E. S. RussellEdward Stuart Russell OBE FLS (March 25, 1887 – August 24, 1954) was a Scottish biologist and biologist philosopher. Russell was born in the vicinity of Glasgow. He attended Greenock Academy and then Glasgow University, where he studied under Sir Graam Kerr and worked with J. Arthur Thompson following graduation. He was motivated by his buddy Patrick Geddes and explored holistic concepts in his zoological research. He was also a firm believer in Lamarckian heredity. He worked aboard research vessels and published on the biology of cephalopods as well as quantitative approaches for acquiring fishing data. He also served as a Scottish Fisheries specialist, an Inspector of Fisheries, and a government advisor. He founded the Journal du Conceil (now the ICES Journal of Marine Science). For almost fifteen years, he was an honorary lecturer in animal behavior at University College London. In 1934, he was elected President of the British Association's Zoology Section. He was President of the Linnean Society from 1940 to 1942. He died of heart failure at the age of 67 in Hastings, East Sussex. Russell advocated for holism and organicism. He was a critic of the modern synthesis, presenting his own evolutionary theory that combined developmental biology and heredity while criticizing Mendelian inheritance. Karl Ernst von Baer and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe influenced him. Read More Read Less