Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System

Written by James Watkins, an authority on functional anatomy, Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System, Second Edition, integrates anatomy and biomechanics to describe the intimate relationship between the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system. This unique reference thoroughly explores the biomechanical characteristics of musculoskeletal components and the response and adaptation of these components to the physical stress imposed by everyday activities. Following a systematic approach, Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System describes -the basic composition and function of the musculoskeletal system; -mechanical concepts and principles that underlie human movement; -functional anatomy of the skeletal, connective tissue, articular, and neuromuscular systems; -mechanical characteristics of musculoskeletal components; -structural adaptation of musculoskeletal components; and -the etiology of musculoskeletal disorders and injuries. Also available as an e-book, the second edition of Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System features nearly 700 detailed, full-color illustrations showing key structures and biomechanical properties of the musculoskeletal system. Elementary biomechanical concepts are incorporated throughout the text, offering readers a more integrated understanding of how forces are created and relayed by the components of the musculoskeletal system. The second edition of Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System also includes new information on the effects of aging on muscle function as well as a new appendix with illustrations of each muscle group and tables detailing the origin, insertion, and action of individual muscles. In addition, several new case studies illustrate the response and adaptation of the musculoskeletal system to exercise at various ages and in various situations. These case studies present current research and how the findings can be put to practical use in physical activity, competitive sport, rehabilitation, and activities of daily living. Students new to anatomy or biomechanics will benefit from the book's reader-friendly structure featuring applied examples, summaries, review questions, references, an extensive subject index, and a glossary that runs parallel to the text. Learning objectives at the beginning of each chapter identify the key topics, and interesting facts and key points are set off within highlight boxes throughout the text. Highlighted introductory figures assist readers in understanding content as they refer to a sequence of subsequent figures while reading the text. Plus, nearly all the images from the text are included in an image bank that is free to instructors who adopt the text. Structure and Function of the Musculoskeletal System, Second Edition, offers readers a clear conception of how the components of the musculoskeletal system coordinate to produce movement and continuously adapt their structure to the strain of everyday physical activity as well as the effects of aging. Illustrated with full-color detail, this unique resource will assist both future and current professionals in the diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders by enhancing their understanding of the relationship between the structure and function of the musculoskeletal system.

Table of Contents:
Part I. Functional Anatomy of the Musculoskeletal System Chapter 1. The Musculoskeletal System Unicellular and Multicellular Organisms Cellular Organization in Multicellular Organisms Composition and Function of the Musculoskeletal System Summary Review Questions Chapter 2. The Skeleton Terminology Axial Skeleton Appendicular Skeleton Summary Review Questions Chapter 3. Connective Tissues Functions of Connective Tissues Ordinary Connective Tissues Cartilage Bone Summary Review Questions Chapter 4. The Articular System Structural Classification of Joints Joint Movements Stability-Flexibility Classification of Joints Synovial Joint Classification Flexibility, Stability, and Laxity in Synovial Joints Summary Review Questions Chapter 5. Joints of the Axial Skeleton Joints Between the Vertebrae Degeneration and Damage in the Vertebral Column Normal Shape of the Vertebral Column Abnormal Curvature of the Vertebral Column Joints of the Pelvis Summary Review Questions Chapter 6. Joints of the Appendicular Skeleton Joints and Joint Complexes Shoulder Complex Elbow Complex Wrist Complex Hip Joint Knee Complex Rearfoot Complex Summary Review Questions Chapter 7. The Neuromuscular System Nervous System Skeletal Muscle Structure Muscle Fiber Structure and Function Kinesthetic Sense and Proprioception Mechanical Characteristics of Musculotendinous Units Muscle Architecture and Function Stretch-Shorten Cycle Summary Review Questions Part II. Musculoskeletal Response and Adaptation to Loading Chapter 8. Elementary Biomechanics Mechanics and Biomechanics Center of Gravity Stability Center of Pressure Vector and Scalar Quantities Moment of a Force Levers Summary Review Questions Chapter 9. Forces in Muscles and Joints Selective Recruitment of Motor Units to Match Functional Requirements Forces Acting on the Head in Upright Postures Moment of External Forces Versus the Magnitude of Internal Forces Forces About the Hip Joint in One-Leg Stance Effect of Squat and Stoop Postures on Forces in the Lumbar Region Swing and Stabilization Components of Muscle Force Summary Review Questions Chapter 10. Mechanical Characteristics of Musculoskeletal Components Stress - Strain Relationships in Solids Work, Strain Energy, and Kinetic Energy Viscosity and Viscoelasticity Active and Passive Loading Impact and Shock Summary Review Questions Chapter 11. Structural Adaptation of the Musculoskeletal System Adaptation Biopositive and Bionegative Effects of Loading Response and Adaptation of Musculoskeletal Components to Loading Summary Review Questions Chapter 12. Etiology of Musculoskeletal Disorders and Injuries Kinetic Chain Compensatory Movements Risk Factors for Musculoskeletal Disorders Summary Review Questions