Concepts and Categories
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Concepts and Categories: Foundations for Sociological and Cultural Analysis

Concepts and Categories: Foundations for Sociological and Cultural Analysis

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About the Book

Why do people like books, music, or movies that adhere consistently to genre conventions? Why is it hard for politicians to take positions that cross ideological boundaries? Why do we have dramatically different expectations of companies that are categorized as social media platforms as opposed to news media sites? The answers to these questions require an understanding of how people use basic concepts in their everyday lives to give meaning to objects, other people, and social situations and actions. In this book, a team of sociologists presents a groundbreaking model of concepts and categorization that can guide sociological and cultural analysis of a wide variety of social situations. Drawing on research in various fields, including cognitive science, computational linguistics, and psychology, the book develops an innovative view of concepts. It argues that concepts have meanings that are probabilistic rather than sharp, occupying fuzzy, overlapping positions in a “conceptual space.” Measurements of distances in this space reveal our mental representations of categories. Using this model, important yet commonplace phenomena such as our routine buying decisions can be quantified in terms of the cognitive distance between concepts. Concepts and Categories provides an essential set of formal theoretical tools and illustrates their application using an eclectic set of methodologies, from micro-level controlled experiments to macro-level language processing. It illuminates how explicit attention to concepts and categories can give us a new understanding of everyday situations and interactions.

Table of Contents:
Preface Acknowledgments 1. Concepts in Sociological Analysis Part I. Concepts and Spaces 2. Preliminaries 3. Semantic Space 4. Concepts as Probability Densities in Semantic Space 5. Conceptual Spaces: Domains and Cohorts 6. Expanding Spaces to Compare Concepts 7. Informativeness and Distinctiveness Part II. Applying Concepts 8. Categories and Categorization 9. Free Categorization 10. Concepts, Perception, and Inference Part III. Bridges to Sociological Application 11. Conceptual Ambiguity and Contrast 12. Valuation Part IV. Concepts in Social Interaction 13. The Group Level: Conceptual and Extensional Agreement 14. Social Inference and Taken-for-Grantedness 15. Broadening the Scope of Application Part V. Appendixes Appendix A: Glossary of Technical Terms Appendix B: Some Elemental First-Order Logic Appendix C: Proofs Notes Bibliography Index


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9780231192729
  • Publisher: Columbia University Press
  • Publisher Imprint: Columbia University Press
  • Height: 235 mm
  • No of Pages: 328
  • Returnable: Y
  • Returnable: Y
  • Width: 156 mm
  • ISBN-10: 023119272X
  • Publisher Date: 13 Aug 2019
  • Binding: Hardback
  • Language: English
  • Returnable: Y
  • Returnable: Y
  • Sub Title: Foundations for Sociological and Cultural Analysis


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