Exploring Textbooks and Cultural Change in Nordic Education 1536–2020

Listen to the podcast with Editors Merethe Roos and Henrik Edgren This volume addresses a gap in previous research and explores Nordic textbooks chronologically and empirically from the Protestant Reformation to our present time. The chapters are written by scholars from universities in Finland, Denmark, Sweden and Norway, countries that distinguish themselves with a rich tradition of textbook research. The authors represent different academic traditions and use a wide range of scholarly methods and perspectives. The overall objective is to highlight how textbooks reflect national cultural politics and legislation. The various chapters cast light on how textbooks are integrated in national politics and demonstrate how they have contributed to nation-building and to strengthening the nations’ core values and other major political projects. Contributors are: Karl Christian Alvestad, Norunn Askeland, Kjell Lars Berge, Peter Bernhardsson, Kerstin Bornholdt, Mads B. Claudi, Henrik Edgren, Morten Fink-Jensen, Stig Toke Gissel, Thomas Illum Hansen, Pirjo Hiidenmaa, Marthe Hommerstad, Axel Hörstedt, Kari-Anne Jørgensen-Vittersø, Tujia Laine, Esbjörn Larsson, Ragnhild Elisabeth Lund, Christina Matthiesen, Eva Maagerø, Tuva Skjelbred Nodeland, Kari H. Nordberg, Merethe Roos, Henriette Hogga Siljan, Johan Laurits Tønnesson and Janne Varjo.

Table of Contents:
List of Figures and Tables Notes on Contributors Introduction  Merethe Roos and Kjell Lars Berge PART 1: The Reformation and Its Aftermath  Introduction to Part 1: The Reformation and Its Aftermath Henrik Edgren 1 Teaching and Educational Reforms in Denmark and Norway c. 1500–1750  Morten Fink-Jensen 2 Latin, Protestantism and Moral Conduct: Textbooks in Sweden in the Era of Reformation  Axel Hörstedt 3 Literacy, Schooling and the Role of Common People in the Educational Field in Finland in the Eighteenth Century  Tuija Laine PART 2: The Enlightenment Introduction to Part 2: The Enlightenment  Henrik Edgren 4 Anticipating Reforms and Changes: Control, Representation and Participation in Textbooks in Denmark-Norway in the Late 18th Century: Balthasar Münter and Johann Andreas Cramer  Merethe Roos 5 Using Textbooks to Constitute a Nation: On Ove Høegh-Guldberg’s Textbook Reforms in 18th Century Denmark-Norway  Kjell Lars Berge 6 Arguing for a Modern Subject: The Debate about Science Teaching in Swedish Grammar Schools in the Early 19th Century  Peter Bernhardsson PART 3: The Growth of Nationalism and the Formation of Democracy Introduction to Part 3: The Growth of Nationalism and the Formation of Democracy  Henrik Edgren 7 Writing in the Sand: The Impact of the Monitorial System on the Spread of Literacy in Sweden Prior to the School Act of 1842  Esbjörn Larsson 8 Politics, Catechisms and Democracy: Political Strife, Popular Power and Enlightenment in Norway 1814–1840  Marthe Hommerstad 9 Patriotism and Civic Identity in Swedish and Finnish School Readersafter 1860  Henrik Edgren 10 Here Be Vikings: Ethno-National Narratives in Late Nineteenth Century Norwegian Textbooks  Karl Christian Alvestad 11 Patriotism, Discipline and Joy in Early Nordic School Songbooks  Ragnhild Elisabeth Lund and Johan Laurits Tønnesson 12 Nation, Nature and Industry: Civic Ideals and National Consciousness in Nordahl Rolfsen’s Lesebok for folkeskolen  Tuva Skjelbred Nodeland PART 4: The Formation of the Welfare State Introduction to Part 4: The Formation of the Welfare State  Henrik Edgren 13 Democratising Aristocracy: Rhetorics and Politics in Norwegian Literary Histories through the 20th Century  Mads B. Claudi 14 Controlling Masses, Unfolding Individual Potentials, and Enabling Cooperative Participation: Physical Education in Germany and the Nordic Countries  Kerstin Bornholdt 15 From Fresh Air and Sunbathing to Wildlife and Snow Caves: ‘Friluftsliv’ in Norwegian Primary Schools, 1939–1980  Kari Anne Jørgensen-Vittersø 16 Sex Education in the 1950s: Reproduction, Family and the State  Kari Hernæs Nordberg 17 The Rise of the Finnish Comprehensive School in the 1960 and 1970s: The Same School for All  Janne Varjo PART 5: Globalisation and Digitalisation Introduction to Part 5: Globalisation and Digitalisation  Henrik Edgren 18 Learning Materials between Didactic Potential and Control: The Danish Teacher as Inscribed in and Mediator of the Learning Material  Stig Toke Gissel and Thomas Illum Hansen 19 Textbooks: Paving the Way from Church Schools to PISA Success in Finland  Pirjo Hiidenmaa 20 Gold to Salto: Critical Literacy in a BELMA-Awarded Textbook in Norwegian Language Arts  Henriette Siljan and Eva Maagerø 21 The Question of Dialogue in Danish: Representations of Argumentation in Curricula and Textbooks from the Perspectives of Isocrates, Grundtvig and Kierkegaard  Christina Matthiesen 22 Representations of the Alta-Kautokeino Conflict in Nordic Textbooks  Norunn Askeland Index

About the Author :
Merethe Roos, Ph.D. (2010), University of South-Eastern Norway, is Professor of History at that university. She has published monographs, anthologies and a number of articles on 18th and 19th century, including Enlightened Preaching. Balthasar Münter's authorship 1772–1793 (Brill, 2013). Kjell Lars Berge, Dr.Art. (1995), University of Oslo, is Professor of Textual Studies at the Department of Linguistic and Scandinavian Studies. He has published monographs, and many articles in fields as text linguistics, literacy and writing research, rhetoric, and text historical studies. Henrik Edgren, Ph.D. (2005), Uppsala University, is Associate Professor in the History education at the Department of Education. Edgren’ s main research area is patriotism and nationalism in 19th century Nordic textbooks. Pirjo Hiidenmaa, Ph.D. (1959), University of Helsinki, is Professor of Non-Fiction Literature. She has published articles and books on Finnish language, especially text and discourse analysis and literacy education. Christina Matthiesen, Ph.D. (2013), University of Copenhagen, is an Associate Professor of Rhetoric. She has published work on education and rhetoric in Scandinavia and internationally, and contributed to journals such as Advances in the History of Rhetoric.