Relativity in Rotating Frames

Even if the subject is a long-standing one, this is the first monograph on this field. On the one hand, this book is intended to give a rather wide review on this field, both in a historical and pedagogical perspective; on the other hand, it aims at critically re-examining and discussing the most controversial issues. For instance, according to some authors the celebrated Sagnac effect is a disproval of the theory of relativity applied to rotating frames; according to others, it is an astonishing experimental evidence of the relativistic theory. In order to give the reader a deeper insight into this research field, the contributing authors discuss their opinions on the main subjects in an enthralling virtual round table: in this way, the reader can get a direct comparison of the various viewpoints on the most controversial and interesting topics. This is particularly expedient, since the differences in the various approaches are often based upon subtleties that can be understood only by a direct comparison of the underlying hypotheses.

Review :
Foundations of Physics, Vol. 34, No. 8, August 2004 ((c) 2004) Book Review Relativity in Rotating Frames. Relativistic Physics in Rotating Reference Frames. Edited by G.Rizzi and M.L.Ruggiero, (Fundamental Theories of Physics 135), 452 pp., $193.00. ISBN 1-4020-1805-3. Soon after Einstein s destruction of absolute simultaneity and Minkowski s formulation of special relativity, the problem of the relativistic description of extended bodies in rotating reference frames led to Ehrenfest s paradox with the subsequent Einstein s answer and to an endless still on going debate about the instantaneous space and the geometry of a rotating disk and the associated Sagnac effect. As emphasized by Stachel in the Preface of this book, edited by G.Rizzi and M.L.Ruggiero and composed of invited contributions, from both "traditionalists" and "heretics," the existence of a structural difference between translations and rotations goes back to Aristotle. Only with Newton translations with constant velocity where privileged with respect to other types of motion through the introduction of the notion of inertial reference frame and the law of inertia. This notion survived in Einstein s formulation of special relativity, but at the price of loosing the concept of instantaneous three-space: only the notion of being space-like with respect to an observer is well de.ned. Since a relativistic, either inertial or no inertial, observer has no "absolute present," the description of extended objects becomes a non-trivial problem. Given only the postulates of special relativity, namely the constancy and isotropy of the round-trip velocity of light involving only one observer and one clock, there is no unique de.nition of synchronization of clocks, of one-way velocity of light and of spatial distance in an instantaneous three-space. We must make some convention, for instance Einstein s convention of simultaneity in inertial frames implying an isotropic one-way velocity of light