Estimating in Building Construction

This is the eBook of the printed book and may not include any media, website access codes, or print supplements that may come packaged with the bound book. For beginning to intermediate courses in cost estimating and construction estimation. The only complete, up¿-to-¿date guide to estimating modern building construction projects Estimating in Building Construction covers all the skills the beginning student needs to estimate simple to moderately complex commercial and residential buildings. Ideal for construction, architecture, and engineering students, the text covers bid preparation from the general contractor’s perspective, using a combination of theory and principles, step-¿by-¿step procedures, instructor resources, and practice problems. The 9th edition aligns the text with the learning outcomes of the major accreditation bodies ABET and ACCE, giving instructors measurable standards for gauging student success. It includes a new chapter on specialty contractors, two rewritten chapters, and reorganized appendices.

Table of Contents:
Table of Contents CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO ESTIMATING 1—1 General Introduction 1—2 Estimating Methods Detailed Estimate Assembly Estimating Square-Foot Estimates Parametric Estimates Model Estimating Project Comparison Estimates 1—3 Estimating Opportunities 1—4 The Estimator 1—5 Quantity Surveying 1—6 Types of Bids 1—7 Contract Documents 1—8 Bidding Information 1—9 Availability of Contract Documents 1—10 Sources of Estimating Information Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 2: CONTRACTS, BONDS, AND INSURANCE 2—1 The Contract System 2—2 Types of Agreements Lump-Sum Agreement (Stipulated Sum, Fixed Price) Unit-Price Agreement Cost-Plus-Fee Agreement 2—3 Agreement Provisions 2—4 Bonds Bid Bond Performance Bond Payment Bond 2—5 Obtaining Bonds 2—6 Insurance Web Resource Review Questions CHAPTER 3: PROJECT MANUAL 3—1 Introduction 3—2 Construction Specifications Institute 3—3 Invitation to Bid (Advertisement for Bids) 3—4 Instructions to Bidders (Information for Bidders) 3—5 Bid Form 3—6 Form of Owner—Contractor Agreement 3—7 General Conditions 3—8 Supplementary General Conditions 3—9 Specifications 3—10 Alternates 3—11 Addenda 3—12 Errors in the Specifications Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 4: THE ESTIMATE 4—1 Roll of Estimating 4—2 Organization 4—3 Notebook 4—4 To Bid or Not to Bid 4—5 Planning the Estimate 4—6 Site Investigation 4—7 Quantity Takeoff 4—8 Materials 4—9 Labor 4—10 Equipment 4—11 Specialty Contractors 4—12 Overhead and Contingencies 4—13 Profit and Home Office Costs 4—14 Workup Sheets 4—15 Summary Sheet 4—16 Errors and Omissions Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 5: COMPUTERS IN ESTIMATING 5—1 Overview 5—2 Benefits and Dangers of Computerized Estimating 5—3 Spreadsheets 5—4 Specialized Estimating Software 5—5 Takeoff Software 5—6 Building Information Modeling Model Creation Limitations and Potential Problems Uses in Estimating Potential Effects of BIM on Estimating Extracting Quantities from Revit Exporting Quantities to Excel Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 6: OVERHEAD AND CONTINGENCIES 6—1 Overhead 6—2 Home Office Overhead 6—3 Job Overhead (General Conditions, Direct Overhead) 6—4 Scheduling 6—5 Contingencies 6—6 Checklist Undistributed Labor Temporary Buildings, Enclosures, and Facilities Temporary Office Barricades and Signal Lights Temporary Utilities Repairs and Protection Relocating Utilities Cleaning Permits Professional Services Labor Burdens and Taxes Bonds and Insurance Miscellaneous Equipment and Services Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 7: LABOR 7—1 Labor Hours and Productivity 7—2 Fair Labor Standards Act 7—3 Davis-Bacon Act 7—4 Unions–Wages and Rules 7—5 Open Shop 7—6 Labor Burden 7—7 Pricing Labor Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 8: EQUIPMENT 8—1 General 8—2 Equipment Productivity 8—3 Operating Costs 8—4 Ownership Costs 8—5 Leasing Costs 8—6 Rental Costs 8—7 Miscellaneous Tools 8—8 Cost Accounting 8—9 Mobilization 8—10 Checklist Review Questions CHAPTER 9: SPECIALTY CONTRACTORS 9—1 Specialty Contractors 9—2 Request for Quote 9—3 Writing a Scope of Work 9—4 Checking Specialty Contractor Bids 9—5 Selecting Specialty Contractors Review Questions CHAPTER 10: EXCAVATION 10—1 General 10—2 Specifications 10—3 Soil 10—4 Calculating Excavation 10—5 Equipment 10—6 Earthwork–New Site Grades and Rough Grading Cross-Section Method Average End Area 10—7 Perimeter and Area 10—8 Topsoil Removal 10—9 General Excavation 10—10 Special Excavation 10—11 Backfilling 10—12 Excess and Borrow 10—13 Spreading Topsoil, Finish Grade 10—14 Landscaping 10—15 Pumping (Dewatering) 10—16 Rock Excavation 10—17 Subcontractors 10—18 Excavation Checklist 10—19 Piles 10—20 Pile Checklist 10—21 Asphalt Paving Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 11: CONCRETE 11—1 Concrete Work 11—2 Estimating Concrete 11—3 Reinforcing 11—4 Vapor Retarder 11—5 Accessories 11—6 Concrete Finishing 11—7 Curing 11—8 Transporting Concrete 11—9 Forms 11—10 Form Liners 11—11 Checklist 11—12 Precast Concrete 11—13 Specifications 11—14 Estimating 11—15 Precast Tees 11—16 Precast Slabs 11—17 Precast Beams and Columns 11—18 Miscellaneous Precast 11—19 Precast Costs 11—20 Precast Checklist Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 12: MASONRY 12—1 General 12—2 Specifications 12—3 Labor 12—4 Bonds (Patterns) 12—5 Concrete Masonry Concrete Block 12—6 Specifications–Concrete Masonry 12—7 Estimating–Concrete Masonry 12—8 Clay Masonry 12—9 Specifications–Brick 12—10 Estimating Brick 12—11 Specifications–Tile 12—12 Estimating Tile 12—13 Stone Masonry 12—14 Specifications–Stone 12—15 Estimating Stone 12—16 Mortar 12—17 Accessories 12—18 Reinforcing Bars 12—19 Cleaning 12—20 Equipment 12—21 Cold Weather 12—22 Subcontractors 12—23 Checklist Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 13: METALS 13—1 General 13—2 Structural Metal 13—3 Structural Metal Framing 13—4 Metal Joists 13—5 Metal Decking 13—6 Miscellaneous Structural Metal 13—7 Metal Erection Subcontractors 13—8 Miscellaneous Metals 13—9 Metal Checklist Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 14: WOOD 14—1 Frame Construction 14—2 Board Measure 14—3 Floor Framing 14—4 Wall Framing Exterior Walls Interior Walls 14—5 Ceiling Assembly 14—6 Roof Assembly 14—7 Trim 14—8 Labor 14—9 Wood Systems 14—10 Wood Trusses 14—11 Laminated Beams and Arches 14—12 Wood Decking 14—13 Plywood Systems 14—14 Wood Checklist Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 15: THERMAL AND MOISTURE PROTECTION 15—1 Waterproofing and Dampproofing 15—2 Membrane Waterproofing 15—3 Integral Method 15—4 Painted Method 15—5 Insulation 15—6 Air and Water Barriers 15—7 Aluminum and Vinyl Siding, Soffit, and Fascia 15—8 Stucco 15—9 Roofing 15—10 Roof Areas 15—11 Asphalt Shingles 15—12 Wood Shingles 15—13 Slate Shingles 15—14 Clay and Concrete Tile 15—15 Sheets, Tile, and Shingles Formula 15—16 Metal Roofing 15—17 Roof Insulation 15—18 Built-up Roofing 15—19 Membrane Roofing 15—20 Flashing and Trim 15—21 Roofing Accessories 15—22 Labor 15—23 Equipment 15—24 Caulking 15—25 Checklist Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 16: DOORS AND WINDOWS 16—1 Window and Curtain Wall Frames 16—2 Accessories 16—3 Doors 16—4 Prefitting and Machining (Premachining) Doors 16—5 Prefinishing Doors 16—6 Door Frame 16—7 Hardware 16—8 Accessories 16—9 Checklist for Doors and Frames 16—10 Glass Review Questions CHAPTER 17: FINISHES 17—1 Drywall and Wetwall Construction 17—2 Supporting Construction 17—3 Types of Assemblies 17—4 Drywall Types 17—5 Drywall Accessories 17—6 Estimating Drywall 17—7 Column Fireproofing 17—8 Wetwall Construction 17—9 Plaster 17—10 Lath 17—11 Accessories 17—12 Suspended Ceilings 17—13 Flooring 17—14 Wood Flooring 17—15 Laminate Flooring 17—16 Resilient Flooring 17—17 Carpeting 17—18 Tile 17—19 Wood Panels 17—20 Painting 17—21 Finishes Checklist Web Resources Review Questions CHAPTER 18: ELECTRICAL 18—1 Electrical Work 18—2 Single Contracts 18—3 Separate Contracts 18—4 Coordination Requirements 18—5 Electrical Estimates 18—6 Electrical Estimates Using Assemblies 18—7 Detailed Electrical Estimates 18—8 Conduit and Wiring 18—9 Checklist Review Questions CHAPTER 19: PLUMBING 19—1 Plumbing Work 19—2 Single Contracts 19—3 Separate Contracts 19—4 Coordination Requirements 19—5 Plumbing Estimates 19—6 Plumbing Estimates Using Assemblies 19—7 Detailed Plumbing Estimates 19—8 Piping 19—9 Fire Sprinklers 19—10 Checklist Review Questions CHAPTER 20: HEATING, VENTILATING, AND AIR-CONDITIONING 20—1 HVAC (Heating, Ventilating, and Air-Conditioning) Work 20—2 Single Contracts 20—3 Separate Contracts 20—4 Coordination Requirements 20—5 HVAC Estimates 20—6 HVAC Estimating Using Assemblies 20—7 Detailed HVAC Estimates 20—8 Checklist Review Questions CHAPTER 21: PROFIT 21—1 Profit 21—2 Assessing Risk 21—3 Assessing the Competition Review Questions CHAPTER 22: OTHER ESTIMATING METHODS 22—1 Overview 22—2 Project Comparison Method 22—3 Square-Foot Estimating 22—4 Assembly Estimating Web Resource Review Questions Appendices Drawings and Outline Specifications for Small Commercial Building Drawings and Outline Specifications for Residential Building Project Drawings and Outline Specifications for Commercial Building Project Drawings for Billy’s C-Store Drawings and Outline Specifications for Real Estate Office BidSim Conversions Sample Equipment Costs Common Terms Used in the Building Industry Spreadsheets