VLSI Circuits and Embedded Systems

Very Large-Scale Integration (VLSI) creates an integrated circuit (IC) by combining thousands of transistors into a single chip. While designing a circuit, reduction of power consumption is a great challenge. VLSI designs reduce the size of circuits which eventually reduces the power consumption of the devices. However, it increases the complexity of the digital system. Therefore, computer-aided design tools are introduced into hardware design processes. Unlike the general-purpose computer, an embedded system is engineered to manage a wide range of processing tasks. Single or multiple processing cores manage embedded systems in the form of microcontrollers, digital signal processors, field-programmable gate arrays, and application-specific integrated circuits. Security threats have become a significant issue since most embedded systems lack security even more than personal computers. Many embedded systems hacking tools are readily available on the internet. Hacking in the PDAs and modems is a pervasive example of embedded systems hacking. This book explores the designs of VLSI circuits and embedded systems. These two vast topics are divided into four parts. In the book's first part, the Decision Diagrams (DD) have been covered. DDs have extensively used Computer-Aided Design (CAD) software to synthesize circuits and formal verification. The book's second part mainly covers the design architectures of Multiple-Valued Logic (MVL) Circuits. MVL circuits offer several potential opportunities to improve present VLSI circuit designs. The book's third part deals with Programmable Logic Devices (PLD). PLDs can be programmed to incorporate a complex logic function within a single IC for VLSI circuits and Embedded Systems. The fourth part of the book concentrates on the design architectures of Complex Digital Circuits of Embedded Systems. As a whole, from this book, core researchers, academicians, and students will get the complete picture of VLSI Circuits and Embedded Systems and their applications.

Table of Contents:
Part-1: Decision Diagrams (DDs) Chapter 1: Shared Multi-Terminal Binary Decision Diagrams Chapter 2: Multiple-Output Functions Chapter 3: Shared Multiple-Valued DDs for Multiple-Output Functions Chapter 4: Heuristics to Minimize Multiple-Valued DDs Chapter 5: TDM Realizations of Multiple-Output Functions Chapter 6: Multiple-Output Switching Functions Part-2: An Overview About Design Architectures of Multiple-Valued Circuits Chapter 7: Multiple-Valued Flip-Flops using Pass Transistor Logic Chapter 8: Voltage-Mode Pass Transistor-based Multi-Valued Multiple-Output Logic Circuits Chapter 9: Multiple-Valued Input Binary-Valued Output Functions Chapter 10: Digital Fuzzy Operations using Multi-Valued Fredkin Gates Chapter 11: Multiple-Valued Multiple-Output Logic Expressions using LUT Part-3: Programmable Logic Devices Chapter 12: LUT-Based Matrix Multiplication Using Neural Networks Chapter 13: Easily Testable PLAs using Pass Transistor Logic Chapter 14: Genetic Algorithm for Input Assignment for Decoded-PLAs Chapter 15: FPGA-based Multiplier using LUT Merging Theorem Chapter 16: Look-Up Table-based Binary Coded Decimal Adder Chapter 17: Place and Route Algorithm for Field Programmable Gate Array Chapter 18: LUT-based BCD Multiplier Design Chapter 19: LUT-based Matrix Multiplier Circuit using Pigeonhole Principle Chapter 20: BCD Adder using a LUT-based Field Programmable Gate Array Chapter 21: Generic Complex Programmable Logic Device Board Chapter 22: FPGA-based Programmable Logic Controller Part-IV: Design Architectures of Advanced Digital Circuits Chapter 23: Parallel Computation of Quotients and Partial Remainders to Design Divider Circuits Chapter 24: Synthesis of Boolean Functions using TANT Networks Chapter 25: Asymmetric High Radix Signed Digital Adder using Neural Networks Chapter 26: Wrapper/TAM Co-Optimization and Constrained Test Scheduling for SOCs using Rectangle Bin Packing Chapter 27: Static Random Access Memory using Memristor Chapter 28: A Fault Tolerant Approach to Microprocessor Design Chapter 29: Applications of VLSI Circuits and Embedded Systems