MyLab Composition with Pearson eText -- Standalone Access Card -- for The Curious Writer

The Curious Writer is an assignment-oriented  rhetoric-reader that stresses the connections between personal and academic writing. Offering a unique, entertaining, and personal author voice, The Curious Writer is sure to grab the reader's interest and motivates writing.  Also distinctive is The Curious Writer’s emphasis on inquiry as both a driving force behind the writing process and a method of discovery and learning.

Table of Contents:
Preface xxxi Acknowledgments xxxviii PART 1 THE SPIRIT OF INQUIRY 1 CHAPTER 1 WRITING AS INQUIRY 3 Motives for Writing 4 Beliefs About Writing 5   EXERCISE 1.1 What Do You Believe? 5     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Bernice’s Journal 6     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Journals 7     Unlearning Unhelpful Beliefs 7     The Beliefs of This Book 8     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Portfolios 9 Writing Situations and Rhetorical Choices 9 Habits of Mind 11     Start with Questions, Not Answers 11     Suspend Judgment 12     Search for Surprise 14   EXERCISE 1.2 A Roomful of Details 14     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Bernice’s Journal 15     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Invention Strategies 16 Writing as a Process 17   EXERCISE 1.3 What Is Your Process? 18     Thinking About Your Process 22   EXERCISE 1.4 Literacy Narrative Collage 22     Writing Creatively, Writing Critically: A Process of Writing 23   EXERCISE 1.5 Alternating Currents of Thought: Generating and Judging 25     Thinking and Writing Dialectically 26     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Organizing Your Computer Files 27     Opening Questions 29 Questions, Creativity, and Critical Thinking: A Strategy for Inquiry 30 EXERCISE 1.6 Writing with the Wrong Hand and Other Ways of Thinking About Yourself as a Writer 32 THEWRITING PROCESS 35 Inquiry Project: The Writing Literacy Memoir 35     SAMPLE STUDENT ESSAY Bernice Olivas, Writing a New path 36   EXERCISE 1.7 Taking a Reflective Turn 38 Using What You Have Learned 39   CHAPTER 2 READING AS INQUIRY 41 Motives for Reading 42 Beliefs About Reading 43   EXERCISE 2.1 What Do You Believe? 43     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Briana’s Journal 44 Reading Situations and Rhetorical Choices 45     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Briana’s Journal 47   EXERCISE 2.2 Reading Autobiography 50 Reading as a Process 51     Reading to Write 51     Goal-Directed Reading 53   EXERCISE 2.3 What Do You Know and When Did You Know It? 55     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Briana’s Journal 56     Inquiry Questions for Reading to Write 56     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Reading Perspectives 57 Reading Dialectically 61     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Visual Literacy: Reading Photographs 64   EXERCISE 2.4 Reading Creatively, Reading Critically 64     READINGS Bruce Ballenger, “The Importance of Writing Badly” 65     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Briana’s Journal 67     Read to Write and Write to Read 69 THE WRITING PROCESS 70 Inquiry Project: The Reading Literacy Memoir 70     STUDENT ESSAY Briana Duquette-Shackley, Reading Literacy Memoir 71     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS The Double-Entry Journal 73     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Encountering Unfamiliar Genres 74     Using What You Have Learned 75   PART2 INQUIRY PROJECTS 77 CHAPTER 3 WRITING A PERSONAL ESSAY 79 Writing About Experience 79 Motives for Writing a Personal Essay 80 The Personal Essay and Academic Writing 81 Features of the Form 82 READINGS83     PERSONAL ESSAY 1 Scott Russell Sanders, “Buckeye” 83 Inquiring into the Essay 88     PERSONAL ESSAY 2 Laura Zazulak, “Every Morning for Five Years” 89     Inquiring into the Essay 90     PERSONAL ESSAY 3 Judith Ortiz Cofer, “One More Lesson” 91     Inquiring into the Essay 94     SEEING THE FORM Nautilus Shell 95     WRITING IN THE DISCIPLINES The Personal Academic Essay 96     WRITING IN YOUR LIFE Essaying “This I Belive” 97 THE WRITING PROCESS 98 Inquiry Project: Writing a Personal Essay 98     Thinking About Subjects 98     Generating Ideas 98     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Margaret’s Journal 99    Listing Prompts 99    Fastwriting Prompts 99    Visual Prompts 100    Research Prompts 101     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Clustering or Mapping 101     Judging What You Have 103    What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t? 103    Questions About Purpose and Audience 103    Questions for Reflection 103     Writing the Sketch 104     STUDENT SKETCH Amanda Stewart, “Earning a Sense of Place” 105     Moving from Sketch to Draft 106    Evaluating Your Own Sketch 106    Questions for Peer Review 107    Reflecting on What You’ve Learned 107 Research and Other Strategies: Gathering More Information 107     Composing the Draft 108     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS More than One Way to Tell a Story 109    Methods of Development 110    Using Evidence 111     Workshopping the Draft 111    Reflecting on the Draft 111    Questions for Readers 111     Revising the Draft 112     Polishing the Draft 113     STUDENT ESSAY Julia C. Arredondo, “Beet Field Dreams” 114     Evaluating the Essay 116 Using What You Have Learned 117   CHAPTER 4 WRITING A PROFILE 119 Writing About People 119 Motives for Writing a Profile 120 The Profile and Academic Writing 121 Features of the Form 122 READINGS123     PROFILE 1 Sonja Livingston, “Thumb-Sucking Girl” 123     Inquiring into the Essay 123     PROFILE 2 Anonymous, “Soup” 124     Inquiring into the Essay 126     PROFILE 3 Timothy Egan, “Alfalfa Bill” 128     Inquiring into the Essay 130     PROFILE 4 Gib Akin, “Learning About Work from Joe Cool” 131     Inquiring into the Essay 135     SEEING THE FORM Roy Takeno Reading Paper in Front of Office by Ansel Adams 136 THE WRITING PROCESS 137 Inquiry Project: Representative Profile 137     Thinking About Subjects 137     Generating Ideas 137    Listing Prompts 138     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Jennifer’s Journal 138    Fastwriting Prompts 139    Visual Prompts 139    Research Prompts 140     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Bruce’s Journal 140     Judging What You Have 140    What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t? 141    Questions About Audience and Purpose 141    Interviewing 142    Making Contact 142     WRITING IN YOUR LIFE Digital Profiles 143    Conducting the Interview 145     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Recording Interviews 146    Listening and Watching 146     INTERVIEW NOTES Margaret Parker, “Medical Student” 147     Writing the Sketch 149     Moving from Sketch to Draft 149    Evaluating Your Own Sketch 150    Questions for Peer Review 150    Reflecting on What You’ve Learned 150     Research and Other Strategies: Gathering More Information 151     Composing the Draft 151     WRITING IN THE DISCIPLINES Giving History a Face and a Voice 151    Methods of Development 152    Using Evidence 152     Workshopping the Draft 152    Reflecting on the Draft 153    Questions for Readers 153     Revising the Draft 153    Polishing the Draft 154     STUDENT ESSAY Margaret Parker, “Medical Student” 156     Evaluating the Essay 158 Using What You Have Learned 159   CHAPTER 5 WRITING A REVIEW 161 Writing That Evaluates 161 Motives for Writing a Review 162 The Review and Academic Writing 163     WRITING IN THE DISCIPLINES Evaluation Across the Disciplines 163 Features of the Form 164 READINGS166     REVIEW 1 Mark Kermode, “Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man’s Chest” 166     Inquiring into the Essay 168     REVIEW 2 Ezra Dyer, “A Ton (Just Barely) of Fun” 170     Inquiring into the Essay 172     REVIEW 3 Seth Schiesel, “Grand Theft Auto Takes on New York” 173     Inquiring into the Essay 176     SEEING THE FORM Choosing the Best Picture 176 THE WRITING PROCESS 178 Inquiry Project: Writing a Review 178     Thinking About Subjects 178     Generating Ideas 178    Listing Prompts 178    Fastwriting Prompts 179    Visual Prompts 179    Research Prompts 179     Judging What You Have 180     WRITING IN YOUR LIFE Online Product Reviews 180    What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t? 181    Questions About Audience and Purpose 182   EXERCISE 5.1 From Jury to Judgment 182     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Sam’s Journal 184     Thinking About Criteria 184     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Collaborating on Criteria 185     Writing the Sketch 186     STUDENT SKETCH Sam Battey, “River Birch: A Diamond in the Rough” 186     Moving from Sketch to Draft 188    Evaluating Your Own Sketch 188    Questions for Peer Review 189    Reflecting on What You’ve Learned 189     Research and Other Strategies: Gathering More Information 189    Re-Experience 189    Interview 189    Read 190     Composing the Draft 190    Methods of Development 191    Using Evidence 191     Workshopping the Draft 191    Reflecting on the Draft 191     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Christy’s Journal 192    Questions for Readers 192     Revising the Draft 193 Polishing the Draft 193     STUDENT ESSAY Sam Battey, “River Birch: A Diamond in the Rough” 195     Evaluating the Essay 197 Using What You Have Learned 197   CHAPTER 6 WRITING A PROPOSAL 199 Writing About Problems and Solutions 199     Problems of Consequence 200     Problems of Scale 201 Motives for Writing a Proposal 202 The Proposal and Academic Writing 202 Features of the Form 203 READINGS205     PROPOSAL 1 David S. Johnston, “Housing and Our Military” 205     Inquiring into the Essay 207     PROPOSAL 2 UC Santa Cruz Dining Services, “Green Dining” 208 Inquiring into the Essay 210     PROPOSAL 3 Michael Pollan, “Why Bother?” 211     Inquiring into the Essay 216     WRITING IN THE DISCIPLINES Writing a Research Proposal 216     SEEING THE FORM A Problem in Pictures: “No Space for Bikes” 217 THE WRITING PROCESS 219 Inquiry Project: Writing a Proposal 219     Thinking About Subjects 219     Generating Ideas 219    Listing Prompts 219     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Caesar’s Journal 220    Fastwriting Prompts 220     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Gina’s Journal 221    Visual Prompts 222     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Causation 222    Research Prompts 223     Judging What You Have 223    What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t? 223    Questions About Audience and Purpose 224    Questions of Form 224    Research Considerations 224     Writing the Sketch 225     STUDENT SKETCH Gina Sinisi, “Clothing Optional” 226     Moving from Sketch to Draft 227    Evaluating Your Own Sketch 227     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Gina’s Journal 227    Questions for Peer Review 228    Reflecting on What You Learned 228     Research and Other Strategies: Gathering More Information 228     WRITING IN YOUR LIFE Grant Proposals and Group Ethos 229     Composing the Draft 230    Methods of Development 230    Using Evidence 231     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Evidence—A Case Study 232     Workshopping the Draft 232    Reflecting on the Draft 232    Questions for Readers 233     Revising the Draft 233     Polishing the Draft 235     STUDENT ESSAY Gina Sinisi, “Clothing Optional” 235     Evaluating the Essay 238 Using What You Have Learned 238   CHAPTER 7 WRITING AN ARGUMENT 241 Writing to Persuade People 241     What Is Argument? 242     Two Sides to Every Argument? 243     Argument and Inquiry 246    Suspending Judgment 246    Making Judgments 246     Analyzing Argument 247    Using Toulmin 249    Using Logical Fallacies 251     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Common Logical Fallacies 251 Motives for Writing an Argument 252 The Argument and Academic Writing 253 Features of the Form 254     WRITING IN YOUR LIFE Public Argument in a Digital Age 256 READINGS257     ARGUMENT 1 Khalid Sheikh Mohammed, “The Language of War Is Killing” 257     Inquiring into the Essay 258     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Some Basic Argument Strategies 259     ARGUMENT 2 Jeff Jacoby, “A Teacher with Faith and Reason” 260     Inquiring into the Essay 261     ARGUMENT 3 Loye Young, “Is Humiliation an Ethically Appropriate Response to Plagiarism?” 263     Inquiring into the Essay 264     SEEING THE FORM The “Imagetext” as Argument 265 THE WRITING PROCESS 266 Inquiry Project: Writing a Public Argument 266     Thinking About Subjects 266     Generating Ideas 267    Listing Prompts 267    Fastwriting Prompts 267    Visual Prompts 268     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Ben’s Journal 268    Research Prompts 269     Judging What You Have 270    What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t? 270    Questions About Audience and Purpose 271    Research Considerations 271    Narrowing the Question 273     Writing the Sketch 273     STUDENT SKETCH Ben Bloom, “How to Really Rock the Vote” 274     Moving from Sketch to Draft 275    Evaluating Your Own Sketch 275    Questions for Peer Review 275    Reflecting on What You’ve Learned 276     Research and Other Strategies: Gathering More Information 276     Composing the Draft 278    Methods of Development 279    Using Evidence 280     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS What Evidence Can Do 280     Workshopping the Draft 281    Reflecting on the Draft 281    Questions for Readers 281     Revising the Draft 281     WRITING IN THE DISCIPLINES Argument in Academic Disciplines 282     Polishing the Draft 283     STUDENT ESSAY Kelly Sundberg, “I Am Not a Savage” 284     Evaluating the Essay 286 Using What You Have Learned 286   CHAPTER 8 WRITING A CRITICAL ESSAY 289 Writing About Literature 289 Motives for Writing a Critical Essay 290 The Critical Essay and Academic Writing 291 Features of the Form 292 READINGS293     SHORT STORY 1 Ursula Le Guin, “The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas” 293     Inquiring into the Story 298     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Bernice’s Double-Entry Journal 298     SHORT STORY 2 Leslie Marmon Silko, “Lullaby” 300     Inquiring into the Story 307     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Noel’s Journal 308     WRITING IN THE DISCIPLINES Why Literary Theory Is Not a Sleep Aid 308     ESSAY Sarah Vowell, “Shooting Dad” 310     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS How to Read Nonfiction 315     Inquiring into the Essay 316     SEEING THE FORM Christina’s World by Andrew Wyeth 316 THE WRITING PROCESS 319 Inquiry Project: Writing a Critical Essay 319     Thinking About Subjects 319     Generating Ideas 320    Listing Prompts 320    Fastwriting Prompts 320    Visual Prompts 321    Research Prompts 321     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Common Literary Devices 322     Judging What You Have 323    What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t? 323    Questions About Audience and Purpose 324     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS What Is a “Strong Reading”? 325     Writing the Sketch 326     STUDENT SKETCH Bernice Olivas, “Who Are `The Ones Who Walk Away from Omelas’?” 327     Moving from Sketch to Draft 328    Evaluating Your Own Sketch 328    Questions for Peer Review 328    Reflecting on What You’ve Learned 328     Research and Other Strategies: Gathering More Information 329     Composing the Draft 329     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Literature on the Web 330    Methods of Development 331    Using Evidence 331     Workshopping the Draft 331     WRITING IN YOUR LIFE Book Groups 332    Reflecting on the Draft 332    Questions for Readers 332     Revising the Draft 333     Polishing the Draft 333     STUDENT ESSAY Bernice Olivas, “Can You Really Walk Away?” 335     Evaluating the Essay 337 Using What You Have Learned 337   CHAPTER 9 WRITING AN ETHNOGRAPHIC ESSAY 339 Writing About Culture 339 Motives for Writing Ethnography 340 Ethnography and Academic Writing 340 Features of the Form 341 READINGS343     ETHNOGRAPHIC ESSAY 1 Judith Ortiz Cofer, “The Myth of the Latin Woman: Just Met a Girl Named Maria” 344     Inquiring into the Essay 348     ETHNOGRAPHIC ESSAY 2 Patricia Leigh Brown, “For the Muslim Prom Queen, There are no Kings Allowed” 350     Inquiring into the Essay 353     ETHNOGRAPHIC ESSAY 3 Rebekah Nathan, “My Freshman Year: Worldliness and Worldview” 354     Inquiring into the Essay 357     SEEING THE FORM Mrs. Smith’s Kitchen Table and Vanity the Day After She Died 358 THE WRITING PROCESS 359 Inquiry Project: Writing an Ethnographic Essay 359     Thinking About Subjects 359     WRITING IN YOUR LIFE Commercial Ethnography 360     Generating Ideas 360    Listing Prompts 360    Fastwriting Prompts 361    Visual Prompts 362    Research Prompts 362     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Researching Trends and Subcultures on the Web 363     Judging What You Have 363    What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t? 363    Questions About Audience and purpose 364    Research Considerations 365     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Questions Ethnographers Ask 365     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Ethnography and Ethics 366     FIELD NOTES Rita Guerra, “Field Notes on Friday Afternoon at Emerald Lanes” 368     Writing the Sketch 370     Moving from Sketch to Draft 371    Evaluating Your Own Sketch 371    Questions for Peer Review 371    Reflecting on What You’ve Learned 371     Research and Other Strategies: Gathering More Information 372     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Useful Library Databases for Ethnography 372     Composing the Draft 373    Methods of Development 373     WRITING IN THE DISCIPLINES Digital Ethnography 373    Using Evidence 374     Workshopping the Draft 375    Reflecting on the Draft 375    Questions for Readers 375     Revising the Draft 375     Polishing the Draft 377     STUDENT ESSAY Kersti Harter, “Beyond `Gaydar’: How Gay Males Identify Other Gay Males” 378     Evaluating the Essay 388 Using What You Have Learned 388   PART3 INQUIRING DEEPER 389 CHAPTER 10 WRITING A RESEARCH ESSAY 391 Writing with Research 391 Research Essays, Research Papers, and Research Reports 392 Motives for Writing a Research Essay 393 The Research Essay and Academic Writing 394 Features of the Form 395 READINGS397     UNDOCUMENTED RESEARCH ESSAY Brian Doyle, “Joyas Voladoras” 397     Inquiring into the Essay 399     DOCUMENTED RESEARCH ESSAY Beth Bailey, “The Worth of a Date” 400     Inquiring into the Essay 404     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Reading Academic Research Essays 404     DOCUMENTED RESEARCH PAPER Tracy Lambert, Arnold Kahn, and Kevin Apple, “Pluralistic Ignorance and Hooking Up” 405     Inquiring into the Essay 414     SEEING THE FORM Idaho State Penitentiary, Women’s Prison 415 THE WRITING PROCESS 417 Inquiry Project: Write a Research Essay 417     Thinking About Subjects 417     Generating Ideas 418    Listing Prompts 418    Fastwriting Prompts 418     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Julian’s Journal 419    Visual Prompts 419    Research Prompts 419     Judging What You Have 420    What’s Promising Material and What Isn’t? 421    Is It a Researchable Question? 421    Questions About Audience and Purpose 422     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Finding the Focusing Question 423     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Julian’s Journal 424     Writing the Sketch 424     STUDENT SKETCH Amy Garrett-Brown, “Why Do People Tan?” 425     Moving from Sketch to Draft 426    Evaluating Your Own Sketch 426    Questions for Peer Review 427    Reflecting on What You’ve Learned 427     Research and Other Strategies: Gathering More Information 427     Composing the Draft 428    Methods of Development 429    Using Evidence 430     Workshopping the Draft 431    Reflecting on the Draft 432     WRITING IN THE DISCIPLINES Being a Stranger in the Village 432    Questions for Readers 433     Revising the Draft 433     WRITING IN YOUR LIFE Everyday Research 435     Polishing the Draft 436     STUDENT ESSAY Gordon E. Seirup, “College Dating” 437     Evaluating the Essay 447 Using What You Have Learned 447   CHAPTER 11 RESEARCH TECHNIQUES 449 Methods of Collecting 449 Research in the Electronic Age 449     Magic Words That Open Doors 451     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS The Big Red Books (Online) 451     Google Your Boole 452 Developing Working Knowledge 456     A Strategy for Developing Working Knowledge 458 Developing Focused Knowledge 459     A Strategy for Developing Focused Knowledge 460    Library Research 460    Web Research 462     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Full-Text Articles and the Convenience Trap 464     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Methods of Recording Information 465     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS The Working Bibliography 465 Evaluating Library Sources 466 Evaluating Web Sources 467     Writing in the Middle: Synthesizing Source Information and Your Own Ideas 470     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS How to Annotate a Book 470    Double-Entry Journal 471    Research Log 471     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Claude’s Research Log 472 Interviews 474     Arranging Interviews 474     Conducting the Interview 475     Using the Interview in Your Writing 477 Surveys 478     Defining a Survey’s Goals and Audience 478     Types of Survey Questions 478     Crafting Survey Questions 479     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Types of Survey Questions 480     Conducting a Survey 481     Using Survey Results in Your Writing 482 Using What You Have Learned 483   CHAPTER 12 USING AND CITING SOURCES 485 Controlling Information 485 Using Sources 486     Summarizing 487     Paraphrasing 488     Quoting 489 Citing Sources 491     Avoiding Plagiarism 493   EXERCISE 12.1 The Accidental Plagiarist 494 MLA Documentation Guidelines 496     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS The Common Knowledge Exception 496     Citing Sources 497    Where to Put Citations 498     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Citations That Go with the Flow 498    When You Mention the Author’s Name 499    When There Is No Author 499    Works by the Same Author 500    When One Source Quotes Another 501    Personal Interviews 501    Several Sources in a Single Citation 501    Sample Parenthetical References for Other Sources 502     Format 504    The Layout 504     Preparing the Works Cited Page 507    Format 508    Citing Books 509    Sample Book Citations 511    Citing Periodicals 514    Sample Periodical Citations 516    Citing Nonprint and Other Sources 518    A Sample Paper in MLA Style 522 APA Documentation Guidelines 522     How the Essay Should Look 522    Page Format 522    Title Page 523    Abstract 523    Body of the Paper 523    References Page 526    Appendix 526    Notes 526    Tables and Figures 526    Language and Style 527     Citing Sources in Your Essay 527    When the Author Is Mentioned in the Text 527    When the Author Isn’t Mentioned in the Text 527    When to Cite Page Numbers 528    A Single Work by Two or More Authors 528    A Work with No Author 528    Two or More Works by the Same Author 528    An Institutional Author 529    Multiple Works in the Same Parentheses 529    Interviews, E-Mail, and Letters 529    New Editions of Old Works 530    A Web Site 530     Preparing the References List 530    Order of Sources 530    Order of Information 530    Sample References: Articles 533 Sample References: Books 534 Sample References: Other 538 A Sample Paper in APA Style 541 Using What You Have Learned 541   PART4 RE-INQUIRING 543 CHAPTER 13 REVISION STRATEGIES 545 Re-seeing Your Topic 545 Divorcing the Draft 546 Strategies for Divorcing the Draft 547 Photography as a Metaphor for Revision 548 Five Categories of Revision 550 Problems of Purpose 551     Revision Strategy 13.1: The Motive Statement 552     Revision Strategy 13.2: What Do You Want to Know About What You Learned? 553     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Julia’s Draft 554     Revision Strategy 13.3: Finding the Focusing Question 554     Revision Strategy 13.4: What’s the Relationship? 556 Problems with Meaning 557     Where Does Meaning Come From? 557     Methods for Discovering Your Thesis 558     Revision Strategy 13.5: Find the “Instructive Line” 558     Revision Strategy 13.6: Looping Toward a Thesis 559     Revision Strategy 13.7: Reclaiming Your Topic 560     Revision Strategy 13.8: Believing and Doubting 561     Methods for Refining Your Thesis 562     Revision Strategy 13.9: Questions as Knives 562     Revision Strategy 13.10: Qualifying Your Claim 564 Problems with Information 564     Revision Strategy 13.11: Explode a Moment 565     Revision Strategy 13.12: Beyond Examples 566     Revision Strategy 13.13: Research 567     Revision Strategy 13.14: Backing up Your Assumptions 568 Problems with Structure 568     Formal Academic Structure 569     Revision Strategy 13.15: Beginnings, Middles, Ends, and the Work They Do 570     Revision Strategy 13.16: Reorganizing Around Thesis and Support 571     Revision Strategy 13.17: Multiple Leads 573     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Types of Leads 574     Revision Strategy 13.18: The Frankenstein Draft 574     Revision Strategy 13.19: Make a PowerPoint Outline 576 Problems of Clarity and Style 577     Solving Problems of Clarity 578     Revision Strategy 13.20: The Three Most Important Sentences 578    The First Sentence 578    The Last Line of the first Paragraph 578    The Last line of the Essay 579     Revision Strategy 13.21: Untangling Paragraphs 579     Revision Strategy 13.22: Cutting Clutter 581     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Transition Flags 582     Revision Strategy 13.23: The Actor and the Action Next Door 583     Improving Style 584     Revision Strategy 13.24: Actors and Actions 584     Revision Strategy 13.25: Smoothing the Choppiness 585     Revision Strategy 13.26: Fresh Ways to Say Things 586 Using What You Have Learned 587   CHAPTER 14 THE WRITER’S WORKSHOP 589 Making the Most of Peer Review 589     Being Read 589     Divorcing the Draft 590     Instructive Talk 591 Models for Writing Workshops 592     Full-Class Workshops 592     Small-Group Workshops 593     One-on-One Peer Review 594 The Writer’s Responsibilities 594 The Reader’s Responsibilities 595 What Can Go Wrong and What to Do About It 596     INQUIRING INTO THE DETAILS Finding a Role 596   EXERCISE 14.1 Group Problem Solving 597     ONE STUDENT’S RESPONSE Amy’s Perspective on Workshops 598 Methods of Responding 599     Experiential and Directive Responses 599     Response Formats 599    The No-Response Workshop 600    The Initial-Response Workshop 600    The Narrative-of-Thought Workshop 601    The Instructive-Lines Workshop 602    The Purpose Workshop 602    The Graphing Reader Interest Workshop 603    The Sum-of-the-Parts Workshop 604    The Thesis Workshop 605    The Editing Workshop 606     Reflecting on the Workshop 608 Using What You Have Learned 608   APPENDIX A The Writing Portfolio 609 What Is a Portfolio? 609 Types of Portfolios 610     Unevaluated Portfolios 610     Evaluated Portfolio 611 Why Require a Portfolio? 612 Organizing Portfolios 613 Writing a Reflective Letter or Essay 614 Final Preparations 616   APPENDIX B The Literature Review 617 What Is a Literature Review? 617 How to Write the Literature Review 618     Gathering Materials 618     Reading Strategies 619     Organizing 620   APPENDIX C The Annotated Bibliography 623 What Is an Annotated Bibliography? 623 How to Write an Annotated Bibliography 624     Gathering Materials 625     Reading Strategies 625     Writing the Annotated Bibliography 626 Sample Student Annotated Bibliography 626   APPENDIX D The Essay Exam 631 How to Write Essay Exams 633     Gathering Materials 633     Anticipating the Exam 633     Analyzing Essay Questions 634     Planning and Drafting 637   HANDBOOK   1 Sentence Boundaries       1A Fragments       1B Comma Splices       1C Fused Sentences   2 Sentence Inconsistencies       2A Parallelism       2B Coordination and Subordination       2C Mixed Sentences       2D Shifts   3 Problems with Modification       3A Dangling and Misplaced Modifiers       3B Restrictive and Nonrestrictive Modifiers       3C Adjectives and Adverbs   4 Verbs       4A Tense       4B Voice       4C Mood       4D Subject-Verb Agreement   5 Pronouns       5A Pronoun Case       5B Pronoun Reference       5C Pronoun Agreement       5D Relative Pronouns   6 Style       6A Conciseness       6B Appropriate Language 7 Punctuation       7A End Punctuation       7B Semicolon       7C Comma       7D Colon       7E Dash       7F Quotation Marks       7G Other Marks   8 Mechanics and Spelling     8A Capitalization       8B Abbreviation       8C Apostrophe       8D Italics       8E Hyphens       8F Numbers       8G Spelling   9 Review of Basic Grammar     9A Parts of Speech       9B Subjects and Predicates     9C Objects and Complements     9D Phrases       9E Clauses       9F Basic Sentence Patterns     9G Types of Sentences 10 Tips for ESL Writers       10A Articles       10B Verbs       10C Adjectives and Adverbs     10D Prepositions       10E Participles     Credits   Index