Thomas SmallwoodThomas Smallwood (1801-1883) was born into slavery near Washington, D.C., purchased his freedom, educated himself and became a shoemaker. In the early 1840s, he organized an underground railroad operation that freed more than 200 people from slavery in the Washington-Baltimore region, while writing satirical newspaper dispatches about the escapes under a pseudonym. In his newspaper pieces, he gave the underground railroad its name. When the local police caught on, Smallwood made his own daring escape to Toronto, Canada, where he started a business manufacturing saws and published a short memoir in 1851. He never returned to the United States. Read More Read Less