- Heat Transfer.- H-1 Comparative Study of Forced Convection Boiling Heat Transfer Correlations for Cryogenic Fluids.- H-2 Boiling Heat Transfer from Cylinders in a Saturated Liquid Helium II Bath.- H-3 Nucleate and Film Boiling Heat Transfer to Nitrogen and Methane at Elevated Pressures and Large Temperature Differences.- H-4 Heat Transfer by the Circulation of Supercritical Helium.- H-5 Cooldown of Insulated Metal Tubes to Cryogenic Temperatures.- H-6 A Method of Increasing Heat Transfer to Space Chamber Cryopanels.- H-7 Chilldown and Storage Losses of Large Liquid Hydrogen Storage Dewars.- H-8 Further Experimental Study of H2O-LH2 Heat Exchangers.- H-9 Heat Transfer Domains for Fluids in a Variable Gravity Field with Some Applications to Storage of Cryogens in Space.- H-10 A Study of Bubble Motion in Liquid Nitrogen.- Equipment.- J-1 Quartz-to-Metal and Large Diameter Metal-to-Metal Recycling Cryogenic High-Vacuum Seals.- J-2 An Automatic Liquid Nitrogen Distribution System for Twenty-Five Cold Traps.- J-3 An Electrically Pumped Liquid Helium Transfer System.- J-4 Gas Bath Cryostat for Wide-Range Temperature Control.- J-5 Design of Para-Orthohydrogen Catalytic Reactors.- J-6 A Technique for Determining the Local Heat Leak into a Cryogenic Pipe.- Superconductivity and Magnets.- K-1 High-Field Liquid-Neon-Cooled Electromagnets.- K-2 A Superconducting Magnetic Bottle.- K-3 Critical State of Superconducting Solenoids.- K-4 The Performance of Large Superconducting Coils.- K-5 Cryogenics and Aluminum in Electrical Manufacturing.- K-6 Dynamic Protection of Superconductive Coils.- K-7 Some Remarks on Cryogenic Cables.- K-8 A Vibrating Coil Magnetometer for Use at Very Low Temperatures.- Indexes.- Author Index.- Cumulative Subject Index.