Distributed Systems in Go

You've built a great application. It's running perfectly on a single server. But then, success happens. Traffic spikes. Your server's CPU hits 100%. Users see timeouts and error messages. Your database connection pool is exhausted. You're getting paged at 3 AM. You've hit a wall. You realize you can't just "scale up" by buying a bigger server anymore. The only answer is to "scale out" and run your application on many machines at once. But the moment you do, a dozen new, terrifying questions appear: How do services find each other if their IP addresses are always changing? How do you handle a "partial failure" where one server crashes but the others are fine? How do you keep your data correct when it lives in 10 different places? This book is the story of how you, as an engineer, solve these problems one by one. What's InsideI will guide you through a complete journey, starting from the foundations and building a production-ready service. You will learn: Master Concurrency: Go beyond a simple go keyword to master goroutines, channels, and the sync package. (Chapter 2) Build Communicating Services: Use gRPC and Protocol Buffers to create fast, type-safe APIs for your services. (Chapter 3) Solve the "Where Are You?" Problem: Implement automatic service discovery with tools like Consul so your services can find each other in a dynamic cloud. (Chapter 4) Build Unbreakable Software: This is the core. Implement the essential fault-tolerance patterns that all production systems use: Timeouts, Exponential Backoff Retries, and the all-powerful Circuit Breaker. (Chapter 5) Handle Massive Scale: Learn to "scale out" using load balancers, dramatically reduce database load with caching (like Redis), and partition your data with sharding. (Chapter 6) Manage Distributed Data: Understand the famous CAP Theorem (and why it's an "impossible choice") and learn the Saga Pattern to manage transactions that span multiple services. (Chapter 7) See Inside the Black Box: Finally, learn to observe your complete system with the "Three Pillars" Structured Logs, Prometheus Metrics, and Distributed Tracing. (Chapter 8) Who It's Meant ForI wrote this book for you if: You are a Go developer who feels comfortable with the language but wants to take the next step into building scalable, backend systems. You are a backend developer (using Python, Java, Node.js, etc.) who has heard about Go's power in this area and wants to learn how and why it's so effective. You are a junior- to mid-level engineer who has hit the limits of a single-server application and needs to understand the "next level" of system design. You are tired of your applications crashing under load and want to learn the patterns to build truly resilient software. Stop dreading your 3 AM alerts. Stop "hoping" your application doesn't crash. Failure is not an option-it is a guarantee. The only question is whether your system is prepared for it. This book gives you the tools and the confidence to design for failure. You will learn to build systems that are not just scalable but fault-tolerant and resilient. By the end of this book, you won't just be a Go developer; you'll be a Go systems engineer. Turn the page, and let's start building.