Receptors in the Developing Nervous System: Volume 1 Growth factors and hormones

Receptors for cell hormones, growth factors, Fourth, alterations in the development of and neurotransmitters are involved in the neural receptors may have profound implica­ control and modulation of an enormous array tions for the structure and function of the of biological processes. The development of organism. As much as possible, the reper­ these receptors has distinct spatial and tem­ cussions of disrupting the orchestration of poral arrangements, and alterations in this receptor development in the nervous system pattern during embryogenesis can have signi­ are discussed. In many instances, however, ficant consequences for the well-being of the we are just beginning to learn about some fetus, infant, child and adult. The developing receptors and the authors may not be in a nervous system is particularly dependent on position to discuss the consequences of recep­ receptors because its period of structural and tor dysfunction. functional organization extends through both In designing these two volumes, we have prenatal and postnatal phases. Moreover, asked major figures in each field to review the receptors are a key element in neural com­ literature, to apprise the audience of their munication in both the developing and adult latest findings, and to provide a perspective on organism, so that the ontogeny of receptors is the role of receptors in the developing nervous crucial in determining the myriad connections system. These books are intended to sum­ forming the circuitry of the nervous system.

Table of Contents:
1 Introduction: the biology of receptors.- 1.1 Introduction.- 1.2 G protein associated receptors.- 1.3 Tyrosine kinase receptors.- 1.4 The ligand-gated ion channel receptors.- 1.5 Nuclear hormone receptors.- 1.6 Other enzyme receptors.- 1.7 Cytokine receptor superfamily.- 1.8 Conclusion.- References.- 2 Nerve growth factor receptors in the developing nervous system.- 2.1 Introduction.- 2.2 p75 neurotrophin receptor.- 2.3 The NGF receptor trk.- 2.4 NGF receptor binding.- 2.5 Conclusions.- References.- 3 Opioid growth factor receptor in the developing nervous system.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Opioid growth factor.- 3.3 The opioid growth factor receptor: zeta.- 3.4 Conclusions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 4 Transferrin and the developing nervous system.- 4.1 Introduction.- 4.2 Iron metabolism within the CNS: what do we know?.- 4.3 Iron transport protein: molecular and cellular properties of transferrin.- 4.4 Cellular iron uptake: molecular and cellular features of the Tf receptor.- 4.5 Iron storage: ferritin.- 4.6 The Tf-R in abnormal and pathological conditions.- 4.7 Regulation of iron metabolism at the molecular level.- 4.8 Concluding remarks and future directions.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 5 Ontogenic profile of epidermal growth factor receptors in rat brain.- 5.1 Introduction.- 5.2 Methodological considerations.- 5.3 Ontogenic profile of brain EGF binding sites.- 5.4 Possible functional significance.- 5.5 Conclusion.- Acknowledgements.- References.- 6 Somatostatin receptors in the developing nervous system.- 6.1 Introduction.- 6.2 Somatostatin and the developing nervous system.- 6.3 Somatostatin receptors.- 6.4 Future directions.- References.- 7 Developmental regulation of the insulin and insulin-like growth factor receptors in the central nervous system.- 7.1 Introduction.- 7.2 Developmental regulation of insulin and IGF receptors in the CNS.- 7.3 Distribution of insulin and IGF receptors during development of the CNS.- 7.4 Characterization of insulin and IGF receptors in neural-derived tissues.- 7.5 Function of insulin and IGF receptors in the developing nervous system.- 7.6 Concluding remarks.- References.- 8 T3 Nuclear receptors in brain.- 8.1 Introduction.- 8.2 Thyroid hormone receptors.- 8.3 Thyroid hormone receptors and the erbA oncogene.- 8.4 Multiple forms of the thyroid hormone receptor.- 8.5 Ontogeny of thyroid hormones.- 8.6 Nuclear thyroid hormones: brain distribution and ontogeny.- 8.7 Effects of altered thyroid status on brain maturation.- References.- 9 Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptors and the developing nervous system.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 CRH in development.- 9.3 CRH receptors in development.- 9.4 CRH receptors in aging.- 9.5 Summary and conclusions.- References.- 10 Corticosteroid receptors in the rat brain and pituitary during development and hypothalamic—pituitary—adrenal function.- 10.1 Corticosteroid receptor action.- 10.2 The HPA axis.- 10.3 Corticosteroid receptors.- 10.4 Corticosteroid receptors during early development.- 10.5 The HPA axis during early development.- 10.6 Basal HPA function during early development.- 10.7 The HPA stress response during early development.- 10.8 Glucocorticoid negative-feedback during early development.- 10.9 Conclusions: implications for neural development.- 10.10 Environmental regulation of HPA development.- 10.11 Mechanism of action of handling on glucocorticoid receptor development.- 10.12 Conclusions.- References.- 11 Estrogen receptors and the developing nervous system.- 11.1 Introduction.- 11.2 Organizational effects of steroids on the CNS.-11.3 Sites and pathways of estrogen synthesis.- 11.4 Biochemistry of the estrogen receptor.- 11.5 Estrogen receptor detection in the brain.- 11.6 Developmental changes in estrogen receptor concentrations: description and significance.- 11.7 In utero diethylstilbestrol (DES) exposure in humans.- References.- 12 Vasopressin and oxytocin receptors and the developing brain.- 12.1 Introduction.- 12.2 Vasopressin and oxytocin systems.- 12.3 Vasopressin and oxytocin receptor subtypes.- 12.4 Appearance of VP receptor.- 12.5 Appearance of OT receptor.- 12.6 Relationship with appearance of VP and OT innervation.- 12.7 Late appearance of OT receptors.- 12.8 Possible significance of transient receptor expression.- 12.9 (Early) receptor regulation.- 12.10 Possible trophic effects of VP.- 12.11 Organizational effects of VP.- 12.12 Concluding remarks.- Acknowledgements.- References.- Addendum.