Docker Containers (includes Content Update Program): Build and Deploy with Kubernetes, Flannel, Cockpit, and Atomic

The Practical Guide to Running Docker on Linux Systems or Cloud Environments Whether on your laptop or a remote cloud, Docker can transform how you create, test, deploy, and manage your most critical applications. In Docker Containers, Christopher Negus helps you master Docker containerization from the ground up.   You’ll start out running a few Docker container images in Ubuntu, Fedora, RHEL, CoreOS, or Project Atomic. By the time you’ve finished, you’ll be deploying enterprise-quality, multi-container Kubernetes setups in modern Linux and cloud environments.   Writing for system administrators, software developers, and technology enthusiasts, Negus touches on every aspect of working with Docker: setting up containerized applications, working with both individual and multiple containers, running containers in cloud environments, and developing containers.   Teaching through realistic examples of desktop applications, system services, and games, Negus guides you through building and deploying your own Dockerized applications. As you build your expertise, you’ll also learn indispensable Docker best practices for building and integrating containers, managing Docker on a day-to-day basis, and much more:   • Understanding what Docker is and what you can do with it • Installing Docker on standard Linux or specialized container operating systems such as Atomic Host and CoreOS • Setting up a container runtime environment and private Docker Registry • Creating, running, and investigating Docker images and containers • Finding, pulling, saving, loading, and tagging container images • Pulling and pushing containers between local systems and Docker Registries • Integrating Docker containers with host networking and storage • Building containers with the docker build command and Dockerfile files • Minimizing space consumption and erasing unneeded containers • Accessing special host privileges from within a container • Orchestrating multiple containers into complex applications with Kubernetes • Using super privileged containers in cloud environments • Managing containers in the cloud with Cockpit • Getting started with Docker container development • Learning container build techniques from shared Dockerfiles   This book is part of the Pearson Content Update Program. As the technology changes, sections of this book will be updated or new sections will be added. The updates will be delivered to you via a free Web Edition of this book, which can be accessed with any Internet connection.

Table of Contents:
Preface     xv Acknowledgments     xxi About the Author     xxiii Part I: Getting Going with Containers     1 Chapter 1: Containerizing Applications with Docker     3 Understanding Pros and Cons of Containerizing Applications     4      ...An Application Running Directly on a Host Computer     4      ...An Application Running Directly within a Virtual Machine     5      Understanding the Upside of Containers     5      Understanding Challenges of Containerizing Applications     7 Understanding What Makes Up Docker     8      The Docker Project     8      The Docker Hub Registry     9      Docker Images and Containers     10      The docker Command     11 Approaching Containers     13 Summary     14 Chapter 2: Setting Up a Container Run-Time Environment     17 Configuring a Standard Linux System for Docker     18      Configuring Ubuntu for Docker     18      Configuring Fedora for Docker     21      Configuring Red Hat Enterprise Linux for Docker     25      Configuring Other Operating Systems for Docker     27 Configuring a Container-Style Linux System for Docker     29      Configuring an Atomic Host for Docker     29      Configuring CoreOS for Docker     32 Summary     34 Chapter 3: Setting Up a Private Docker Registry     35 Getting and Starting a Private Docker Registry     36      Setting Up a Docker Registry in Fedora     37      Setting Up a Docker Registry in Ubuntu     40 Configuring a Private Docker Registry     43      Configuring the docker-registry Package     43      Configuring the registry Container     46 Understanding the Docker Image Namespace     46 Summary     48 Part II: Working with Individual Containers     49 Chapter 4: Running Container Images     51 Running Container Images Interactively     54      Starting an Interactive Bash Shell     54      Playing Some Character-Based Games     56      Running Administrative Commands Inside a Container     57 Running Containerized Services     59      Running a Containerized Web Server     59      Limiting Resources When Running Services in Containers     62 Running Privileged Containers     63 Summary     64 Chapter 5: Finding, Pulling, Saving, and Loading Container Images     65 Searching for Images     66      Searching for Images with the docker Command     66      Searching for Images on Docker Hub     69      Searching Other Repositories for Images     70 Pulling Images from Registries     73 Saving and Loading Images     76 Summary     77 Chapter 6: Tagging Images     79 Assigning Names to Images     80 Assigning Tags to Images     81 Assigning Repository Names to Images     83      Attaching a User Name to an Image     83      Attaching a Repository Name to an Image     85 Summary     86 Chapter 7: Investigating Containers     87 Inspecting Images and Containers     88 Inspecting an Image     88      Inspecting Base Images with docker inspect     89      Inspecting Application Images with docker inspect     90      Looking at the History of an Image     92 Inspecting Running Containers     92      Start a Container to Inspect     93      Inspect an Entire Container Configuration     94      Inspect Individual Container Attributes     99 Finding More Ways to Look into Containers     103      Using docker top to See Container Processes     103      Using docker attach to Interact with a Service Inside a Container     104      Using docker exec to Start a New Process in a Running Container     105      Using docker logs to See Container Process Output     106      Using docker diff to See How a Container Has Changed     106      Using docker cp to Copy Files from a Container     107 Summary     107 Chapter 8: Starting, Stopping, and Restarting Containers     109 Stopping and Starting a Container     109      Stopping and Starting a Detached Container     110      Starting and Stopping an Interactive Container     112 Restarting a Container     113 Sending Signals to a Container     114 Pausing and Unpausing Containers     115 Waiting for a Container’s Exit Code     116 Renaming a Container     117 Creating a Container     117 Summary     118 Chapter 9: Configuring Container Storage     121 Managing Storage for a Container     122      Using Volumes from the Host     122      Data Volume Container     123      Write-Protecting a Bind Mount     124      Mounting Devices     125      Mounting Sockets     125 Storage Strategies for the Docker Host     127      Attaching External Storage to a Docker Host     128 Summary     130 Chapter 10: Configuring Container Networking     133 Expose Ports to Other Containers     134 Map Ports Outside the Host     136      Map a Port from Linked Containers     136      Connect Containers on Different Hosts     138 Alternatives to the docker0 Bridge     139      Changing Network Mode for a Container     140      Examining Network Options     140 Changing the Docker Network Bridge     142 Summary     143 Chapter 11: Cleaning Up Containers     145 Making Space for Images and Containers     146 Removing Images     146      Removing Individual Images     147      Removing Multiple Images     148 Removing Containers     150      Removing Individual Containers     150      Removing Multiple Containers     152 Cleaning Up and Saving Containers     153      Cleaning Up and Saving an Ubuntu Container     153      Cleaning Up and Saving a Fedora Container     154 Summary     154 Chapter 12: Building Docker Images     157 Doing a Simple docker build     158 Setting a Command to Execute from a Dockerfile     161      Using the CMD Instruction     161      Using the ENTRYPOINT Instruction     162      Using the RUN Instruction     163      Adding Files to an Image from a Dockerfile     164 Exposing Ports from an Image within a Dockerfile     165 Assigning Environment Variables in a Dockerfile     166 Assigning Labels in a Dockerfile     167 Using Other docker build Command Options     168 Tips for Building Containers     169      Clean Up the Image     169      Keep Build Directory Small     169      Keep Containers Simple     170      Manage How Caching Is Done     170 Summary     171 Part III: Running Containers in Cloud Environments     173 Chapter 13: Using Super Privileged Containers     175 Using Super Privileged Containers in Atomic Host     176 Understanding Super Privileged Containers     176      Opening Privileges to the Host     177      Accessing the Host Process Table     177      Accessing Host Network Interfaces     178      Accessing Host Inter-Process Communications     179      Accessing Host File Systems     179 Preparing to Use Super Privileged Containers     180 Using the atomic Command     180      Installing an SPC Image with atomic     182      Getting Information about an SPC Image with atomic     182      Running an SPC Image with atomic     183      Stopping and Restarting an SPC with atomic     184      Updating an SPC Image     184      Uninstalling an SPC Image     185 Trying Some SPCs     185      Running the RHEL Tools SPC     186      Running the Logging (rsyslog) SPC     187      Running the System Monitor (sadc) SPC     189 Summary     191 Chapter 14: Managing Containers in the Cloud with Cockpit     193 Understanding Cockpit     194 Starting with Cockpit     198 Adding Servers into Cockpit     199 Working with Containers from Cockpit     201      Adding Container Images to Cockpit     201      Running Images from Cockpit     201 Working with Network Interfaces from Cockpit     204 Configuring Storage from Cockpit     207 Doing Other Administrative Tasks in Cockpit     208      Managing Administrator Accounts in Cockpit     208      Open a Terminal in Cockpit     209 Summary     210 Part IV: Managing Multiple Containers     211 Chapter 15: Orchestrating Containers with Kubernetes     213 Understanding Kubernetes     214 Starting with Kubernetes     216 Setting Up an All-in-One Kubernetes Configuration     218      Installing and Starting Up Kubernetes     218      Starting Up a Pod in Kubernetes     220      Working with Kubernetes     223 Summary     224 Chapter 16: Creating a Kubernetes Cluster     225 Understanding Advanced Kubernetes Features     226 Setting Up a Kubernetes Cluster     226      Step 1: Install Linux     227      Step 2: Set Up Kubernetes Master     227      Step 3: Set Up Kubernetes Nodes     230      Step 4: Set Up Networking with Flannel     231 Starting Up Pods in a Kubernetes Cluster     233 Deleting Replication Controllers, Services, and Pods     237 Summary     238 Part V: Developing Containers     239 Chapter 17: Developing Docker Containers     241 Setting Up for Container Development     241      Choosing a Container Development Environment for Red Hat Systems     242      Container Development Environments from Docker     246 Using Good Development Practices     247      Gathering or Excluding Files for a Build     248      Taking Advantage of Layers     249      Managing Software Packages in a Build     250      Learning More about Building Containers     251 Summary     252 Chapter 18: Exploring Sample Dockerfile Files     253 Examining Dockerfiles for Official Docker Images     254      Viewing a CentOS Dockerfile     254      Viewing a Busybox Dockerfile     257 Examining Dockerfiles from Open Source Projects     258      Viewing a WordPress Dockerfile     258      Viewing the MySQL Dockerfile     260 Examining Dockerfiles for Desktop and Personal Use     263      Viewing a Chrome Dockerfile     263      Viewing a Firefox Dockerfile     267 Summary     270 Index     273