Advances in Cryogenic Engineering: 21

With the 1975 Cryogenic Engineering Conference this se ries enters the third decade of presenting the latest advances in the field of cryogenic engineering. The 1975 Cryogenic Engineering Conference also marked the first time the meeting had been held outside the territorial limits of the United States. Based on the enthusiastic response of the attendees and the exemplary hospitality of the Canadian hosts, it certainly will not be the last meeting to convene beyond the confines of the fifty states. The Cryogenic Engineering Conference Board is extremely grateful to The Royal Military College of Canada and Queen's University for the invitation to hold this meeting in Kingston, Ontario, Canada. The assistance of A. C. Leonard and his staff added immeasurably in making this visit to Canada both a pie asant and a memorable one. The 1975 Cryogenic Engineering Conference was the first meeting of this group on the new biennial conference schedule. Since the last conference in 1973, the Western Hemisphere has experienced the impact of various energy shortages. Thus, it was appropriate that the theme "Cryogenics Applied to Natural Resource Management" for this Conference was not only timely but also an opportunity for the scientific community engaged in cryogenic activities to review the role of cryogenics in meeting these new challenges and problems facing the energy-deficient nations of the world. The Cryogenic Engineering Conference was also pleased to have the Interna- tional Cryogenic Materials Conference join them in this meeting.

Table of Contents:
Superconducting Magnets.- A-1 Superconducting Magnetic Levitation and Linear Synchronous Motor Development-The Canadian Program.- A-2 Split-Pair Superconducting Magnet System for Self-Colliding Beam Experiments.- A-3 Cryogenic Design Considerations of a Superconducting Magnet System for Self-Colliding Beam Experiments.- A-4 Large Superconducting Solenoid for the Minimag Experiment.- A-5 Cryogenic and Mechanical Design of a Large, Six-Tesla Dipole Magnet.- A-6 Superconducting Toroidal Field Magnets for a Tokamak Engineering Test Reactor.- A-7 A One-Meter-Diameter, AC Superconducting Coil and Fiberglass Cryostat for an Electromagnetic Geophysical Exploration System.- Applied Superconductivity Systems Design.- B-1 Preliminary Tests of Subscale and Full-Scale Single-Phase Sections of a 3400-MVA Superconducting Transmission Line.- B-2 Cryogenic Design for Large Superconductive Energy Storage Magnets.- B-3 Engineering Considerations of the Toroidal Magnet and Dewar for UWMAK-11-A Wisconsin Tokamak Fusion Reactor Design.- B-4 Current Averaging and Coil Segmentation in the Protection of Large Toroidal Superconducting Magnet Systems.- B-5 Dielectric Strength of Liquid Helium under Strongly Inhomogeneous Field Conditions.- B-6 Electrical Breakdown and Tracking Characteristics of Pulsed High Voltages in Cryogenic Helium and Nitrogen.- B-7 Temperature Excursions During Loss of Magnet Coolant Accidents with Thermalization of Energy of Large Superconducting Solenoids.- Superconductive Energy Systems.- C-1 Applications of Superconducting Magnets to Energy with Particular Emphasis on Fusion Power.- C-2 Configurational Design of Superconductive Energy Storage Magnets.- C-3 Energy Transfer Methods Between Superconducting Magnets.- C-4 Element Rating and Coupling Harmonics in a Superconductive Energy Transfer System.- Energy Systems.- D-1 Economic Aspects of U. S. Energy Independence in the Coming Decade.- D-2 Cryogenic Fuel Systems for Motor Vehicles.- Refrigeration.- E-1 Reliability Aspects of Cryogenic Refrigeration.- E-2 A New Helium Refrigerator for Superconducting Cable Systems.- E-3 Supercritical Helium Refrigerator for Superconducting Power Transmission Cable Studies.- E-4 Low-Temperature Losses in Supercritical Helium Refrigerators.- E-5 New Type Screw Compressor for Helium Refrigerators and Liquefiers.- E-6 Dry Helium Compressor for Refrigeration Systems.- E-7 Performance Tests of a Reciprocating Liquid Helium Pump Used in Forced Convection Cooling.- E-8 A Large-Scale Pumped and Subcooled Liquid Helium Cooling System.- E-9 High-Purity Nitrogen Cooling System of an In-Core Irradiation Cryostat for a Triga Mark II Reactor.- Instrumentation.- F-1 Surface Crystalline Carbon Temperature Sensor.- F-2 Sensor for Distinguishing Liquid-Vapor Phases of Superfluid Helium.- Heat Transfer and Fluid Dynamics.- G-1 Heat Exchangers for Vapor-Cooled Conducting Supports of Cryostats.- G-2 The Cooling of Long Conduits.- G-3 Heat Transfer in a Cryosurgery Probe Tip.- G-4 Heat Transfer in Transition Boiling of Cryogenic Liquids.- G-5 Liquid Neon Heat Transfer as Applied to a 30-Tesla Cryomagnet.- G-6 Free Convection Film Boiling from a Flat, Horizontal Surface in Saturated He II.- G-7 Thermomechanical Flow Rates of Liquid Helium II Through Channels of Large Hydraulic Diameter.- G-8 Maximum Two-Phase Flow Rates of Subcooled Nitrogen Through a Sharp-Edged Orifice.- LNG Technology.- H-1 Experience of Tokyo Gas with In-Ground LNG Tanks.- H-2 Geometric Stability of Cylindrical, Double-Walled Cryogenic Tank Structures.- H-3 A Model for LNG Tank Rollover.- H-4 Distrigas LNG Barge Operating Experience.- H-5 Inert Gas Generating System for Liquefied Natural Gas Carriers.- H-6 Running-Film Vaporizer for LNG.- Safety.- J-1 Planning for Safety.- J-2 Safety Aspects of LNG Spills on Land.- J-3 Dispersion of Hydrogen or Methane Fuels Released into an Automobile Interior.- Cryo-Bioengineering Applications.- K-1 The Application of Cryogenics to the Reversible Storage of Biomaterials.- K-2 Recent Advances and Applications of Freeze-Drying Technology.- Cryo-Technology Applications.- L-1 Miniature Cryogenic Coolers.- L-2 Orbital Performance of a Solid Cryogen Cooling System for a Gamma-Ray Detector.- L-3 Nitrogen Removal and Raw Helium Recovery in Natural Gas Processing Plants.- L-4 Heavy Water Production by Cryogenic Processing.- L-5 Techniques for Obtaining Cryogenic Laser Fusion Targets by Condensing Fuel Gases in Microshell(TM) Pellets.- Fluid Properties.- M-1 Recent Developments in the Theory of Fluid Mixtures.- M-2 On the Consistency of Liquid-Vapor Equilibria Data for Binary Mixtures of Methane with the Light Paraffin Hydrocarbons.- M-3 Excess Enthalpies for Some Binary Liquid Mixtures of Low-Molecular-Weight Alkanes.- M-4 Viscosity of Cryogenic Liquid Mixtures (Including LNG) from Corresponding States Methods.- M-5 Solubility of Solid n-Butane and n-Pentane in Liquid Methane.- M-6 Orthobaric Liquid Densities of Normal Butane from 135 to 300 K as Determined with a Magnetic Suspension Densimeter.- M-7 Thermophysical Properties Data Research on Compressed and Liquefied Gases at the NBS Cryogenics Division.- M-8 A Method for the Selection of a Functional Form for a Thermodynamic Equation of State Using Weighted Linear Least Squares Stepwise Regression.- Indexes.- Author Index.