Speech and Audio Coding for Wireless and Network Applications

Speech and Audio Coding for Wireless and Network Applications contains 34 chapters, loosely grouped into six topical areas. The chapters in this volume reflect the progress and present the state of the art in low-bit-rate speech coding, primarily at bit rates from 2.4 kbit/s to 16 kbit/s. Together they represent important contributions from leading researchers in the speech coding community. Speech and Audio Coding for Wireless and Network Applications contains contributions describing technologies that are under consideration as standards for such applications as digital cellular communications (the half-rate American and European coding standards). A brief Introduction is followed by a section dedicated to low-delay speech coding, a research direction which emerged as a result of the CCITT requirement for a universal low-delay 16 kbit/s speech coding technology and now continues with the objective of achieving toll quality with moderate delay at a rate of 8 kbit/s. A section on the important topic of speech quality evaluation is then presented. This is followed by a section on speech coding for wireless transmission, and a section on audio coding which covers not only 7 kHz bandwidth speech, but also wideband coding applicable to high fidelity music. The book concludes with a section on speech coding for noisy transmission channels, followed by a section addressing future research directions. Speech and Audio Coding for Wireless and Network Applications presents a cross-section of the key contributions in speech and audio coding which have emerged recently. For this reason, the book is a valuable reference for all researchers and graduate students in the speech coding community.

Table of Contents:
II Low Delay Speech Coding.- 1. High Quality Low-Delay Speech Coding at 12 kb/s.- 2. Low Delay Speech Coder at 8 kbit/s with Conditional Pitch Prediction.- 3. Low Delay Coding of Speech and Audio Using Nonuniform Band Filter Banks.- 4. 8 kb/s Low-Delay CELP Coding of Speech.- 5. Lattice Low Delay Vector Excitation for 8 kb/s Speech Coding.- III Speech Quality.- 6. Subjective Assessment Methods for the Measurement of Digital Speech Coder Quality.- 7. Speech Quality Evaluation of the European, North-American and Japanese Speech Coding Standards for Digital Cellular Systems.- 8. A Comparison of Subjective Methods for Evaluating Speech Quality.- IV Speech Coding for Wireless Transmission.- 9. Delayed Decision Coding of Pitch and Innovation Signals in Code-Excited Linear Prediction Coding of Speech.- 10. Variable Rate Speech Coding for Cellular Networks.- 11. QCELP: A Variable Rate Speech Coder for CDMA Digital Cellular.- 12. Performance and Optimization of a GSM Half Rate Candidate.- 13. Joint Design of Multi-Stage VQ Codebooks for LSP Quantization with Applications to 4 kbit/s Speech Coding.- 14. Waveform Interpolation in Speech Coding.- V Audio Coding.- 15. A Wideband CELP Coder at 16 kbit/s for Real Time Applications.- 16. Multirate STC and Its Application to Multi-Speaker Conferencing.- 17. Low Delay Coding of Wideband Speech at 32 Kbps Using Tree Structures.- 18. A Two-Band CELP Audio Coder at 16 Kbit/s and Its Evaluation.- 19. 9.6 kbit/s ACELP Coding of Wideband Speech.- 20. High Fidelity Audio Coding with Generalized Product Code VQ.- VI Speech Coding for Noisy Transmission Channels.- 21. On Noisy Channel Quantizer Design for Unequal Error Protection.- 22. Channel Coding Schemes for the GSM Half-Rate System.- 23. Combined Source-Channel Coding of LSP Parameters UsingMulti-Stage Vector Quantization.- 24. Vector Quantization of LPC Parameters in the Presence of Channel Errors.- 25. Error Control and Index Assignment for Speech Codecs.- VII Topics in Speech Coding.- 26. Efficient Techniques for Determining and Encoding the Long Term Predictor Lags for Analysis-by-Synthesis Coders.- 27. Structured Stochastic Codebook and Codebook Adaptation for CELP.- 28. Efficient Multi-Tap Pitch Prediction for Stochastic Coding.- 29. QR Factorization in the CELP Coder.- 30. Efficient Frequency-Domain Representation of LPC Excitation.- 31. Product Code Vector Quantization of LPC Parameters.- 32. A Mixed Excitation LPC Vocoder with Frequency-Dependent Voicing Strength.- 33. Adaptive Predictive Coding with Transform Domain Quantization.- 34. Finite-State VQ Excitations for CELP Coders.- Author Index.