Progress in Botany / Fortschritte Der Botanik
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Progress in Botany / Fortschritte Der Botanik: Morphology Physiology Genetics Taxonomy Geobotany / Morphologie Physiologie Genetik Systematik Geobotanik

Progress in Botany / Fortschritte Der Botanik: Morphology Physiology Genetics Taxonomy Geobotany / Morphologie Physiologie Genetik Systematik Geobotanik

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About the Book

Der Senior unserer Herausgebergemeinschaft HEINZ ELLENBERG hat sich leider aus der Redaktion zuruckgezogen. Nach dem Tode von ERNST GXUMANN hatte er 1963 (ab Band 26) zusammen mit ERWIN BUNNING die Herausgeberschaft der "Fortschritte der Botanik" ubernommen. Seiner Aufgeschlossenheit und auch seiner Initiative ist die dann spater erfolgte Erweiterung des Herausgebergremiums und die damit verbundene inhaltliche Umgestaltung zu verdanken. In seiner nunmehr fast zwanzigjahrigen Betreuung des Abschnittes "Geobotanik" hat er dazu beigetragen, daB dieses Teilgebiet zu einer wesentlichen Saule unserer Reihe geworden ist. Herausgeber und Verlag mochten ihm fur seine Redaktionsarbeit danken und hoffen, daB Herr ELLENBERG ihnen auch weiterhin in alter Freund- schaft verbunden bleibt. An seiner Stelle . hat von diesem Band ab Herr MICHAEL RUNGE die Schriftleitung des Kapitels Geobotanik ubernommen. Die Herausgeber Contents A. MORPHOLOGY I. Cytology a) General and Molecular Cytology. By ANTHONY W. ROBARDS *** 1. Root Hairs ******************************************* 1 a) Development and Structure of Root Hairs *********** 1 b) Microbial and Other Associations with Root Hairs ** 3 2. Cytoplasmic Streaming ******************************** 6 a) General Experimental Effects on Cytoplasmic Streaming ***************************************** 7 b) Effects of Cytochalasin B on Cytoplasmic Streaming ***************************************** 8 c) Effects of Light and of Growth Regulators on Cytoplasmic Streaming ***************************** 9 d) The Role of Calcium in Cytoplasmic Streaming ****** 10 e) General Observations on Cytoplasmic Streaming ***** 11 3. Calmodulin ******************************************* 1 2 References ********************************************** 14 b) Special Cytology: Cytology and Morphogenesis of Higher Plant Cells - Phloem. By H. -D.

Table of Contents:
A. Morphology.- I. Cytology.- a) General and Molecular Cytology.- 1. Root Hairs.- a) Development and Structure of Root Hairs.- b) Microbial and Other Associations with Root Hairs.- 2. Cytoplasmic Streaming.- a) General Experimental Effects on Cytoplasmic Streaming.- b) Effects of Cytochalasin B on Cytoplasmic Streaming.- c) Effects of Light and of Growth Regulators on Cytoplasmic Streaming.- d) The Role of Calcium in Cytoplasmic Streaming.- e) General Observations on Cytoplasmic Streaming.- 3. Calmodulin.- References.- b) Special Cytology; Cytology and Morphogenesis of Higher Plant Cells - Phloem.- 1. Flowering Plants.- a) Sieve Elements.- ?) Cell wall, microtubules, plasmalemma, plasmatic connections, sieve pores.- ?) Vacuole and Tonoplast.- ?) Nucleous.- ?) Plastids and Mitochondria.- ?) Endomembrane System.- ?) P (phloem)-proteins.- ?) Microfilaments.- b) Companion Cells and Phloem-Parenchyma Cells.- c) Fibers and Other Elements of Phloem.- d) Phloem Regeneration After Wounding and Host- Parasite Contact Between Vascular Plants.- ?) Phloem Regeneration.- ?) Host-Parasite Contact.- e) Effects of Viruses, Mycoplasmas and Other Agents on Phloem Structure and Differentiation.- 2. Conifers and Other Gymnospermae.- a) Sieve Cells.- b) Strasburger Cells.- c) Ferns and Fern Allies.- d) Mosses and Liverworts.- e) Algae.- References.- II. Morphologie und Anatomie der hoheren Pflanzen.- a. Vergleichende Morphologie des Vegetationskorpers.- 1. Allgemeines.- 2. Meristeme.- a) Spro?scheitelmeristeme.- b) Randmeristeme.- c) Wurzelmeristeme.- d). Anlegung der Leitbiindelsysteme.- 3. Blattorgane.- 4. Verzweigung und Wuchsformen.- a) Allgemeines.- b) Fame.- c) Dikotyle Baume.- d) Straucher und Krauter bei Dikotylen.- e) Monokotylen.- 5. Wurzeln.- Literatur.- b. Reproductive Structures of the Flowering Plants.- 1. General, Textbooks.- 2. Flowers.- a) Initiation, Ontogeny, Phyllotaxis, Symmetry.- b) Perianth.- c) Androecium.- d) Gynoecium.- e) Systematic and Evolutionary Aspects.- ?) Fossil Flowers.- ?) Recent Groups.- 3. Fruits and Seeds.- 4. Inflorescences.- 5. Methods.- References.- B. Physiology.- I. Phloem Loading and Unloading.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Transfer of Solute to the Sieve Tube.- 3. Uptake of Solute by the Sieve Tube.- 4. Long-distance Transport of Solutes.- 5. Unloading of Solutes.- 6. Conclusions.- References.- II. Mineral Nutrition: Salinity.- 1. Present Demand and Support.- 2. Salt Exclusion and Inclusion on the Root and Whole-Plant Levels.- 3. Salt Elimination by Salt Hairs and Salt Glands.- 4. Tissue Culture.- References.- III. Photosynthesis. Photosystems in Green Plants and Green Bacteria.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Oxygen Evolution.- a) The Reaction Center of Photosystems II.- b) Architecture of the Photosynthetic Apparatus in Chloroplasts in Relation to Electron Transport.- c) The Role of Manganese in Oxygen Evolution.- d) Protein Constituents.- 3. Charge Separation and Electron Transport in Green Bacteria.- a) Chlorobiaceae.- b) Chlorolexaceae (gliding green bacteria).- c) Conclusion.- References.- IV. Metabolism of Inorganic Nitrogen Compounds.- 1. Nitrogen Fixation.- a). N2-Fixation by Free-Living Microorganisms.- b) Symbiotic N2-Fixation.- 2. Nitrate Reduction.- a) Assimilatory Nitrate Reduction.- b) Dissimilatory Nitrate Reduction.- 3. Nitrification.- References.- V. Secondary Plant Substances. Aspects of Carotenoid Biosynthesis.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Formation of Phytoene.- 3. Desaturation of Phytoene.- 4. Cyclization and Formation of Xanthophylls.- 5. Enzymology.- 6. Carotenoid Biosynthesis and Light.- 7. Unusual Carotenoids.- References.- VI. Growth.- 1. General Reviews.- 2. Gibberellins.- a) Chemistry.- b) Methods of Isolation and Determination.- c) Occurence.- d) Biosynthesis and Metabolism.- e) Action.- ?) Gibberellin--Induced Elongation.- ?) Gibberellin Action in the Aleurone Layer.- 3. Brassinolide.- 4. Triacontanol.- 5. Cytokinins.- a) Chemistry and Analytical Methods.- b) Occurrence.- ?) Cytokinins in Tumors.- ?) Cytokinins in Nontransformed Tissues.- ?) Cytokinin-active Nucleotides in tRNA.- ?) Synthetic Cytokinins.- c) Biogenesis and Metabolism.- d) Action.- ?) The Quest for Receptors.- ?) Effects on Membranes and Ion Fluxes.- ?) Effects on DNA, RNA, and Protein Synthesis.- References.- C. Genetics.- I. Replication.- 1. Introduction.- 2. DNA Polymerases.- 3. Regulation of Initiation.- 4. Differential DNA Replication.- 5. DNA Replication and Chromatin Structure.- References.- II. Recombination, New and Classical Approaches at the Higher Plant Level.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Asexual Recombination.- a) Somaclonal Variation '.- b) Transfer of Genetic Information.- ?) Somatic Hybridization.- ?) Gene Transfer by Vectors.- ?) Research on Controlling Elements.- c) Sister Chromatid Exchange.- 3. Sexual Recombination.- a) Recombination During Classical Breeding in Cereals.- b) Situation in Interspecific Hybrids.- c) Mapping of Other Crops.- References.- III. Mutation: Higher Plants.- 1. Methods for Inducing Gene Mutations and Chromosome Aberrations.- a) Mutagenic Chemicals.- b) The Response of Mutagens to Other Substances.- 2. Gene Mutations.- 3. Chromosome Mutations.- a) Translocations in Natural Populations.- b) Experimentally Produced Translocations.- 4. Genome Mutations.- a. Methods for Inducing Polyploidy.- b. Natural Autopolyploids.- c. The Genomic Constitution of Allopolyploid Species.- d. Experimentally Produced Allopolyploids.- e. Trisomies and Related Forms.- f. Haploids and Polyhaploids.- References.- IV. Function of Genetic Material: Genetics of Proteins and Nucleic Acids in Flowering Plants.- 1. Function of Genes Coding for Enzymes.- a). Alcohol Dehydrogenase.- b). Other Enzymes.- c). Enzyme Regulation and Metabolism.- 2. Genetics of Nonenzymatic Plant Proteins.- a) Actin Gene of a Higher Plant.- b) Leghemoglobins of Legumes.- c) Zein Storage Protein.- d) Wheat Endosperm Proteins.- d) Storage Proteins in Legume Seeds.- 3. Genetics of Nucleic Acids.- a) Ribosomal RNA.- b) Messenger RNA.- c) Transfer RNA and Aminoacyl tRNA Synthase.- References.- V. Extranuclear Inheritance: Plastid Genetics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. New Nomenclature of Plastid Genes.- 3. New Data on Physical Mapping of Plastid Genes (1981-1983).- a) General and Evolutionary Aspects.- b) Physical Mapping of Plastid Protein Genes.- c) Physical Mapping of rRNA and tRNA Genes.- 4. Sequencing, of Plastid Genes.- a) Sequencing of Protein Genes "...- b) Sequencing of rRNA and tRNA Genes.- 5. Introns and Gene Overlapping.- a) Introns in Plastid Genes.- b) Overlapping Genes.- 6. Expression of Plastid Genes in Escherichia coli Cells.- 7. Hybrid Variegation in Higher Plants.- References.- VI. Population Genetics.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Enzyme Polymorphism.- a) Some Problems in Assessing the Amount Genetic Variation.- ?) Cryptic Variation.- ?) Null Alleles.- ?) Pseudopolymorphism.- ?) Developmental Expression of Isozyme Pattern.- b) Breeding Structure.- c) The Causes of Evolutionary Change.- ?) Mutation.- ?) Migration.- ?) Drift.- ?) Selection.- d) Multilocus Associations.- e) Polygenic Inheritance.- f) Varying Environments.- g). Geographic Variation.- 3. Selection Components and Demography.- 4. Coevolution.- a) Host-Parasite Interactions.- b) Competition.- References.- D. Taxonomy.- I. Evolution and Classification of Seed Plants.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Problems of Classification.- a) Phytogenetics, Phenetics, and Classification.- ?) Cladistic Approaches.- ?) Numerical Phenetics.- ?) Final Decisions.- b) Data Banks.- c) Critique of Higher Order Systematics.- 3. Morphology.- a) General Aspects.- b) Vegetative Structures Including Anatomy and Micromorphology.- c) Floral Characters.- d) Palynology and Embryology.- 4. Karyology and Cytogenetics.- 5. Chemical Systematics.- a) Phytochemical Evidence.- b) Interpretation of Chemical Data.- c) Flower Color Evolution.- d) Ecological Significance of Secondary Compounds...- 6. Evolution.- a) Populations and Species.- ?) Patterns of Variation.- ?) Gene Flow and Mating Systems.- ?) Divergence of Populations.- ?) Hybridization.- ?) Evolution Within Apomictic Groups.- ?) Further Studies Within Larger Groups.- b) Sexual Differentiation and Pollination System.- c) Dispersal and Realted Plant-Animal Interactions.- ?) Dispersal Anachronisms.- ?) Interaction with Frugivores.- ?) Interactions with Ants.- d) Diversity and Rarity.- e) Ecological Aspects.- f) Geographical Aspects.- ?) Disjunctions.- ?) Exemplary Studies.- 7. Plants and Man.- 8. Origin of Angiosperms.- 9. Evolution and Classification of Larger Groups.- a) Gymnosperms.- b) Angiosperms, General Aspects.- c) Monocotyledons.- d) Leguminosae.- 10. Seed Plant Systematics on the Family Level and Below.- References.- II. Palaobotanik.- 1. Allgemeines.- 2. Thallophyta.- 3. Bryophyta.- 4. Psilophyta.- 5. Lycophyta.- 6. Sphenophyta.- 7. Filicophyta.- 8. Pteridospermae.- 9. Cycadophyta.- 10. Ginkgophyta.- 11. Coniferophyta.- 12. Angiospermae.- Literatur.- E. Geobotany.- I. Areal- und Florenkunde (Floristische Geobotanik).- 1. Forschungstrends.- 2. Zusammenfassende Darstellungen.- 3. Floristische Grundlagen.- a) Neufunde.- b) Floren des mediterran-orientalischen Gebietes.- c) Floren von Nordamerika.- d) Floren von Mittel- und Sudamerika.- 4. Kartierung.- 5. Florenvergleich und Florengebietsgliederung mit numerischen Methoden.- a) Florenvergleich.- b) Florengebietsgliederung mit Computer.- c) Konventionelle Florengebietsgliederungen.- d) Numerische Methoden und Vikarianz-Biogeographie.- 6. Rekonstruktion der Ausbreitungsgeschichte (Chorogenese).- a) Ursprungszentren, Bruckenwanderung und Ferntransport.- b) Palaogeographie und Arealentwicklung.- c) Glaziale Arealveranderungen in den Tropen.- d) Arealentwicklung der sommergrunen Laubwaldpflanzen.- e) Eiszeit-Uberdauerung auf Nunatakkern.- f) Karyogeographische Beitrage zur Arealentwicklung.- Literatur.- II. Vegetation Science (Sociological Geobotany).- 1. Fundamental Perspectives, Books, Monographs and Bibliographies.- 2. General Results and Methods.- a) Theoretical Foundations of Community Structure.- b) Life Forms and Vegetation.- c) Vegetation and Herb ivory.- d) Island Vegetation and Isolated Plant Community Stands.- 3. Vegetation Mapping.- 4. Arctic Vegetation.- 5. Boreal and Temperate Vegetation: Recent Changes.- a) Anthropogenic Changes in Boreal Vegetation.- b) Changing European Aquatic and Littoral Vegetation.- c) Temperate Urban Vegetation.- 6. Temperate and Meridional Forest Vegetation.- a) Deciduous Forests of Eastern North America.- b) Meridional and Temperate Forests in Japan.- 7. Tropical Vegetation.- a) Tropical Rain Forests.- b) Mangrove Vegetation.- References.- III. Ecosystem Research (Ecological Geobotany).- 1. General.- 2. Productivity.- a) Photosynthesis 3.- ?) Modelling.- ?) Carbon Fixation Pathways.- ?) Relations to Environmental Factors.- ?) Leaf Area Index and Chlorophyll Content.- b) Respiration.- c) Carbon Cycle.- d) Biomass and Net Primary Production.- ?) Algae and Aquatic Ecosystems 3.- ?) Fungi, Lichens and Mosses and Their Communities.- ?) Herbs and Grasses in Different Ecosystems, Mainly Grasslands.- ?) Woody Plants and Forest Ecosystems.- ?) Methods.- 3. Energy and Water Balance.- a) Energy Content.- b) Energy Flow and Allocation.- ?) Energy Efficiency.- ?) Biomass and Energy Allocation.- c) Transpiration and Water Cycle.- d) Radiation Balance.- 4) Mineral Cycle.- a) General.- b). Litter Fall.- c) Decomposition.- ?) General and Methods.- ?) Grasslands and Herb Communities.- ?) Forest Ecosystems.- d) Mineral Cycle.- ?) General.- ?) Aquatic Ecosystems.- ?) Grasslands and Herb Communities.- ?) Forest Ecosystems.- 5. Ecosystems Development.- a). Succession.- ?) Forest Succession.- ?) Fire Succession.- ?) Old-Field Succession.- ?) Other Ecosystems.- b) Stability and Man's Influence on Ecosystem Structure and Processes.- ?) Grazing and Trampling Effects.- ?) Effects of Acid Precipitation.- ?) Heavy Metals and Other Chemical Factors.- References.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9783540129974
  • Publisher: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. KG
  • Publisher Imprint: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
  • Edition: Bilingual edition
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 825 gr
  • ISBN-10: 3540129979
  • Publisher Date: 01 Dec 1983
  • Binding: Hardback
  • Language: engger
  • Sub Title: Morphology Physiology Genetics Taxonomy Geobotany / Morphologie Physiologie Genetik Systematik Geobotanik


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