Fracture Scaling

This volume is a collection of the papers given at the workshop on Fracture Scaling, held at the University of Maryland, USA, 10-12 June 1999, under the sponsorship of the Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA, USA. These papers can be grouped under five major themes: Micromechanical analysis Size effects in fiber composites Scaling and heterogeneity Computational aspects and nonlocal or gradient models Size effects in concrete, ice and soils . This workshop is the result of a significant research effort, supported by the Office of Naval Research, into the problems of scaling of fracture in fiber composites, and generally into the problems of scaling in solid mechanics. These problems, which are of interest for many materials, especially all quasibrittle materials, share similar characteristics. Thus, progress in the understanding of scaling problems for one material may help progress for another material. This makes it clear that a dialogue between researchers in various fields of mechanics is highly desirable and should be promoted. In view of this, this volume should be of interest to researchers and advanced graduate students in materials science, solid mechanics and civil engineering.

Table of Contents:
1. Micromechanical Analysis.- Models of interface separation accompanied by plastic dissipation at multiple scales.- The effects of heterogeneity and anisotropy on the size effect in cracked polycrystalline films.- Size effect relations associated with cohesive zone type fracture at a blunt stress concentration.- Scaling laws for elastoplastic fracture.- 2. Size Effects in Fiber Composites.- Scale effects in the initiation of cracking of a scarf joints.- Size effect in fracture of unidirectional composite plates.- Size effect on compression strength of fiber composites failing by kink band propagation.- Is there a thickness effect on compressive strength of unnotched composite laminates?.- 3. Scaling and Heterogeneity.- Failure and scaling properties of a softening interface connected to an elastic block.- A Model for predicting grain boundary cracking in polycrystalline viscoplastic materials including scale effects.- Effect of strain gradients on the size effect of concrete in uniaxial tension.- Scaling phenomena due to fractal contact in concrete and rock fractures.- Fractals and fractal scaling in fracture mechanics.- 4. Computational Aspects and Nonlocal or Gradient Models.- A unified framework for concrete damage and fracture models including size effects.- Finite element simulation of ring expansion and fragmentation: The capturing of length and time scales through cohesive models of fracture.- Strain gradient interpretation of size effects.- Use of neural networks for fitting of FE probabilistic scaling model parameters.- 5. Size Effects in Concrete, Ice and Soils.- Scale effects on the in-situ tensile strength and fracture of ice. Part I: Large grained freshwater ice at Spray Lakes Reservoir, Alberta.- Scale effects on the in-situ tensile strength and fractureof ice. Part II: First-year sea ice at Resolute, N.W.T..- Size effect and inverse analysis in concrete fracture.- Size effect in shallow and deep notched quasi-brittle structures.- Size effect on the concrete cone pullout load.- Fracture and size effect characters of cemented sand.- Author index.