Andrew TargowskiAndrew Targowski was engaged in the development of social computing in totalitarian Poland (INFOSTRADA and Social Security # for 38 million citizens-PESEL, 1972) and received political asylum in the U.S. during the crackdown on solidarity in 1981. He has been a professor of business information systems at Western Michigan University since 1980. He published 21 books on information technology, history, and political science (Red Fascism, 1982) in English and Polish. During the 1990s, he was a director of the TeleCITY of Kalamazoo Project, one of the first digital cities in the U.S. He investigates the role of information-communication in enterprise, economy, and civilization. He is a president of the International Society for the Comparative Study of Civilizations and a former chairman of the Advisory Council of the Information Resources Management Association (1995-2003). Read More Read Less