Structures Under Shock and Impact

Many researchers are actively involved in the study of shock and impact behaviour of structures. There is therefore a continual need for a forum where they can exchange information and ideas on blast loading of structures, penetration mechanics, collision mechanics and the high speed straining of materials. The Structures under Shock and Impact (SUSI) series of conferences have formed a highly successful response to this need. This book contains most of the papers presented at the fifth Structures under Shock and Impact (SUSI) conference which was held at the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece in June 1998. The papers included reflect a broad range of applications and are divided under the following headings: Structures under Blast and Explosive Shock, Buried Structures under Explosions, Structural Crashworthiness and Energy Absorbing Systems, Dynamic Behaviour of Structures, Full and Scale-Model Testing, Interaction between Analytical and Experimental Research, Seismic Engineering Applications, Material Response to High Rate Loading, Behaviour of Steel and Composite Structures, and Behaviour of Concrete Material and Structures.

Table of Contents:
KEYNOTE ADDRESSES Blast mitigation technologies: developments and numerical considerations for behavior assessment and design; A geometric approach for dynamic buckling of autonomous lumped mass systems under impact. SECTION 1: STRUCTURES UNDER BLAST AND EXPLOSIVE SHOCK Risk analysis of industrial structures due to chemical explosions; Shock wave load of window glass plate structure and hypothesis of its failure; New architectural forms to reduce the effects of blast waves and fragments on structures; Blast-resistant structural steel connections. SECTION 2: BURIED STRUCTURES UNDER EXPLOSIONS Trenching by explosives nearby an existing pipeline: charge size charts; Strength analysis of buried pipes under explosive loads; Determination of buried structure loads due to blast explosions. SECTION 3: STRUCTURAL CRASHWORTHINESS AND ENERGY ABSORBING SYSTEMS Reusable roadside impact attenuation devices; Impact of ice loads on pile structures and deformation; Effects of cutouts on static and dynamic behaviour of square aluminium extrusions; Crushing of square aluminium extrusions with aluminium foam filler - numerical analyses; The effect of induced imperfections on the formation of the first lobe of symmetric progressive buckling of thin-walled square tubes; Crashworthiness of foam-cored sandwich panels with GRP inserts. SECTION 4: DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF STRUCTURES Developments in the prediction of dynamic collapse; Testing and analysis of elastic-plastic pinned beams under impulsive loading; Stress wave effects on the dynamic axial buckling of cylindrical shells under impact; Dynamic load factor in composite highway bridges; Effects of bulk liquid on the dynamic characteristics of a thin walled cylindrical tank by finite element analysis and experimental modal analysis; Numerical analysis of damped oscillations using modified finite integral method. SECTION 5: FULL AND SCALE-MODEL TESTING Testing and simulation of manufacture of metal machine components using exposive welding; Development and applications of a new pulse pressure loading test rig; Calibration of piezoelectric pressure and acceleration transducers; Development of a test facility to simulate pyroshock environments in laboratory. SECTION 6: INTERACTION BETWEEN ANALYTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH Target strength effects on the predicted threshold velocity for hemi- and ogival-nose penetrators perforating finite aluminium targets; Vibrations of viscoplastic plates under impact load; Investigation of the buckling of elastic composite rings under internal blast loading; EBlast - an emergency blast system expert; Orbital debris impacts against spacecraft multiple shields: comparison of hypervelocity experiments and hydrocode simulations; Render-safe impact dynamics of the M557 fuze; Blast and foreign object damage to plate structures using testing and simulations. SECTION 7: SEISMIC ENGINEERING APPLICATIONS Impact of neighbour building parts in case of earthquake; Seismic response of two adjacent non-symmetric multistory buildings; The seismic performance of precast columns using high strength concrete and post-inserted main reinforcement; Calibration of a numerical model for the simulation of masonry under earthquake loading; Extended and localized vibration modes of groups of modular buildings excited by ground motions or blasts. SECTION 8: MATERIAL RESPONSE TO HIGH RATE LOADING - 8.1 COMPOSITE LAMINATES Micromechanics based modeling of damage in composites under high velocity impact - a review; Underwater shock wave loading on wood. 8.2 BRITTLE MATERIALS RESPONSE - Modeling of shock and impact behaviours of aluminium oxide; A test for the rate effect on concrete fracture energy; Effects of strain rate on concrete strength subjected to impact load - Dynamic compressive strength task by Split Hopkinson pressure bar method; Dynamic strain softening of concrete in compression under rapid loading; Hard impact testing of confined concrete cylinders; Issues in the numerical simulation of strain-rate and pressure sensitive cementitious granular materials; Advances for modelling of geological materials. 8.3 DEFORMATION AND FRACTURE UNDER IMPACT LOADING - Scaling issues in dynamic fragmentation; Impact effect due to pavement irregularities on the dynamic response of bridges; Testing with the torsional split Hopkinson bar at strain rates above 10,000 1/s; The role of complex microstructures on high rate loading response; On predicting and modelling material under impact loading; On the use of the symmetric Taylor test to evaluate dynamic ductile compression fracture properties of metals; Numerical simulation of composite structures under impact. 8.4 SHOCK WAVE PHENOMENA - ALEGRA - code validation: experiments and simulations; Behaviour of a quartzite submitted to a spherical divergent shock-wave: experiments and modelling; The influence of the crack tip plastic zone strain hardening on the metal High Cycle Fatigue behaviour; A strain history dependent model for concrete; High speed metal forming of circular disks and cylindrical tubes in a liquid shock tube. SECTION 9: BEHAVIOUR OF STEEL AND COMPOSITE STRUCTURES Ballistic impact on ceramic/composite armours; An experimental set-up used in ballistic penetration; The residual life of battle damaged bridges. SECTION 10: BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE MATERIAL AND STRUCTURES Testing and evaluation of out-of-plane strength of unreinforced masonry infills; Dynamic behaviour of prestressed concrete beams under rapid speed loading; 3D dynamic analysis and computer graphics application to impact failure simulation for reinforced concrete slabs; Experimental studies on the inelastic behaviour of reinforced concrete panels under high-speed loading: effects of dynamic loading; Experimental studies on the inelastic behaviour of reinforced concrete panels under high-speed loading: effects of rebar ratio and lap splices; On the concrete material response to explosive loading - numerical simulations; Validation of a viscodamage model for the dynamic behaviour of concrete; Computed redial stresses in a concrete target penetrated by a steel projectile; Modern geopenetrators and relevant revision of concrete penetration models; Impulsive loading on reinforced concrete slabs - modelling considerations.