Reconciliar as doutrinas de Protágoras e Górgias.
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Reconciliar as doutrinas de Protágoras e Górgias.

Reconciliar as doutrinas de Protágoras e Górgias.


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About the Book

Os sofistas gregos Protágoras (natural de Abdera) e Górgias (natural de Leontinos, na Sicília), teriam colocado a humanidade, até agora, em um beco sem saída, em termos de Teoria do Conhecimento, tudo por conta de suas doutrinas, aparentemente inconciliáveis. Da trincheira de Protágoras temos a sua famosa frase, salva apenas num ínfimo fragmento, que é o pilar da cultura Ocidental e quiçá de toda a humanidade; já do lado de Górgias temos maiores informações e, assim, o núcleo de suas não menos famosas três teses, sobre as quais ou das quais, todos os filósofos e historiadores da filosofia praticamente fogem. É como se não existissem. A liás, em todas as obras que têm a Filosofia como pano de fundo, poucas páginas, quando existentes, são dedicadas aos sofistas, como se os autores quisessem ocultar algo, evitando os questionamentos sofísticos aos quais não sabem responder e têm vergonha de admitir suas ignorâncias e derrotas intelectuais! É certo que os sofistas, que sequer chegaram a formar uma escola filosófica, no sentido de algumas outras que existiram na antiguidade, anularam todos os esforços que vinham sendo feitos pelos homens no sentido de conhecer, naquilo que os estudiosos chamam de Teoria do Conhecimento. Pode-se dizer que filósofos como Tales, Heráclito, Anaxímenes, Anaximandro, Empédocles, Anaxágoras, Leucipo, Parmênides e Zenão, não falaram sobre o conhecimento. Eles conheceram, contudo, sem dizer como o fizeram. Tales, no primeiro e fundamental esforço da racionalidade, por exemplo, chegou a propor que a origem, a essência, a gênese de tudo que existe era a água. Tudo vinha da água, ou era formado a partir da água. A água seria a origem de todas as coisas. Houve quem criticasse a teoria de Tales perguntando: "Então, quando a água deixou de produzir as coisas?" Ora, se tudo viesse da água, as coisas continuariam a dela brotar! (Teria a água chegado ao seu limite criativo? Por que? Como? Qual? Quando?). Os pensadores gregos foram divididos, arbitrariamente, em pré-socráticos e socráticos, e a arbitrariedade vem do fato de aqueles que propuseram tal divisão terem esquecido, propositalmente, os sofistas, ou por tê-los incluídos dentre os primeiros. No entanto, caso veja-se a coisa como ela é, há um único divisor de águas em termos de conhecimento, e esse deve ser o seguinte: antes dos sofistas e depois dos sofistas. É que, afirme-se, não existe nada de digno de ser dito como inovador na história do conhecimento depois dos sofistas! Essa história, que se desenvolvia com significativos avanços, estancou com a atuação dos sofistas há 2.600 (dois mil e seiscentos) anos.


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9798290496900
  • Publisher: Independently Published
  • Publisher Imprint: Independently Published
  • Height: 216 mm
  • No of Pages: 170
  • Spine Width: 9 mm
  • Width: 140 mm
  • ISBN-10: 8290496907
  • Publisher Date: 30 Jul 2025
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Language: Portuguese
  • Returnable: N
  • Weight: 254 gr


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