C# for Programmers

The practicing programmer's DEITEL® guide to C# and the powerful Microsoft .NET Framework   Written for programmers with a background in C++, Java, or other high-level languages, this book applies the Deitel signature live-code approach to teaching programming and explores Microsoft's C# language and the new .NET 2.0 in depth. The book is updated for Visual Studio® 2005 and C# 2.0, and presents C# concepts in the context of fully tested programs, complete with syntax shading, detailed line-by-line code descriptions, and program outputs. The book features 200+ C# applications with 16,000+ lines of proven C# code, as well as 300+ programming tips that will help you build robust applications.   Start with a concise introduction to C# fundamentals using an early classes and objects approach, then rapidly move on to more advanced topics, including multithreading, XML, ADO.NET 2.0, ASP.NET 2.0, Web services, network programming, and .NET remoting. Along the way you will enjoy the Deitels' classic treatment of object-oriented programming and a new, OOD/UML™ ATM case study, including a complete C# implementation. When you are finished, you will have everything you need to build next-generation Windows applications, Web applications, and Web services.   Dr. Harvey M. Deitel and Paul J. Deitel are the founders of Deitel & Associates, Inc., the internationally recognized programming languages content-creation and corporate-training organization. Together with their colleagues at Deitel & Associates, Inc., they have written many international best-selling programming languages textbooks that millions of people worldwide have used to master C, C++, Java™, C#, XML, Visual Basic®, Perl, Python, and Internet and Web programming.   The DEITEL® Developer Series is designed for practicing programmers. The series presents focused treatments of emerging technologies, including .NET, J2EE, Web services, and more.   Practical, Example-Rich Coverage Of: C# 2.0, .NET 2.0, FCL ASP.NET 2.0, Web Forms and Controls Database, SQL, and ADO.NET 2.0 Networking and .NET Remoting XML, Web Services Generics, Collections GUI/Windows® Forms OOP: Classes, Inheritance, and Polymorphism OOD/UML™ ATM Case Study Graphics and Multimedia Multithreading Exception Handling And more... VISIT WWW.DEITEL.COM Download code examples To receive updates on this book, subscribe to the free DEITEL® BUZZ ONLINE e-mail newsletter at www.deitel.com/newsletter/subscribe.html Read archived Issues of the DEITEL® BUZZ ONLINE Get corporate training information

Table of Contents:
Preface xxiii Chapter1: Introduction to Computers, the Internet and Visual C# 1 1.1 Introduction 2 1.2 Microsoft's Windows® Operating System 2 1.3 C# 3 1.4 The Internet and the World Wide Web 4 1.5 Extensible Markup Language (XML) 5 1.6 Microsoft's .NET 5 1.7 The .NET Framework and the Common Language Runtime 6 1.8 Test-Driving a C# Application 8 1.9 (Only Required Section of the Case Study) Software Engineering Case Study: Introduction to Object Technology and the UML 10 1.10 Wrap-Up 16 1.11 Web Resources 16 Chapter 2: Introduction to the Visual C# 2005 Express Edition IDE 18 2.1 Introduction 19 2.2 Overview of the Visual Studio 2005 IDE 19 2.3 Menu Bar and Toolbar 25 2.4 Navigating the Visual Studio 2005 IDE 27 2.5 Using Help 35 2.6 Using Visual Programming to Create a Simple Program Displaying Text and an Image 37 2.7 Wrap-Up 49 2.8 Web Resources 50 Chapter 3: Introduction to C# Applications 51 3.1 Introduction 52 3.2 A Simple C# Application: Displaying a Line of Text 52 3.3 Creating Your Simple Application in Visual C# Express 58 3.4 Modifying Your Simple C# Application 65 3.5 Formatting Text with Console.Write and Console.WriteLine 67 3.6 Another C# Application: Adding Integers 68 3.7 Memory Concepts 72 3.8 Arithmetic 73 3.9 Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators 77 3.10 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Examining the ATM Requirements Document 81 3.11 Wrap-Up 91 Chapter 4: Introduction to Classes and Objects 92 4.1 Introduction 93 4.2 Classes, Objects, Methods, Properties and Instance Variables 93 4.3 Declaring a Class with a Method and Instantiating an Object of a Class 95 4.4 Declaring a Method with a Parameter 99 4.5 Instance Variables and Properties 102 4.6 UML Class Diagram with a Property 107 4.7 Software Engineering with Properties and set and get Accessors 108 4.8 Value Types vs. Reference Types 109 4.9 Initializing Objects with Constructors 111 4.10 Floating-Point Numbers and Type decimal 113 4.11 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying the Classes in the ATM Requirements Document 120 4.12 Wrap-Up 127 Chapter 5: Control Statements: Part 1 129 5.1 Introduction 130 5.2 Control Structures 130 5.3 if Single-Selection Statement 133 5.4 if... else Double-Selection Statement 134 5.5 while Repetition Statement 137 5.6 Formulating Algorithms: Counter-Controlled Repetition 139 5.7 Formulating Algorithms: Sentinel-Controlled Repetition 143 5.8 Formulating Algorithms: Nested Control Statements 147 5.9 Compound Assignment Operators 150 5.10 Increment and Decrement Operators 151 5.11 Simple Types 154 5.12 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Class Attributes in the ATM System 154 5.13 Wrap-Up 159 Chapter 6: Control Statements: Part 2 160 6.1 Introduction 161 6.2 Essentials of Counter-Controlled Repetition 161 6.3 for Repetition Statement 163 6.4 Examples Using the for Statement 167 6.5 do... while Repetition Statement 172 6.6 switch Multiple-Selection Statement 173 6.7 break and continue Statements 181 6.8 Logical Operators 183 6.9 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: IdentifyingObjects' States and Activities in the ATM System 189 6.10 Wrap-Up 193 Chapter 7: Methods: A Deeper Look 195 7.1 Introduction 196 7.2 Packaging Code in C# 197 7.3 static Methods, static Variables and Class Math 197 7.4 Declaring Methods with Multiple Parameters 200 7.5 Notes on Declaring and Using Methods 204 7.6 Method Call Stack and Activation Records 205 7.7 Argument Promotion and Casting 206 7.8 The Framework Class Library 208 7.9 Case Study: Random-Number Generation 209 7.10 Case Study: A Game of Chance (Introducing Enumerations) 215 7.11 Scope of Declarations 219 7.12 Method Overloading 222 7.13 Recursion 225 7.14 Passing Arguments: Pass-by-Value vs. Pass-by-Reference 228 7.15 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Identifying Class Operations in the ATM System 232 7.16 Wrap-Up 239 Chapter 8: Arrays 241 8.1 Introduction 242 8.2 Arrays 242 8.3 Declaring and Creating Arrays 244 8.4 Examples Using Arrays 245 8.5 Case Study: Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation 253 8.6 foreach Statement 257 8.7 Passing Arrays and Array Elements to Methods 259 8.8 Passing Arrays by Value and by Reference 261 8.9 Case Study: Class GradeBook Using an Array to Store Grades 265 8.10 Multidimensional Arrays 271 8.11 Case Study: Class GradeBook Using a Rectangular Array 276 8.12 Variable-Length Argument Lists 281 8.13 Using Command-Line Arguments 283 8.14 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Collaboration Among Objects in the ATM System 285 8.15 Wrap-Up 293 Chapter 9: Classes and Objects: A Deeper Look 294 9.1 Introduction 295 9.2 Time Class Case Study 296 9.3 Controlling Access to Members 299 9.4 Referring to the Current Object's Members with the this Reference 300 9.5 Indexers 303 9.6 Time Class Case Study: Overloaded Constructors 306 9.7 Default and Parameterless Constructors 312 9.8 Composition 312 9.9 Garbage Collection and Destructors 316 9.10 static Class Members 317 9.11 readonly Instance Variables 322 9.12 Software Reusability 324 9.13 Data Abstraction and Encapsulation 325 9.14 Time Class Case Study: Creating Class Libraries 327 9.15 internal Access 331 9.16 Class View and Object Browser 3339.17 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Starting to Program the Classes of the ATM System 3349.18 Wrap-Up 341 Chapter 10: Object-Oriented Programming: Inheritance 342 10.1 Introduction 343 10.2 Base Classes and Derived Classes 344 10.3 protected Members 346 10.4 Relationship between Base Classes and Derived Classes 347 10.5 Constructors in Derived Classes 372 10.6 Software Engineering with Inheritance 376 10.7 Class object 378 10.8 Wrap-Up 380 Chapter 11: Polymorphism, Interfaces & Operator Overloading 381 11.1 Introduction 382 11.2 Polymorphism Examples 384 11.3 Demonstrating Polymorphic Behavior 385 11.4 Abstract Classes and Methods 388 11.5 Case Study: Payroll System Using Polymorphism 390 11.6 sealed Methods and Classes 405 11.7 Case Study: Creating and Using Interfaces 406 11.8 Operator Overloading 416 11.9 (Optional) Software Engineering Case Study: Incorporating Inheritance and Polymorphism into the ATM System 421 11.10 Wrap-Up 429 Chapter 12: Exception Handling 431 12.1 Introduction 432 12.2 Exception Handling Overview 433 12.3 Example: Divide by Zero Without Exception Handling 433 12.4 Example: Handling DivideByZeroExceptions and FormatExceptions 436 12.5 .NET Exception Hierarchy 442 12.6 finally Block 443 12.7 Exception Properties 451 12.8 User-Defined Exception Classes 456 12.9 Wrap-Up 459 Chapter 13: Graphical User Interface Concepts: Part 1 460 13.1 Introduction 461 13.2 Windows Forms 463 13.3 Event Handling 465 13.4 Control Properties and Layout 472 13.5 Labels, TextBoxes and Buttons 476 13.6 GroupBoxes and Panels 479 13.7 CheckBoxes and RadioButtons 482 13.8 PictureBoxes 490 13.9 ToolTips 492 13.10 NumericUpDown Control 495 13.11 Mouse-Event Handling 497 13.12 Keyboard-Event Handling 500 13.13 Wrap-Up 503 Chapter 14: Graphical User Interface Concepts: Part 2 504 14.1 Introduction 505 14.2 Menus 505 14.3 MonthCalendar Control 515 14.4 DateTimePicker Control 515 14.5 LinkLabel Control 519 14.6 ListBox Control 523 14.7 CheckedListBox Control 527 14.8 ComboBox Control 530 14.9 TreeView Control 534 14.10 ListView Control 540 14.11 TabControl Control 546 14.12 Multiple Document Interface (MDI) Windows 551 14.13 Visual Inheritance 559 14.14 User-Defined Controls 562 14.15 Wrap-Up 565 Chapter 15: Multithreading 567 15.1 Introduction 568 15.2 Thread States: Life Cycle of a Thread 569 15.3 Thread Priorities and Thread Scheduling 571 15.4 Creating and Executing Threads 573 15.5 Thread Synchronization and Class Monitor 576 15.6 Producer/Consumer Relationship without Thread Synchronization 578 15.7 Producer/Consumer Relationship with Thread Synchronization 585 15.8 Producer/Consumer Relationship: Circular Buffer 593 15.9 Multithreading with GUIs 601 15.10 Wrap-Up 606 Chapter 16: Strings, Characters and Regular Expressions 607 16.1 Introduction 608 16.2 Fundamentals of Characters and Strings 609 16.3 string Constructors 610 16.4 string Indexer, Length Property and CopyTo Method 611 16.5 Comparing strings 613 16.6 Locating Characters and Substrings in strings 616 16.7 Extracting Substrings from strings 618 16.8 Concatenating strings 619 16.9 Miscellaneous string Methods 619 16.10 Class StringBuilder 621 16.11 Length and Capacity Properties, EnsureCapacity Method and Indexer of Class StringBuilder 623 16.12 Append and AppendFormat Methods of Class StringBuilder 625 16.13 Insert, Remove and Replace Methods of Class StringBuilder 627 16.14 Char Methods 630 16.15 Card Shuffling and Dealing Simulation 632 16.16 Regular Expressions and Class Regex 636 16.17 Wrap-Up 646 Chapter 17: Graphics and Multimedia 647 17.1 Introduction 648 17.2 Drawing Classes and the Coordinate System 648 17.3 Graphics Contexts and Graphics Objects 650 17.4 Color Control 651 17.5 Font Control 658 17.6 Drawing Lines, Rectangles and Ovals 663 17.7 Drawing Arcs 666 17.8 Drawing Polygons and Polylines 669 17.9 Advanced Graphics Capabilities 672 17.10 Introduction to Multimedia 677 17.11 Loading, Displaying and Scaling Images 678 17.12 Animating a Series of Images 680 17.13 Windows Media Player 691 17.14 Microsoft Agent 692 17.15 Wrap-Up 706 Chapter 18: Files and Streams 707 18.1 Introduction 708 18.2 Data Hierarchy 708 18.3 Files and Streams 710 18.4 Classes File and Directory 711 18.5 Creating a Sequential-Access Text File 720 18.6 Reading Data from a Sequential-Access Text File 731 18.7 Serialization 741 18.8 Creating a Sequential-Access File Using Object Serialization 742 18.9 Reading and Deserializing Data from a Sequential-Access Text File 748 18.10 Wrap-Up 752 Chapter 19: Extensible Markup Language (XML) 753 19.1 Introduction 754 19.2 XML Basics 754 19.3 Structuring Data 757 19.4 XML Namespaces 764 19.5 Document Type Definitions (DTDs) 767 19.6 W3C XML Schema Documents 770 19.7 (Optional) Extensible Stylesheet Language and XSL Transformations 777 19.8 (Optional) Document Object Model (DOM) 786 19.9 (Optional) Schema Validation with Class XmlReader 800 19.10 (Optional) XSLT with Class XslCompiledTransform 803 19.11 Wrap-Up 806 19.12 Web Resources 806 Chapter 20: Database, SQL and ADO.NET 808 20.1 Introduction 809 20.2 Relational Databases 810 20.3 Relational Database Overview: Books Database 811 20.4 SQL 815 20.5 ADO.NET Object Model 824 20.6 Programming with ADO.NET: Extracting Information from a Database 825 20.7 Querying the Books Database 837 20.8 Programming with ADO.NET: Address Book Case Study 846 20.9 Using a DataSet to Read and Write XML 854 20.10 Wrap-Up 857 20.11 Web Resources 857 Chapter 21: ASP.NET 2.0,Web Forms andWeb Controls 859 21.1 Introduction 860 21.2 Simple HTTP Transactions 861 21.3 Multitier Application Architecture 863 21.4 Creating and Running a Simple Web-Form Example 864 21.5 Web Controls 879 21.6 Session Tracking 901 21.7 Case Study: Connecting to a Database in ASP.NET 919 21.8 Case Study: Secure Books Database Application 931 21.9 Wrap-Up 960 21.10 Web Resources 961 Chapter 22: Web Services 962 22.1 Introduction 963 22.2 .NET Web Services Basics 964 22.3 Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) 971 22.4 Publishing and Consuming Web Services 973 22.5 Session Tracking in Web Services 989 22.6 Using Web Forms and Web Services 1003 22.7 User-Defined Types in Web Services 1011 22.8 Wrap-Up 1021 22.9 Web Resources 1021 Chapter 23: Networking: Streams-Based Sockets and Datagrams 1022 23.1 Introduction 1023 23.2 Connection-Oriented vs. Connectionless Communication 1024 23.3 Protocols for Transporting Data 1024 23.4 Establishing a Simple TCP Server (Using Stream Sockets) 1025 23.5 Establishing a Simple TCP Client (Using Stream Sockets) 1027 23.6 Client/Server Interaction with Stream-Socket Connections 1027 23.7 Connectionless Client/Server Interaction with Datagrams 1038 23.8 Client/Server Tic-Tac-Toe Using a Multithreaded Server 1043 23.9 WebBrowser Control 1058 23.10 .NET Remoting 1061 23.11 Wrap-Up 1073 Chapter 24: Data Structures 1074 24.1 Introduction 1075 24.2 Simple-Type structs, Boxing and Unboxing 1075 24.3 Self-Referential Classes 1076 24.4 Linked Lists 1078 24.5 Stacks 1090 24.6 Queues 1094 24.7 Trees 1098 24.8 Wrap-Up 1112 Chapter 25: Generics 1114 25.1 Introduction 1115 25.2 Motivation for Generic Methods 1116 25.3 Generic Method Implementation 1118 25.4 Type Constraints 1120 25.5 Overloading Generic Methods 1123 25.6 Generic Classes 1124 25.7 Notes on Generics and Inheritance 1133 25.8 Wrap-Up 1133 Chapter 26: Collections 1134 26.1 Introduction 1135 26.2 Collections Overview 1136 26.3 Class Array and Enumerators 1138 26.4 Non-Generic Collections 1142 26.5 Generic Collections 1153 26.6 Synchronized Collections 1160 26.7 Wrap-Up 1161 Appendix A: Operator Precedence Chart 1162 Appendix B: Number Systems 1164 B.1 Introduction 1165 B.2 Abbreviating Binary Numbers as Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers 1168 B.3 Converting Octal and Hexadecimal Numbers to Binary Numbers 1169 B.4 Converting from Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal to Decimal 1169 B.5 Converting from Decimal to Binary, Octal or Hexadecimal 1170 B.6 Negative Binary Numbers: Two's Complement Notation 1172 Appendix C: Using the Visual Studio® 2005 Debugger 1174 C.1 Introduction 1175 C.2 Breakpoints and the Continue Command 1175 C.3 The Locals and Watch Windows 1180 C.4 Controlling Execution Using the Step Into, Step Over, Step Out and Continue Commands 1183 C.5 Other Features 1186 C.6 Wrap-Up 1190 Appendix D: ASCII Character Set 1191 Appendix E: Unicode® 1192 E.1 Introduction 1193 E.2 Unicode Transformation Formats 1194 E.3 Characters and Glyphs 1195 E.4 Advantages/Disadvantages of Unicode 1195 E.5 Using Unicode 1196 E.6 Character Ranges 1198 Appendix F: Introduction to XHTML: Part 1 1200 F.1 Introduction 1201 F.2 Editing XHTML 1201 F.3 First XHTML Example 1202 F.4 W3C XHTML Validation Service 1205 F.5 Headers 1206 F.6 Linking 1208 F.7 Images 1210 F.8 Special Characters and More Line Breaks 1214 F.9 Unordered Lists 1216 F.10 Nested and Ordered Lists 1218 F.11 Web Resources 1220 Appendix G: Introduction to XHTML: Part 2 1221 G.1 Introduction 1222 G.2 Basic XHTML Tables 1222 G.3 Intermediate XHTML Tables and Formatting 1225 G.4 Basic XHTML Forms 1227 G.5 More Complex XHTML Forms 1230 G.6 Internal Linking 1237 G.7 Creating and Using Image Maps 1240 G.8 meta Elements 1243 G.9 frameset Element 1245 G.10 Nested framesets 1249 G.11 Web Resources 1251 Appendix H: HTML/XHTML Special Characters 1252 Appendix I: HTML/XHTML Colors 1253 Appendix J: ATM Case Study Code 1256 J.1 ATM Case Study Implementation 1256 J.2 Class ATM 1257 J.3 Class Screen 1263 J.4 Class Keypad 1264 J.5 Class CashDispenser 1264 J.6 Class DepositSlot 1266 J.7 Class Account 1266 J.8 Class BankDatabase 1269 J.9 Class Transaction 1271 J.10 Class BalanceInquiry 1273 J.11 Class Withdrawal 1274 J.12 Class Deposit 1278 J.13 Class ATMCaseStudy 1281 J.14 Wrap-Up 1281 Appendix K: UML 2: Additional Diagram Types 1283 K.1 Introduction 1283 K.2 Additional Diagram Types 1283 Appendix L: Simple Types 1285 Index 1287