Computer Structure and Logic
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Computer Structure and Logic

Computer Structure and Logic

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Computer Structure and Logic Pearson Certification Team   The place to start your computer career! Learn about computers and networks from the ground up!   Learn about computers and networks from the ground up! Your first step toward certifications from CompTIA, Microsoft, or Cisco… absolutely no experience necessary! Explains every part of your computer and shows how each part works together Teaches simple troubleshooting and repair techniques Packed with real-world examples and case studies   Master the basics and build your strong foundation for success! I/O: How information gets into and out of computers Motherboards and buses: How your computer’s parts are connected CPU: How your computer’s “brain” works—and how to install and troubleshoot it Memory and storage: The types you need and how to install them Bootup: How your computer starts, what can go wrong, and how to fix it Operating systems: The basics of Windows, Mac OS X, and Linux Basic security: Protecting your data, connections, and computer Troubleshooting: The tools and methods every good PC technician must know Networks and the Internet: How they work, how they communicate, and how to connect to them   Test your knowledge, gain confidence, and succeed! More than 150 questions, with clear explanations of every answer!

Table of Contents:
Introduction xix Chapter 1 Introduction to Computers 3 History of Computers 3 The von Neumann Computer Model 4 Modern Computers 7     From Tubes to Transistors 7     Integrated Circuits 10 History of the PC 11     Birth of the Personal Computer 11     The IBM Personal Computer 13     The PC Industry Nearly 30 Years Later 14 What Is a PC? 17     Who Controls PC Software? 18     Who Controls PC Hardware? 21     White-Box Systems 24     PC Design Guides 25     System Types 26     System Components 26 Chapter Review Questions 28     Case Study 1 31     Case Study 2 31 Answers and Explanations 31     Case Study 1 Solution 33     Case Study 2 Solution 33 Chapter 2 Understanding Computer Math and Measurement 35 Numbering Systems Used in Computers 35     Decimal Numbering System 36     Binary Numbering System 36         Binary Versus Decimal MB/GB 40         Data Storage and Overhead 43     Hexadecimal Numbering System 44 Basic Boolean Operations 45     AND 46     OR 47     NOT 47     Mixed Boolean Operations 48 Measuring Data Transfer and Frequency 48     Bandwidth 49         Parallel Information Transfers 49         Serial Transfers 51     Hertz (Hz) 51 Chapter Review Questions 53     Case Study 1 56     Case Study 2 56 Answers and Explanations 56     Case Study 1 Solution 57     Case Study 2 Solution 58 Chapter 3 I/O Ports and Devices 61 Understanding I/O Ports 61     USB 61         USB Port Types, Speeds, and Technical Details 62         Adding USB Ports 66     Serial (COM) 67         Types of Serial Cables 69         Standard IRQ and I/O Port Addresses 70     Parallel (LPT) 70     SCSI 72         Multiple Device Support with SCSI Host Adapters 73         Jumper Block and DIP Switch Settings for Device IDs 74         SCSI Standards 74     IEEE 1394 (FireWire) 75         IEEE 1394 Ports and Cables 75         IEEE 1394–Compatible Devices and Technical Requirements 76     PS/2 (Mini-DIN) 77     Centronics 77     1/8-Inch Audio Mini-Jack 77     SPDIF Digital Audio 78     MIDI Port 79     RG-6 Coaxial 79 Understanding Input Devices 80     Keyboard 80     Mouse and Pointing Devices 81     Game Controllers 82     Bar Code Reader 82     Biometric Devices 82     Voice-Activated Typing 83 Understanding Display Types 83     CRT Monitor 84     LCD Monitor 85     Data Projector 86     Touch Screens 87 Understanding Video Connector Types 88     VGA 88     DVI 89     HDMI 89     Component/RGB 91     S-Video 91     Composite 91 Printing Fundamentals 93     Laser Printers 93         Toner Cartridges 94         Laser Printer Paper and Media 95     Inkjet Printers 96         Ink Cartridges 97         Inkjet Printer Paper and Media 98     Thermal Printers 98         Thermal Printer Ribbons 99         Thermal Printer Paper 100     Impact Printers 100         Impact Printer Ribbons 101         Impact Printer Paper and Media 102 Understanding Multimedia Devices 103     Webcam 103     Digital Camera 103     MIDI Music and MIDI Ports 103     Sound Card 103     Microphone 104     Video Capture Card 105 Chapter Review Questions 106     Case Study 1 109     Case Study 2 109 Answers and Explanations 110     Case Study 1 Solution 112     Case Study 2 Solution 112 Chapter 4 Motherboards and Buses 115 Motherboards and Their Components 115     The System Bus and I/O Bus 116     The Chipset 117     Form Factors 118         ATX and Micro ATX 118         BTX 119         NLX 120         Riser Cards and Daughterboards 120     Integrated I/O Ports 122     Memory Slots 124     Expansion Slots 124         PCI Slots 125         AGP 125         PCIe (PCI Express) Slots 126         AMR and CNR Slots 128     Mass Storage Interfaces 129         EIDE/PATA 130         SATA 131         SCSI 131     Choosing the Best Motherboard for the Job 133     Installing Motherboards 133         Step-by-Step Motherboard Removal (ATX and BTX) 134         Step-by-Step Motherboard Removal (NLX) 136         Preparing the Motherboard for Installation (ATX/BTX) 137         Step-by-Step Motherboard Installation (ATX/Baby-AT) 137         Step-by-Step Motherboard Installation (NLX) 138     Troubleshooting Motherboards 138         System Does Not Start 139         Devices Connected to the Port Cluster Don’t Work 143         Devices Connected to Header Cables Don’t Work 144         Mass Storage Devices Do Not Work Properly 145         Memory Failures 145         Card, Memory, or Heat Sink Blocked by Motherboard Layout 145 Installing Adapter Cards 146     General Installation 146     Display Adapters 149     Sound Cards 150     Video Capture Cards 150     Troubleshooting Adapter Cards 151         Device Connected to Adapter Card Doesn’t Work 151         Performing Driver and Firmware Upgrades 152 Chapter Review Questions 153     Case Study 1 156     Case Study 2 156 Answers and Explanations 157     Case Study 1 Solution 158     Case Study 2 Solution 159 Chapter 5 The CPU 161 Intel and AMD Processors 161     Intel Processors 162     AMD Processors 165     Processor Sockets and Packaging 168     Overview of Processor Differences 168 CPU Technologies 169     CPU Clock Rate 170     Hyperthreading (HT Technology) 171     Dual-Core and Multi-Core 171     Processor Throttling 172     MMX and 3DNow! Instruction Sets 172     Overclocking 173     Cache 174     VRM 175     32-Bit Versus 64-Bit 175 Choosing the Best Processor for the Job 176     Performance 176     Thermal Issues 176     32-Bit Versus 64-Bit (x64) Compatibility 176     Other Processor Features 177 Installing and Upgrading Processors 177     Removing the Heat Sink 178     Removing the Processor 180     Installing a New Processor 181     Slot-Type CPU (Early Pentium III, Early AMD Athlon, and Others) 183 Troubleshooting Processors 185     System Runs Slower Than Rated Speed 185         Causes for Overheating 185         Fan Failure 185         Incorrect Heat Sink for Processor Type/Speed 185         Overheating of the Processor or System 185         Underclocked System 186     Processor Failure 186 Chapter Review Questions 187     Case Study 1 190     Case Study 2 190 Answers and Explanations 190     Case Study 1 Solution 192     Case Study 2 Solution 192 Chapter 6 Memory and Storage 195 RAM Basics 195 RAM Types 198     DRAM 198     SRAM 198     SDRAM 198     DDR SDRAM 199     DDR2 SDRAM 199     Rambus 199     Comparison of Memory Modules 200 Installing DIMMs and Rambus RDRAM Modules 202 Hard Disk Drives 204     PATA and SATA Data and Power Cables 205     PATA Drive Jumpering and Cable Select 206     ATA Specifications 207     ATA/IDE Drive Physical Installation 209     SATA Hard Drive Physical Installation 211     Installing an SATA Host Adapter 213     Configuring PATA BIOS 214     Configuring SATA BIOS 216     Creating an ATA or SATA RAID Array 218     Optimizing ATA/IDE Performance 221         Selecting the PIO and DMA Transfer Modes 221         Selecting the IDE Block Mode 223         Installing IDE Busmastering Drivers 223         Enabling DMA Transfers for PATA Devices in Windows 223         Adjusting Disk Caching Settings in Windows 225 CD and DVD Optical Drives 226     CD and DVD Drive Interfaces 227     Physical Installation of Optical Drives 227 IDE/ATAPI Optical Drive Installation Issues 228 Chapter Review Questions 229     Case Study 1 232     Case Study 2 232 Answers and Explanations 232     Case Study 1 Solution 234     Case Study 2 Solution 234 Chapter 7 Computer Operation 237 Understanding BIOS, CMOS, and Firmware 237 Configuring the System BIOS 240     Accessing the BIOS Setup Program 241     BIOS Settings Overview 243         Automatic Configuration of BIOS/CMOS Settings 246         Selecting Options 247     Main Menu 247     Standard Features/Settings Menu 248         PATA and SATA BIOS Configuration 249         Floppy Drive BIOS Configuration 249         System Information 249     Advanced BIOS Settings/Features Menu 251     Integrated Peripherals Menu 252         Onboard Devices Submenu 253         I/O Devices Submenu 253         PATA/IDE and SATA Configuration Menus 255     Power Management Menu 256     PnP/PCI Configuration Settings 257     Hardware Monitor 259     Processor and Memory Configuration 260     Security Features 262     Exiting the BIOS and Saving/Discarding Changes 263 Power-On Self-Test and Error Reporting 264     Beep Codes 265     POST Error Messages 266     POST Hex Error Codes 266 BIOS Updates 268     Flash BIOS Update 269     BIOS Chip Replacement 271 Chapter Review Questions 273     Case Study 1 276     Case Study 2 276 Answers and Explanations 276     Case Study 1 Solution 278     Case Study 2 Solution 278 Chapter 8 Operating Systems 281 Types of Operating Systems 281     Mac OS 282     Linux 283     Windows 283 Differences in Windows Versions 284     GUI 284     System Requirements 287 Windows Interfaces 287     Windows Explorer 288         Common Tasks View 289         Windows Vista Additions to Windows Explorer 290         Windows 7 Additions to Windows Explorer 290     My Computer 291     Control Panel 292     Command Prompt 293     Network 294     My Network Places 295     Taskbar/Systray 296     Start Menu 296 Managing Disk Partitions, Files, and Folders 298     Disk Partitions 298     Using Disk Management 299     Mount Points and Mounting a Drive 303     Windows File Systems 304         FAT32 304         NTFS 304     Working with Folders/Directories 305     File Management 306         Creating Files 306         File Types 307         File Names and Extensions 308         Indexing 309         File Permissions 310     DEFRAG 311     CHKDSK.EXE 312     Format 313 System Management Tools 314     Device Manager 314     Computer Management and the MMC 317     Task Manager 318     Event Viewer 319     System Restore 321 Chapter Review Questions 323     Case Study 1 326     Case Study 2 326 Answers and Explanations 327     Case Study 1 Solution 328     Case Study 2 Solution 329 Chapter 9 Basic Security 331 Security Fundamentals 331     Secure and Insecure File Systems 331     Authentication Technologies 332         Username/Password/PIN 332         Smart Cards 332         Biometrics 333     Protection Against Viruses and Malware 333     Software Firewalls 334     Hardware Recycling and Deconstruction 335 Data and Physical Security 335     Data Access Local Security Policy 335     Encryption Technologies 336         Encrypting File System 337         BitLocker Encryption 337     Backups 338     Data Migration 338     Data and Data Remnant Removal 339     Password Management 339     Locking a Workstation 340     Incident Reporting 340     Social Engineering 341 Access Control Purposes and Principles 342     Operating System Access Control 342         User, Administration, and Guest Accounts 342         User Account Control (UAC) 343         Groups 343         Permissions Actions, Types, and Levels 344         Permission Inheritance and Propagation 344         Moving and Copying Folders and Files 345     Components 345     Restricted Spaces 345     Auditing and Event Logging 346 Installing, Configuring, and Troubleshooting Security Features 347     BIOS Security Features 347     Software Firewalls 348     Troubleshooting Software Firewalls 349     File Systems (Converting from FAT32 to NTFS) 351     Malicious Software Protection 351         Types of Malware and Infection Methods 351         Training Users in Malware Protection 352 Wireless Security 353     WEP and WPA Encryption 353     Configuring Wireless Clients 354     Troubleshooting Wireless Clients 357     Unused Wireless Connections 359 Chapter Review Questions 361     Case Study 1 364     Case Study 2 364 Answers and Explanations 364     Case Study 1 Solution 366     Case Study 2 Solution 366 Chapter 10 Troubleshooting 369 PC Tools 369 Preventing Electrostatic Discharge 370 Using a Troubleshooting Process 372 Determining Whether a Problem Is Caused by Hardware or Software 374     What Components to Check First 375     Points of Failure on the Outside of the Computer 376      “Known-Working” Doesn’t Mean “New”—Best Sources for Replacement Parts 377     Keeping Track of Your Solutions 378 Troubleshooting Windows 378     Recovering an Operating System 378         Last Known Good Configuration, Safe Mode, and Other Advanced Boot Options 379         Windows Recovery Environment (WinRE) 382         Recovery Console 384         Using System Restore with Advanced Boot Options 386         Using Windows Vista’s Complete PC Backup 386         Using Automated System Recovery (ASR) (Windows XP) 387     Diagnosing and Troubleshooting Other Problems 389         Identifying the Problem: User Interview 389         Analyzing the Problem 390         Identifying the Problem: Logs and Services 390         Recording Symptoms and Error Codes 392         Checking Configurations and Device Manager 393     Common Problems 394         STOP (Blue Screen) Errors 394         Application Troubleshooting 396         Using Task Manager 397         Troubleshooting with Device Manager 398 Where to Go for More Information 401 Chapter Review Questions 404     Case Study 1 407     Case Study 2 407 Answers and Explanations 408     Case Study 1 Solution 409     Case Study 2 Solution 411 Chapter 11 Networks 413 Network Models 414     Client/Server 414         Servers 414         Clients 415     Peer-to-Peer 416 Internet Connectivity Technologies 417     Modems and Dial-Up Internet Connectivity 417     ISDN Internet Connectivity 419         ISDN Hardware 420         Setting Up an ISDN Connection 420     Broadband Internet Services (DSL, Cable, Satellite) 421         Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) 421         Cable Internet 423         Satellite 425     LANs and Internet Connectivity 425 TCP/IP Applications and Technologies 426     ISP 426     HTTP/HTTPS 426     SSL 427     TLS 427     HTML 427     FTP 428     Telnet 429     SSH 429     DNS 429     Email 430         SMTP 431         POP 431         IMAP 432     Ports 432 Installing Network Interface Cards 433 Cable and Connector Types 433     UTP and STP Cabling 434     Fiber-Optic Cabling 437     Coaxial Cabling 438     Plenum and PVC 439     Connector Types 439 Network Devices 440 Configuring TCP/IP 441         TCP/IP Configuration with a DHCP Server 442         TCP/IP Alternate Configuration 443         TCP/IP User-Configured IP Address, DNS Addresses, and Advanced Settings 444         Understanding IP Addressing, Subnet Masks, and IP Classes 445         WINS Configuration 448         Gateway 448         DNS Configuration 448 Using Network Command-Line Tools 448     Using ipconfig 449     Using ping 450     Using tracert 451     Using the net Command 451     Using nslookup 452 Chapter Review Questions 453     Case Study 1 456     Case Study 2 456 Answers and Explanations 456     Case Study 1 Solution 458     Case Study 2 Solution 459     9780789747938   TOC   1/3/2011


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9780789747938
  • Publisher: Pearson Education (US)
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: English
  • Spine Width: 25 mm
  • Width: 189 mm
  • ISBN-10: 0789747936
  • Publisher Date: 24 Mar 2011
  • Height: 231 mm
  • No of Pages: 496
  • Weight: 798 gr


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Computer Structure and Logic
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