About the Book
Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 23. Chapters: Anthocyanins, PH indicator, Crystal violet, Malachite green, Sunset Yellow FCF, Phenolphthalein, Phenol red, Methyl violet, Congo red, Litmus, Methyl red, Bromothymol blue, Orcein, Bromophenol blue, 4-Nitrophenol, Indigo carmine, Bromocresol green, Nitrazine, Methyl orange, Thymolphthalein, Anthocyanidin, Chrysoine resorcinol, Methyl yellow, Malvin, Bromocresol purple, Alizarine Yellow R, Aurin, Cresol Red, Neutral red, Tulipanin, Antirrhinin, Universal indicator, Disappearing rainbow indicator, Primulin, Chlorophenol red, Protocyanin, Naphtholphthalein, Oenin, Bicarbonate indicator, Erythrolitmin, Hydrion paper, PHydrion, Anthoxanthin, Forestal. Excerpt: Anthocyanins (also anthocyans; from Greek: (anthos) = flower + (kyanos) = blue) are water-soluble vacuolar pigments that may appear red, purple, or blue according to pH. They belong to a parent class of molecules called flavonoids synthesized via the phenylpropanoid pathway; they are odorless and nearly flavorless, contributing to taste as a moderately astringent sensation. Anthocyanins occur in all tissues of higher plants, including leaves, stems, roots, flowers, and fruits. Anthoxanthins are their clear, white to yellow counterparts occurring in plants. Anthocyanins are derivatives of anthocyanidins, which include pendant sugars. Anthocyanins provide the purple color of the vertical stripes on stem of this Jalapeno cultivar. Red color in Fuji applesIn flowers, bright reds and purples are adaptive for attracting pollinators. In fruits, the colorful skins also attract the attention of animals, which may eat the fruits and disperse the seeds. In photosynthetic tissues (such as leaves and sometimes stems), anthocyanins have been shown to act as a "sunscreen," protecting cells from high-light damage by absorbing blue-green and UV light, thereby protecting the tissues...
