JavaScript for Programmers

PRACTICAL, EXAMPLE-RICH COVERAGE OF: XHTML® CSS® JavaScript™: Control Statements, Functions, Arrays, Objects JSON (JavaScript Object Notation) XHTML DOM®: Objects and Collections JavaScript Event-Driven Programming XML® and RSS XML DOM Rich Internet Applications Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (Ajax) XMLHttpRequest Dojo Toolkit Consuming Web Services And more…  VISIT WWW.DEITEL.COM Download code examples Check out the growing list of programming, Web 2.0 and software-related Resource Centers To receive updates for this book, subscribe to the free Deitel ® Buzz Online e-mail newsletter at    www.deitel.com/newsletter/subscribe.html Read archived issues of the Deitel ® Buzz Online Contact deitel@deitel.com for information on corporate training courses delivered on-site worldwide   The practicing programmer’s Deitel® guide to XHTML®, CSS®, JavaScript™, XML® and Ajax RIA development.   This book applies the Deitel signature live-code approach to teaching the client side of Rich Internet Applications (RIA) development. The book presents concepts in the context of 100+ fully tested programs (6,000+ lines of code), complete with syntax shading, detailed descriptions and sample outputs. The book features over 150 tips that will help you build robust client-side web applications.   Start with an introduction to Extensible HyperText Markup Language (XHTML®) and Cascading Style Sheets (CSS®), then rapidly move on to the details of JavaScript™ programming. Finish with more advanced client-side development technologies including XHTML’s Document Object Model (DOM®), Extensible Markup Language (XML®), XML’s DOM, JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) and Asynchronous JavaScript and XML (Ajax). When you’re finished, you’ll have everything you need to build the client side of Web 2.0 Rich Internet Applications (RIAs). The book culminates with several substantial Ajax-enabled RIAs, including a book cover viewer (JavaScript/DOM), an address book (Ajax/consuming web services) and a calendar application (Ajax/Dojo/consuming web services).   TheDeitel® Developer Seriesis designed for professional programmers. The series presents focused treatments of emerging technologies, including .NET, Java™, web services, Internet and web development and more.             Pre-Publication Reviewer Testimonials   “One of the best introductions to JavaScript.”—Raymond Wisman, Indiana University Southeast   “Cements the browser as a first-class development platform.”—Johnvey Hwang, Splunk, Inc.   “Excellent for learning to develop standards-compliant web applications.”—Paul Vencill, MITRE, Inc.   “The CSS chapter is compact, concise and full of useful info!”—Billy B. L. Lim, Illinois State University   “A good introduction to the DOM; doesn’t trip over cross-browser incompatibilities.”—Eric Lawrence, Microsoft   “Exceptionally clear Ajax tutorial; best I’ve reviewed! Great solutions for the very cool type-ahead and edit-in-place Ajax features. ‘Libraries to Help Eliminate Cross-Browser Compatibility Issues’ is fantastic. This book and your websites will be often-visited resources (if not best practices in themselves).”—John Peterson, Insync and V.I.O. Inc.   “I wish I’d had this when I was learning to program.”—Joe Kromer, New Perspective  

Table of Contents:
Preface      xv Before You Begin      xxiii Chapter 1: Introduction      1 1.1   Introduction 2 1.2   History of the Internet and World Wide Web 3 1.3   World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) 5 1.4   Web 2.0  5 1.5   Key Software Trend: Object Technology 7 1.6   JavaScript: Object-Based Scripting for the Web 8 1.7   Browser Portability 9 1.8   Web Resources 9 Chapter 2: Introduction to XHTML      10 2.1   Introduction 11 2.2   Editing XHTML 12 2.3   First XHTML Example 12 2.4   W3C XHTML Validation Service 15 2.5   Headings 15 2.6   Linking 16 2.7   Images 19 2.8   Special Characters and Horizontal Rules 22 2.9   Lists 24 2.10 Tables 27 2.11 Forms 31 2.12 Internal Linking 38 2.13 meta Elements 40 2.14 Web Resources 42 Chapter 3: Cascading Style Sheets™ (CSS)      43 3.1   Introduction 44 3.2  Inline Styles 45 3.3   Embedded Style Sheets 46 3.4   Conflicting Styles 49 3.5   Linking External Style Sheets 52 3.6   Positioning Elements 54 3.7   Backgrounds 58 3.8   Element Dimensions 59 3.9   Box Model and Text Flow 61 3.10 Media Types 65 3.11 Building a CSS Drop-Down Menu 67 3.12 User Style Sheets 69 3.13 CSS 3 73 3.14 Web Resources 73 Chapter 4: JavaScript: Introduction to Scripting      74 4.1   Introduction 75 4.2   Simple Program: Displaying a Line of Text in a Web Page 76 4.3   Modifying Our First Program 79 4.4   Obtaining User Input with prompt Dialogs 84 4.5   Data Types in JavaScript 90 4.6   Arithmetic 90 4.7   Decision Making: Equality and Relational Operators 91 4.8   Web Resources 95 Chapter 5: JavaScript: Control Statements I      96 5.1   Introduction 97 5.2   Control Statements 97 5.3   if Selection Statement 98 5.4   if…else Selection Statement 99 5.5   while Repetition Statement 103 5.6   Counter-Controlled Repetition 104 5.7   Formulating Algorithms: Sentinel-Controlled Repetition 106 5.8   Formulating Algorithms: Nested Control Statements 109 5.9   Assignment Operators 112 5.10 Increment and Decrement Operators 113 5.11 Web Resources 116 Chapter 6: JavaScript: Control Statements II      117 6.1   Introduction 118 6.2   Essentials of Counter-Controlled Repetition 118 6.3   for Repetition Statement 120 6.4   Examples Using the for Statement 124 6.5   switch Multiple-Selection Statement 128 6.6   do…while Repetition Statement 133 6.7   break and continue Statements 135 6.8   Labeled break and continue Statements 138 6.9   Logical Operators 140 Chapter 7: JavaScript: Functions      145 7.1   Introduction 146 7.2   Functions 146 7.3   Programmer-Defined Functions 147 7.4   Function Definitions 147 7.5   Random Number Generation 152 7.6   Example: Game of Chance 157 7.7   Another Example: Random Image Generator 163 7.8   Scope Rules 165 7.9   JavaScript Global Functions 167 7.10 Recursion 168 7.11 Recursion vs. Iteration 172 Chapter 8: JavaScript: Arrays      173 8.1   Introduction 174 8.2   Arrays 174 8.3   Declaring and Allocating Arrays 175 8.4   Examples Using Arrays 176 8.5   Random Image Generator Using Arrays 183 8.6   References and Reference Parameters 184 8.7   Passing Arrays to Functions 185 8.8   Sorting Arrays 188 8.9   Multidimensional Arrays 190 8.10 Building an Online Quiz 194 Chapter 9: JavaScript: Objects      197 9.1   Introduction 198 9.2   Introduction to Object Technology 198 9.3   Math Object 201 9.4   String Object 202 9.5   Date Object 213 9.6   Boolean and Number Objects 218 9.7   document Object 219 9.8   window Object 220 9.9   Using Cookies 225 9.10 Multipage HTML and JavaScript Application 229 9.11 Using JSON to Represent Objects 237 Chapter 10: Document Object Model (DOM): Objects and Collections      238 10.1   Introduction 239 10.2   Modeling a Document: DOM Nodes and Trees 239 10.3   Traversing and Modifying a DOM Tree 242 10.4   DOM Collections 253 10.5   Dynamic Styles 255 10.6   Summary of the DOM Objects and Collections 261 Chapter 11: JavaScript: Events      263 11.1   Introduction 264 11.2   Registering Event Handlers 264 11.3   Event onload 267 11.4   Event onmousemove, the event Object and this 268 11.5   Rollovers with onmouseover and onmouseout 273 11.6   Form Processing with onfocus and onblur 277 11.7   Form Processing with onsubmit and onreset 280 11.8   Event Bubbling 282 11.9   More Events 284 11.10 Web Resources 285 Chapter 12: XML and RSS      286 12.1   Introduction 287 12.2   XML Basics 287 12.3   Structuring Data 290 12.4   XML Namespaces 297 12.5   Document Type Definitions (DTDs) 300 12.6   W3C XML Schema Documents 304 12.7   XML Vocabularies 310 12.8   Extensible Stylesheet Language and XSL Transformations 314 12.9   Document Object Model (DOM) 324 12.10 RSS 342 12.11 Web Resources 349 Chapter 13: Ajax-Enabled Rich Internet Applications      350 13.1   Introduction 351 13.2   Traditional Web Applications vs. Ajax Applications 352 13.3   Rich Internet Applications (RIAs) with Ajax 353 13.4   History of Ajax 355 13.5   “Raw” Ajax Example Using the XMLHttpRequest Object 356 13.6   Using XML and the DOM 361 13.7   Creating a Full-Scale Ajax-Enabled Application 366 13.8   Dojo Toolkit 379 13.9   Web Resources 388 Appendix A: XHTML Special Characters      389 Appendix B: XHTML Colors      390 Appendix C: JavaScript Operator Precedence Chart      393 C.1 Operator Precedence Chart 393 Index      395