Linking: The Geometry of Argument Structure(74 Studies in Natural Language and Linguistic Theory)

Linking – how semantic arguments map to the syntax – is one of the challenges for theories of the syntax-semantics interface. In this new approach, Janet Randall explores the hypothesis that the positions of syntactic arguments are strictly determined by lexical argument geometry. Yielding novel – if sometimes surprising – conclusions, her Isomorphic Linking Hypothesis establishes the linking patterns of a wide range of verbs and, with those results, shows how to reason "backwards" from how a given verb's arguments link to what its lexical representation must be. Along the way, the investigation takes on thorny lexical issues – reformulating the Theta Criterion, revisiting the multiple lexical-entry debate, eliminating "indirect" arguments and redefining unaccusativity. It offers new insights into how arguments are represented, assembles a host of argument/adjunct diagnostics, and re-examines the relation between arguments and predicates. The result of this incisive study is a simple and consistent account of linking, integrated with a radical rethinking of the nature of arguments and argument structure.

Table of Contents:
A Geometric Theory of Linking.- Conceptual Structure.- Eliminating the Direct/Indirect Internal Argument Distinction.- Explaining Linking Regularities.- Syntactically Unexpressed Arguments, Incorporation, and Adjuncts.- The Linking of Resultative Verbs: Clausal Fusion.- The Prohibition Against Double Fusion.- More Linking Results Across the Lexicon.- Causative Verbs with PLACE Arguments.- Unaccusatives: A Cluster of Verb Classes.- Complex Causative Verbs.- Other Verb Classes, Other Issues, and Conclusions.

Review :
From the reviews: "In the last fifteen years or so the field of lexical argument structure has burgeoned. The latest contribution to this central area of linguistic research, Janet Randall’s, Linking: The Geometry of Argument Structure, is an authoritative journey through a minefield of critical problems. Arguing a symmetry between conceptual structure and argument structure, it will richly reward those readers who do themselves the favor of taking the trip." (Samuel Jay Keyser, Professor Emeritus, MIT "Argument structure is one of the central areas of linguistic inquiry. Under this rubric, modern linguistics investigates word meaning, how word meaning informs syntactic structure and how languages may vary along this dimension. In this book, Janet Randall, building on much recent research, develops her own version of a geometrical theory of the lexicon and explores a restrictive hypothesis on how lexical entries project into syntactic structure, based on structure preservation. The pursuit of this idea takes the form of detailed analyses of a wide range of verb classes and the alternations they display (ranging from causatives, to unaccusatives, resultatives and many more). The outcome illustrates how effectively the search for explanatory models and the unraveling of empirical generalizations can sustain each other. Even those who, like myself, are not so inclined to think of word meaning in geometric terms, will find in this book a striking series of puzzles, challenges, and insights." (Gennaro Chierchia, Haas Foundations Professor of Linguistics Harvard University) "Janet Randall's book is a model of how to reason across the interface between conceptual structure and syntax. She marshals new and old facts about classic structures of ergatives, causatives, and unaccusatives, and particularly resultatives together with the full array of diagnostics from middles, passives, -able, -er, and nominalizations to develop a theory which shows the interaction of conceptual structure, syntactic projections, and the impact of morphology on argument structure. The role of adjuncts as selected and implicit arguments as allowed or blocked is thrown into sharp relief by her adroit use of morphology. It is a goldmine of razor-sharp observations about argument structure and morphology. Each theoretical step is supported by carefully developed empirical evidence. It will be a lasting accomplishment at both the theoretical and empirical level." (Tom Roeper, University of Massachusetts, Amherst) "This volume makes a range of original contributions, presenting many new paradigms and introducing a new kind of reasoning for formalizing lexical entries and relating them both to each other and to canonical syntactic realizations. At the center of this innovative account is a novel principle for deriving complex lexical entries from simple ones." (Joseph Emonds, Visiting Professor, Dept. of Basque Studies and Linguistics, University of the Basque Country)