This fourth edition of Edward Angel's Interactive Computer Graphics again introduces topics in it's trademark top-down, programming-oriented approach. Students will quickly be able to create exciting interactive graphics applications using OpenGL. Coverage of programmable shaders and additional chapters on Vertex shaders and fragment shaders is incorporated into this new edition. Each chapter is built around applications. Key principles and techniques are explained to teach students by example and by practice. All topics required for a fundamental course in computer graphics are covered. Key topics include light-material interactions, shading, modelling, curves and surfaces, antialiasing, texture mapping, and compositing, as well as hardware issues.; Provides expanded breadth and depth to account for new developments in the field of computer graphics.; Consistent and complete discussion of the pipeline architecture.; Coverage of the OpenGL shading language that is now an official part of OpenGL.; Coverage of Vertex shaders and fragment shaders.; Uses C++, as well as C.; Resterization content is covered before texture mapping.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1: Graphics Systems and Models
1.1 Applications of Computer Graphics
1.2 A Graphics System
1.3 Images: Physical and Synthetic
1.4 Imaging Systems
1.5 The Synthetic-Camera Model
1.6 The Programmer’s Interface
1.7 Graphics Architectures
1.8 Programmable Pipelines
1.9 Performance Characteristics
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 2: Graphics Programming
2.1 The Sierpinski Gasket
2.2 Programming Two-Dimensional Applications
2.3 The OpenGL API
2.4 Primitives and Attributes
2.5 Color
2.6 Viewing
2.7 Control Functions
2.8 The Gasket Program
2.9 Polygons and Recursion
2.10 The Three-Dimensional Gasket
2.11 Plotting Implicit Functions
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 3: Input and Interaction
3.1 Interaction
3.2 Input Devices
3.3 Clients and Servers
3.4 Display Lists
3.5 Programming Event-Driven Input
3.6 Menus
3.7 Picking
3.8 A Simple Paint Program
3.9 Building Interactive Models
3.10 Animating Interactive Programs
3.11 Design of Interactive Programs
3.12 Logic Operations
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 4: Geometric Objects and Transformations
4.1 Scalars, Points, and Vectors
4.2 Three-Dimensional Primitives
4.3 Coordinate Systems and Frames
4.4 Frames in OpenGL
4.5 Modeling a Colored Cube
4.6 Affine Transformations
4.7 Translation, Rotation, and Scaling
4.8 Transformations in Homogeneous Coordinates
4.9 Concatenation of Transformations
4.10 OpenGL Transformation Matrices
4.11 Interfaces to Three-Dimensional Applications
4.12 Quaternions
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 5: Viewing
5.1 Classical and Computer Viewing
5.2 Viewing with a Computer
5.3 Positioning of the Camera
5.4 Simple Projections
5.5 Projections in OpenGL
5.6 Hidden-Surface Removal
5.7 Interactive Mesh Displays
5.8 Parallel-Projection Matrices
5.9 Perspective-Projection Matrices
5.10 Projections and Shadows
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 6: Shading
6.1 Light and Matter
6.2 Light Sources
6.3 The Phong Reflection Model
6.4 Computation of Vectors
6.5 Polygonal Shading
6.6 Approximation of a Sphere by Recursive Subdivision
6.7 Light Sources in OpenGL
6.8 Specification of Materials in OpenGL
6.9 Shading of the Sphere Model
6.10 Global Illumination
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 7: From Vertices to Fragments
7.1 Basic Implementation Strategies
7.2 Four Major Tasks
7.3 Clipping
7.4 Line-Segment Clipping
7.5 Polygon Clipping
7.6 Clipping of Other Primitives
7.7 Clipping in Three Dimensions
7.8 Rasterization
7.9 Bresenham’s Algorithm
7.10 Polygon Rasterization
7.11 Hidden-Surface Removal
7.12 Antialiasing
7.13 Display Considerations
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 8: Discrete Techniques
8.1 Buffers
8.2 Digital Images
8.3 Writing into Buffers
8.4 Bit and Pixel Operations in OpenGL
8.5 Examples
8.6 Mapping Methods
8.7 Texture Mapping
8.8 Texture Mapping in OpenGL
8.9 Texture Generation
8.10 Environment Maps
8.11 Compositing Techniques
8.12 Multirendering and the Accumulation Buffer
8.13 Sampling and Aliasing
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 9: Programmable Shaders
9.1 Programmable Pipelines
9.2 Shading Languages
9.3 Extending OpenGL
9.4 The OpenGL Shading Language
9.5 The OpenGL Shading Language
9.6 Linking Shaders with OpenGL Programs
9.7 Moving Vertices
9.8 Lighting with Shaders
9.9 Fragment Shaders
9.10 Per-Vertex Versus Per-Fragment Phong Shading
9.11 Samplers
9.12 Cube Maps
9.13 Bump Mapping
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 10: Modeling
10.1 Symbols and Instances
10.2 Hierarchical Models
10.3 A Robot Arm
10.4 Trees and Traversal
10.5 Use of Tree Data Structures
10.6 Animation
10.7 Graphical Objects
10.8 Scene Graphs
10.9 A Simple Scene Graph API
10.10 Other Tree Structures
10.11 Graphics and the Internet
10.12 Procedural Methods
10.13 Physically Based Models and Particle Systems
10.14 Newtonian Particles
10.15 Solving Particle Systems
10.16 Constraints
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 11: Curves and Surfaces
11.1 Representation of Curves and Surfaces
11.2 Design Criteria
11.3 Parametric Cubic Polynomial Curves
11.4 Interpolation
11.5 Hermite Curves and Surfaces
11.6 B'ezier Curves and Surfaces
11.7 Cubic B-Splines
11.8 General B-Splines
11.9 Rendering of Curves and Surfaces
11.10 The Utah Teapot
11.11 Algebraic Surfaces
11.12 Curves and Surfaces in OpenGL 615
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Chapter 12: Advanced Rendering
12.1 Going Beyond Pipeline Rendering
12.2 Ray Tracing
12.3 Building a Simple Ray Tracer
12.4 The Rendering Equation
12.5 Radiosity
12.6 RenderMan
12.7 Large-Scale Rendering
12.8 Image-Based Rendering
SUMMARY AND NOTES
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Appendix A: Sample Programs
A.1 Sierpinski Gasket Program
A.2 Recursive Generation of Sierpinski Gasket
A.3 Recursive Three-Dimensional Sierpinski Gasket
A.4 Marching Squares
A.5 Square Drawing Program
A.6 Paint Program
A.7 Double-Buffering Example
A.8 Selection-Mode Picking Program
A.9 Rotating-Cube Program
A.10 Rotating Cube Using Vertex Arrays
A.11 Rotating Cube with a Virtual Trackball
A.12 Moving Viewer
A.13 Sphere Program
A.14 Mandelbrot Set Program
A.15 Bresenham’s Algorithm
A.16 Rotating Cube with Texture
A.17 GLSL Example
A.18 Scene-Graph Example
A.19 Program for Drawing B'ezier Curves
Appendix B: Spaces
B.1 Scalars
B.2 Vector Spaces
B.3 Affine Spaces
B.4 Euclidean Spaces
B.5 Projections
B.6 Gram-Schmidt Orthogonalization
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Appendix C: Matrices
C.1 Definitions
C.2 Matrix Operations
C.3 Row and Column Matrices
C.4 Rank
C.5 Change of Representation
C.6 The Cross Product
C.7 Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors
SUGGESTED READINGS
EXERCISES
Appendix D: Synopsis of OpenGL Functions
D.1 Specifying Simple Geometry
D.2 Attributes
D.3 Working with the Window System
D.4 Interaction
D.5 Enabling Features
D.6 Transformations
D.7 Viewing
D.8 Defining Discrete Primitives
D.9 Display Lists
D.10 Picking
D.11 Lighting
D.12 Texture Mapping
D.13 State and Buffer Manipulation
D.14 Vertex Arrays
D.15 Blending Functions
D.16 Query Functions
D.17 Curve and Surface Functions
D.18 GLU Quadrics
D.19 GLSL Functions
References
Function Index
Subject Index
