Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) with a Touch of SDN
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Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) with a Touch of SDN

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) with a Touch of SDN

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About the Book

Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) will drive dramatic cost reductions while also accelerating service delivery. Using NFV with SDN, network owners can provision new functions rapidly on demand, improve scalability, and leverage microservices. Benefits like these will make NFV indispensable for service providers, mobile operators, telcos, and enterprises alike.   Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) with a Touch of SDN is the first practical introduction to NFV’s fundamental concepts, techniques, and use cases. Written for wide audiences of network engineers, architects, planners, and operators, it assumes no previous knowledge of NFV architecture, deployment, or management.   The authors first explain how virtualization, VMs, containers, and related technologies establish the foundation for the NFV transformation. Next, they show how these concepts and technologies can be applied to virtualize network functions in the cloud, data centers, routing, security, and the mobile packet core. You’ll discover new tools and techniques for managing and orchestrating virtualized network devices, and gain new clarity on how SDN and NFV interact and interrelate. By the time you’re done, you’ll be ready to assess vendor claims, evaluate architectures, and plan NFV’s role in your own networks. Understand NFV’s key benefits and market drivers Review how virtualization makes NFV possible Consider key issues associated with NFV network design and deployment Integrate NFV into existing network designs Orchestrate, build, and deploy NFV networks and cloud services Maximize operational efficiency by building more programmable, automated networks Understand how NFV and SDN work together Address security, programmability, performance, and service function chaining Preview evolving concepts that will shape NFV’s future  

Table of Contents:
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xiii Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv About the Authors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xvii About the Technical Reviewers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xxi Chapter 1: The Journey to Network Functions Virtualization (NFV) Era . . .1     The Evolution of Network Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1         Traditional Network Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2         Introducing NFV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5     NFV Architectural Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7         Need for a Framework . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7         ETSI Framework for NFV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8         Understanding the ETSI Framework . . . . . . . . . . . 10         A Closer Look at ETSI’s NFV Framework . . . . . . . . . 13         NFV Framework Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26     Benefits of NFV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26         Hardware Flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27         Faster Service Life Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28         Scalability and Elasticity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28         Leveraging Existing Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29         Rapid Development and Vendor Independence . . . . . . . 29         Validation of New Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29         Amorphous Service Offering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29         Operational Efficiency and Agility . . . . . . . . . . . . 30     NFV Market Drivers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31         Movement to Cloud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31         New Business Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32         Capital Expense Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33         Operational Expense Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33         Barrier of Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34     Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34     References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34     Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 Chapter 2: Virtualization Concepts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37     History and Background of Virtualization . . . . . . . . . . . . 37         Virtualization Benefits and Goals . . . . . . . . . . . . 40         Server Virtualization, Network Virtualization, and NFV . . . 41         Virtualization Techniques . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45         Virtualization versus Emulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49     Virtual Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50         Components of a Virtual Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . 50         Resource Allocation to the Virtual Machine . . . . . . . . 53         Network Communication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55         Packaging a Virtual Machine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58         Commonly Used Hypervisors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62     Linux Containers and Docker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64         Understanding Containers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65         Container versus Virtual Machines . . . . . . . . . . . . 67         Application Container and OS Container . . . . . . . . . 70         Enter Docker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72         Container Packaging–Beyond Docker . . . . . . . . . . 76     Single and Multitenant Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76     Virtualization and NFV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78     Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78     References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79     Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 Chapter 3: Virtualization of Network Functions . . . . . . . . . . .83     Designing NFV Networks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83         NFV Design Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84         NFV Transformation Challenges . . . . . . . . . . . . 105     Virtualization of Network Infrastructure and Services . . . . . . . 118         NFV for Routing Infrastructure . . . . . . . . . . . . 118         Virtualization of Network Security . . . . . . . . . . . 127         Virtualization of Mobile Communication Networks . . . . 129     Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133     References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134     Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134 Chapter 4: NFV Deployment in the Cloud . . . . . . . . . . . . .137     What’s in a Cloud? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137         Characteristics of Cloud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139         Cloud-Based Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140         Cloud Deployment Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142         NFV and Cloud . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144     Revisiting ETSI Management and Orchestration Block . . . . . . 145         MANO Data Repositories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147     Orchestrating, Deploying, and Managing NFV Infrastructure . . . . 157         Hardware Virtualization Deployment Options . . . . . . . 158         Deploying Virtual Machines and Containers . . . . . . . 160         Software and Tools for NFVI Deployment . . . . . . . . 164     Introduction to OpenStack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167         So What Is OpenStack? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167         A Brief History of OpenStack . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168         OpenStack Releases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169         OpenStack Deployment Nodes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169         OpenStack Networking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183         OpenStack Deployment Nodes Revisited . . . . . . . . . 192         OpenStack High Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193         Live Migration for VNF mobility . . . . . . . . . . . . 200         Deploying OpenStack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 201         Using OpenStack as VIM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 204     Life Cycle Management of VNFs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211         VNFM Software Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213     Orchestration and Deployment of Network Services . . . . . . . 214         Cisco’s Network Service Orchestrator . . . . . . . . . . 214         Telefonica’s OpenMANO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 214         Brocade VNF Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215         Nokia’s CloudBand Network Director . . . . . . . . . . 215         Ciena’s Blue Planet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215         HP’s NFV Director . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215         Ericsson Cloud Manager . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215         OpenStack Tracker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216         RIFT.io’s RIFT.ware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216     NFV MANO and Open Source Solutions . . . . . . . . . . . . 216         Open Platform NFV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 216         Open Orchestration Project (Open-O) . . . . . . . . . . 218         Open Source MANO (OSM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218     Describing Network Service Descriptor . . . . . . . . . . . . 219         Juju Charms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219         HOT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219         TOSCA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 220     Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222     References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222     Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224 Chapter 5: Software Defined Networking (SDN) . . . . . . . . . . .227     Basic Concepts of SDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 227         What is SDN? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230         Advantages of SDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231     SDN Implementation and Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234         Introduction to SDN Controller . . . . . . . . . . . . 234         SDN Implementation Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235         SDN Protocols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238     SDN Use-Cases for Different Networking Domains . . . . . . . . 251         SDN in the Data Center (SDN DC) . . . . . . . . . . . 251         SDN in Service Provider Cloud (SP SDN) . . . . . . . . . 254         SDN in Wide-Area Networks (SD WAN) . . . . . . . . . 257         Enterprise SDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260         Transport SDN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 262     Revisiting SDN Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265         Open Source SDN Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265         Commercial SDN Controllers . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269     SDN Correlation with NFV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 273         CORD–An Example of NFV and SDN Working Together . . 276     Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 281     References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282     Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 283 Chapter 6: Stitching It All Together . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .285     Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 285     Service Function Chaining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 287         Service Chaining in a Traditional Network . . . . . . . . 288         Service Function Chaining for Cloud Scaling . . . . . . . 289         Network Service Header (NSH) . . . . . . . . . . . . 294         Other Protocols for SFC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302         Service Chaining Use Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302     How Virtual Machines Communicate . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304         Virtual Switch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 305         Single Root Input/Output Virtualization and         Sharing (SR-IOV) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306         Direct Memory Access . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 307     Enhancing vSwitch Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308         Data Plane Development Kit (DPDK) . . . . . . . . . . 309         Vector Packet Processing (VPP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 310     Data Performance Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 314         CPU Usage Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 315         Optimized Use of Memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317     Programmability in a Virtualized Network . . . . . . . . . . . 317     Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 321     References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322     Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 322 Appendix A: Answers to Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 9780134463056, TOC, 10/28/2016     


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9780134464329
  • Publisher: Pearson Education (US)
  • Publisher Imprint: Addison Wesley
  • Language: English
  • Weight: 1 gr
  • ISBN-10: 013446432X
  • Publisher Date: 14 Nov 2016
  • Binding: Digital download
  • No of Pages: 368


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