Organized around the theme of American communities, Out of Many is a blend of social and political history that reveals the geographical, racial, and economic diversity of the United States, with a special focus on the country’s regions.
Instead of looking at the country as a homogenous whole, the authors break down the country into more meaningful and manageable building blocks: the individual, the community, the state, and the region. Showing these interplays between the individuals and groups and the groups and the regions, each chapter of the text will help students understand the textured and varied history that has produced the increasing complexity of America.
The Teaching and Learning Classroom Edition provides a variety of extra tools to assist students’ learning, studying, analyzing, and retaining central concepts and themes. Critical thinking questions, maps, and a marginal glossary are a few of the many features that succeed in making Out of Many explore American history more deeply.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1 A Continent Of Villages, to 1500
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Cahokia:Thirteenth-Century Life on the Mississippi
THE FIRST AMERICAN SETTLERS
Who Are the Indian People?
Migration from Asia
The Clovis Culture: The First Environmental Adaptation
New Ways of Living on the Land
THE DEVELOPMENT OF FARMING
Origins in Mexico
Increasing Social Complexity
The Resisted Revolution
FARMING IN NORTH AMERICA
Farmers of the Southwest
The Anasazis
Farmers of the Eastern Woodlands
Mississippian Society
The Politics of Warfare and Violence
CULTURAL REGIONS OF NORTH AMERICA ON THE EVE OF COLONIZATION
The Population of Indian America
The Southwest
The South
The Northeast
Chapter 2 When Worlds Collide, 1492-1590
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
The English at Roanoke
THE EXPANSION OF EUROPE
Western Europe before Columbus
The Merchant Class and the Renaissance
The New Monarchies
The Portuguese Voyages
Columbus Reaches the Americas
THE SPANISH IN THE AMERICAS
The Invasion of America
The Destruction of the Indies
The Virgin Soil Epidemics
The Columbian Exchange
The Spanish in North America
The Spanish New World Empire
NORTHERN EXPLORATIONS AND ENCOUNTERS
Trade Not Conquest: Fish and Furs
The Protestant Reformation and the First French Colonies
Social Change in Sixteenth-Century England
Early English Efforts in the Americas
Chapter 3 Planting Colonies In North America, 1588-1701
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Communities and Diversity in Seventeenth-Century Santa Fé
THE SPANISH, THE FRENCH, AND THE DUTCH IN NORTH AMERICA
New Mexico
New France
New Netherland
THE CHESAPEAKE: VIRGINIA AND MARYLAND
Jamestown and the Powhatan Confederacy
Tobacco, Expansion, and Warfare
Maryland
Community Life in the Chesapeake
THE NEW ENGLAND COLONIES
Puritanism
Early Contacts in New England
Plymouth Colony
The Massachusetts Bay Colony
Dissent and New Communities
Indians and Puritans
The Economy: New England Merchants
Community and Family in New England
The Position of Women
The Salem Witch Trials
THE PROPRIETARY COLONIES
The Carolinas
New York and New Jersey
The Founding of Pennsylvania
CONFLICT AND WAR
King Philip’s War
Bacon’s Rebellion and Southern Conflicts
The Glorious Revolution in America
King William’s War
Chapter 4 Slavery And Empire, 1441-1770
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Rebellion in Stono, South Carolina
THE BEGINNINGS OF AFRICAN SLAVERY
Sugar and Slavery
West Africans
THE AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE
A Global Enterprise
The Shock of Enslavement
The Middle Passage
Political and Economic Effects on Africa
THE DEVELOPMENT OF NORTH AMERICAN SLAVE SOCIETIES
Slavery Comes to North America
The Tobacco Colonies
The Lower South
Slavery in the Spanish Colonies
Slavery in French Louisiana
Slavery in the North
AFRICAN TO AFRICAN AMERICAN
The Daily Life of Slaves
Families and Communities
African American Culture
The Africanization of the South
Violence and Resistance
SLAVERY AND THE ECONOMICS OF EMPIRE
Slavery: Foundation of the British Economy
The Politics of Mercantilism
British Colonial Regulation
Wars for Empire
The Colonial Economy
SLAVERY, PROSPERITY, AND FREEDOM
The Social Structure of the Slave Colonies
White Skin Privilege
Chapter 5 The Cultures of Colonial North America, 1700-1780
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
The Revival of Religion and Community in Northampton
NORTH AMERICAN REGIONS
Indian America
The Spanish Borderlands
The French Crescent
New England
The Middle Colonies
The Backcountry
The South
SOCIAL AND POLITICAL
PATTERNS
The Persistence of Traditional Culture in the New World
The Frontier Heritage
Population Growth and Immigration
Social Class
Economic Growth and Economic Inequality
Colonial Politics
THE CULTURAL TRANSFORMATION OF BRITISH NORTH AMERICA
The Enlightenment Challenge
A Decline in Religious Devotion
The Great Awakening
The Politics of Revivalism
Chapter 6 From Empire to Independence, 1750-1776
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
The First Continental Congress Begins to Shape a National Political Community
THE SEVEN YEARS’WAR IN AMERICA
The Albany Conference of 1754
France vs. Britain in America
Frontier Warfare
The Conquest of Canada
The Struggle for the West
THE EMERGENCE OF AMERICAN NATIONALISM
An American Identity
The Press, Politics, and Republicanism
The Sugar and Stamp Acts
The Stamp Act Crisis
“SAVE YOUR MONEY AND SAVE YOUR COUNTRY”
The Townshend Revenue Acts
An Early Political Boycott
The Massachusetts Circular Letter
The Boston Massacre
FROM RESISTANCE TO REBELLION
Committees of Correspondence
The Boston Tea Party
The Intolerable Acts
The First Continental Congress
Lexington and Concord
DECIDING FOR INDEPENDENCE
The Second Continental Congress
Canada and the Spanish Borderlands
Fighting in the North and South
No Turning Back
The Declaration of Independence
Chapter 7 The American Revolution, 1776-1786
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
A National Community Evolves at Valley Forge
THE WAR FOR INDEPENDENCE
The Patriot Forces
The Toll of War
The Loyalists
Women and the War
The Campaign for New York and New Jersey
The Northern Campaigns of 1777
A Global Conflict
Indian Peoples and the Revolution in the West
The War in the South
The Yorktown Surrender
THE UNITED STATES IN CONGRESS ASSEMBLED
The Articles of Confederation
Financing the War
Negotiating Independence
The Crisis of Demobilization
The Problem of the West
REVOLUTIONARY POLITICS IN THE STATES
A New Democratic Ideology
The First State Constitutions
Declarations of Rights
The Spirit of Reform
African Americans and the Revolution
Chapter 8 The New Nation, 1786-1800
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
A Rural Massachusetts Community Rises in Defense of Liberty
THE CRISIS OF THE 1780s
The Economic Crisis
State Remedies
Toward a New National Government
THE NEW CONSTITUTION
The Constitutional Convention
Ratifying the New Constitution
The Bill of Rights
THE FIRST FEDERAL ADMINISTRATION
The Washington Presidency
The Federal Judiciary
Hamilton’s Fiscal Program
American Foreign Policy
The United States and the Indian Peoples
Spanish Florida and British Canada
The Crises of 1794
Settling Disputes with Britain and Spain
Washington’s Farewell Address
FEDERALISTS AND DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS
The Rise of Political Parties
The Adams Presidency
The Alien and Sedition Acts
The Revolution of 1800
Democratic Political Culture
“THE RISING GLORY OF AMERICA”
The Liberty of the Press
Books, Books, Books
Women on the Intellectual Scene
Chapter 9 An Empire for Liberty, 1790-1824
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Expansion Touches Mandan Villages on the Upper Missouri
NORTH AMERICAN COMMUNITIES FROM
COAST TO COAST
The New Nation
Northern Neighbors: British North America
and Russian America
The Spanish Empire
Haiti and the Caribbean
Trans-Appalachia
A NATIONAL ECONOMY
Cotton and the Economy of the Young Republic
Shipping and the Economic Boom
THE JEFFERSON PRESIDENCY
Republican Agrarianism
Jefferson’s Government
An Independent Judiciary
Opportunity: The Louisiana Purchase
Incorporating Louisiana
Texas and the Struggle for Mexican Independence
RENEWED IMPERIAL RIVALRY IN NORTH AMERICA
Problems with Neutral Rights
The Embargo Act
Madison and the Failure of “Peaceable Coercion”
A Contradictory Indian Policy
Indian Resistance
THE WAR OF 1812
The War Hawks
The Campaigns against the Northern and Southern Indians
The Hartford Convention
The Treaty of Ghent
DEFINING THE BOUNDARIES
Another Westward Surge
The Election of 1816 and the Era of Good Feelings
The American System
The Diplomacy of John Quincy Adams
The Panic of 1819
The Missouri Compromise
Chapter 10 The South and Slavery, 1790s-1850s
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Cotton Communities in the Old Southwest
KING COTTON AND SOUTHERN EXPANSION
Cotton and Expansion into the Old Southwest
Slavery the Mainspring—Again
A Slave Society in a Changing World
The Internal Slave Trade
THE AFRICAN AMERICAN COMMUNITY
The Mature American Slave System
The Growth of the Salve Community
From Cradle to Grave
Field Work and the Gang System
House Servants
Artisans and Skilled Workers
Slave Families
FREEDOM AND RESISTANCE
African American Religion
Other kinds of Resistance
Slave Revolts
Free African Americans
THE WHITE MAJORITY
Poor White People
Southern “Plain Folk”
The Middling Ranks
PLANTERS
Small Slave Owners
The Planter Elite
Plantation Life
The Plantation Mistress
Coercion and Violence
THE DEFENSE OF SLAVERY
Developing Proslavery Arguments
After Nat Turner
Changes in the South
Chapter 11 The Growth of Democracy, 1824-1840
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
A Political Community Replaces Deference with Democracy
THE NEW DEMOCRATIC POLITICS
IN NORTH AMERICA
Struggles over Popular Rights: Mexico, the Caribbean, Canada
The Expansion and Limits of Suffrage
The Election of 1824
The New Popular Democratic Culture
The Election of 1828
THE JACKSON PRESIDENCY
A Popular President
A Strong Executive
The Nation’s Leader versus Sectional Spokesmen
The Nullification Crisis
CHANGING THE COURSE OF GOVERNMENT
Indian Removal
Internal Improvements
Federal and State Support for Private
Enterprise
The Bank War
Whigs, Van Buren, and the Panic of 1837
THE SECOND AMERICAN PARTY SYSTEM
Whigs and Democrats
The Campaign of 1840
The Whig Victory Turns to Loss: The Tyler Presidency
AMERICAN ARTS AND LETTERS
Popular Cultures and the Spread of the Written Word
Creating a National American Culture
Artists and Builders
Chapter 12 Industry and the North, 1790s-1840s
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Women Factory Workers Form a Community in Lowell, Massachusetts
THE TRANSPORTATION
REVOLUTION
Roads
Canals and Steamboats
Railroads
The Effects of the Transportation Revolution
THE MARKET REVOLUTION
The Accumulation of Capital
The Putting-Out System
The Spread of Commercial Markets
THE YANKEE WEST
New Routes West
Commercial Agriculture in the Old Northwest
Transportation Changes Affect the Cities
INDUSTRIALIZATION BEGINS
British Technology and American Industrialization
The Lowell Mills
Family Mills
“The American System of Manufactures”
FROM ARTISAN TO WORKER
Preindustrial Ways of Working
Mechanization and Gender
Time, Work, Pay, and Leisure
Free Labor
Early Strikes
THE NEW MIDDLE CLASS
Wealth and Rank
Religion and Personal Life
The New Middle-Class Family
Middle-Class Children
Sentimentalism and Transcendentalism
Chapter 13 Meeting the Challenges of the New Society, 1820s-1850s
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Women Reformers of Seneca Falls Respond to the Market Revolution
IMMIGRATION AND THE CITY
The Growth of Cities
Patterns of Immigration
Irish Immigration
German Immigration
The Chinese in California
Ethnic Neighborhoods
URBAN PROBLEMS
New Living Patterns in the Cities
Ethnicity in Urban Popular Culture
The Labor Movement and Urban Politics
Civic Order
Free African Americans in the Cities
SOCIAL REFORM MOVEMENTS
Religion, Reform, and Social Control
Education and Women Teachers
Temperance
Moral Reform, Asylums, and Prisons
Utopianism and Mormonism
ANTISLAVERY AND ABOLITIONISM
The American Colonization Society
African Americans against Slavery
Abolitionists
Abolitionism and Politics
THE WOMEN’S RIGHTS MOVEMENT
The Grimké Sisters
Women’s Rights
Chapter 14 The Territorial Expansion Of The United States, 1830s-1850s
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Texans and Tejanos “Remember the Alamo!”
EXPLORING THE WEST
The Fur Trade
Government-Sponsored Exploration
Expansion and Indian Policy
THE POLITICS OF EXPANSION
Manifest Destiny, an Expansionist Ideology
The Overland Trails
Oregon
The Santa Fé Trade
Mexican Texas
Americans in Texas
The Republic of Texas
THE MEXICAN-AMERICAN
WAR
Origins of the War
Mr. Polk’s War
The Press and Popular War Enthusiasm
CALIFORNIA AND THE GOLD RUSH
Russian–Californios Trade
Early American Settlement
Gold!
Mining Camps
THE POLITICS OF MANIFEST DESTINY
The Wilmot Proviso
The Free-Soil Movement
The Election of 1848
Chapter 15 The Coming Crisis, the 1850s
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Illinois Communities Debate Slavery
AMERICA IN 1850
Expansion and Growth
Politics, Culture, and National Identity
CRACKS IN NATIONAL UNITY
The Compromise of 1850
Political Parties Split Over Slavery
Congressional Divisions
Two Communities, Two Perspectives
The Fugitive Slave Law
The Election of 1852
“Young America”: The Politics of Expansion
THE CRISIS OF THE NATIONAL PARTY SYSTEM
The Kansas-Nebraska Act
“Bleeding Kansas”
The Politics of Nativism
The Republican Party and the Election of 1856
THE DIFFERENCES DEEPEN
The Dred Scott Decision
The Lecompton Constitution
The Panic of 1857
John Brown’s Raid
THE SOUTH SECEDES
The Election of 1860
The South Leaves the Union
The North’s Political Options
Establishment of the Confederacy
Lincoln’s Inauguration
Chapter 16 The Civil War, 1861-1865
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Mother Bickerdyke Connects Northern Communities to Their Boys at War
COMMUNITIES MOBILIZE FOR WAR
Fort Sumter: The War Begins
The Border States
The Battle of Bull Run
The Relative Strengths of North and South
THE GOVERNMENTS ORGANIZE
FOR WAR
Lincoln Takes Charge
Expanding the Power of the Federal Government
Diplomatic Objectives
Jefferson Davis Tries to Unify the Confederacy
Contradictions of Southern Nationalism
THE FIGHTING THROUGH 1862
The War in Northern Virginia
Shiloh and the War for the Mississippi
The War in the Trans–Mississippi West
The Naval War
The Black Response
THE DEATH OF SLAVERY
The Politics of Emancipation
Black Fighting Men
THE FRONT LINES AND THE HOME FRONT
The Toll of War
Army Nurses
The Life of the Common Soldier
Wartime Politics
Economic and Social Strains on the North
The New York City Draft Riots
The Failure of Southern Nationalism
THE TIDE TURNS
The Turning Point of 1863
Grant and Sherman
The 1864 Election
Nearing the End
Appomattox
Death of a President
Chapter 17 Reconstruction, 1863-1877
AMERICAN COMMUNITIES
Hale County, Alabama: From Slavery to Freedom in a Black Belt Community
THE POLITICS OF RECONSTRUCTION
The Defeated South
Abraham Lincoln’s Plan
Andrew Johnson and Presidential Reconstruction
Free Labor and the Radical Republican Vision
Congressional Reconstruction and the Impeachment Crisis
The Election of 1868
Woman Suffrage and Reconstruction
THE MEANING OF FREEDOM
Moving About
The African American Family
African American Churches and Schools
Land and Labor after Slavery
The Origins of African American Politics
SOUTHERN POLITICS AND SOCIETY
Southern Republicans
Reconstructing the States: A Mixed Record
White Resistance and “Redemption”
King Cotton: Sharecroppers, Tenants, and the Southern Environment
RECONSTRUCTING THE NORTH
The Age of Capital
Liberal Republicans and the Election of 1872
The Depression of 1873
The Electoral Crisis of 1876
Appendix
Glossary of Terms
Index
About the Author :
John Mack Faragher
John Mack Faragher is Arthur Unobskey Professor of American History and director of the Howard R. Lamar Center for the Study of Frontiers and Borders at Yale University. Born in Arizona and raised in southern California, he received his B.A. at the University of California, Riverside, and his Ph.D. at Yale University. He is the author of Women and Men on the Overland Trail (1979), Sugar Creek: Life on the Illinois Prairie (1986), Daniel Boone: The Life and Legend of an American Pioneer (1992), The American West: A New Interpretive History (2000), and A Great and Noble Scheme: The Tragic Story of the Expulsion of the French Acadians from their American Homeland (2005).
Mari Jo Buhle
Mari Jo Buhle is William R. Kenan Jr. University Professor and Professor of American Civilization and History at Brown University, specializing in American women’s history. She received her B.A. from the University of Illinois, Urbana—Champaign, and her Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin, Madison. She is the author of Women and American Socialism, 1870—1920 (1981) and Feminism and Its Discontents: A Century of Struggle with Psychoanalysis (1998). She is also coeditor of Encyclopedia of the American Left, second edition (1998). Professor Buhle held a fellowship (1991—1996) from the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation.
Daniel Czitrom
Daniel Czitrom is Professor of History at Mount Holyoke College. Born and raised in New York City, he received his B.A. from the State University of New York at Binghamton and his M.A. and Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin, Madison. He is the author of Media and the American Mind: From Morse to McLuhan (1982), which won the First Books Award of the American Historical Association and has been translated into Spanish and Chinese. He is co-author of Rediscovering Jacob Riis: Exposure Journalism and Photography in Turn of the Century New York (2007). He has served as a historical consultant and featured on-camera commentator for several documentary film projects, including the PBS productions New York: A Documentary Film; American Photography: A Century of Images; and The Great Transatlantic Cable.
He currently serves on the Executive Board of the Organization of American Historians.
Susan H. Armitage
Susan H. Armitage is Claudius O. and Mary R. Johnson Distinguished Professor of History at Washington State University. She earned her Ph.D. from the London School of Economics and Political Science. Among her many publications on western women’s history are three coedited books, The Women’s West (1987), So Much To Be Done: Women on the Mining and Ranching Frontier (1991), and Writing the Range: Race, Class, and Culture in the Women’s West (1997). She currently serves as an editor of a series of books on women and American history for the University of Illinois Press.
