Handbook of Hydrogen Storage: New Materials for Future Energy Storage

Owing to the limited resources of fossil fuels, hydrogen is proposed as an alternative and environment-friendly energy carrier. However, its potential is limited by storage problems, especially for mobile applications. Current technologies, as compressed gas or liquefied hydrogen, comprise severe disadvantages and the storage of hydrogen in lightweight solids could be the solution to this problem. Since the optimal storage mechanism and optimal material have yet to be identified, this first handbook on the topic provides an excellent overview of the most probable candidates, highlighting both their advantages as well as drawbacks. From the contents: ? Physisorption ? Clathrates ? Metal hydrides ? Complex hydrides ? Amides, imides, and mixtures ? Tailoring Reaction Enthalpies ? Borazan ? Aluminum hydride ? Nanoparticles A one-stop reference on all questions concerning hydrogen storage for physical and solid state chemists, materials scientists, chemical engineers, and physicists.

Table of Contents:
Preface STORAGE OF HYDROGEN IN THE PURE FORM Introduction Thermodynamic State and Properties Gaseous Storage Liquid Storage Hybrid Storage Comparison of Energy Densities Conclusion PHYSISORPTION IN POROUS MATERIALS Introduction Carbon Materials Organic Polymers Zeolites Coordination Polymers Conclusions CLATHRATE HYDRATES Introduction Clathrate Hydrate Structures Hydrogen Clathrate Hydrate Kinetic Aspects of Hydrogen Clathrate Hydrate Modeling of Hydrogen Clathrate Hydrates Future of Hydrogen Storage METAL HYDRIDES Introduction Elemental Hydrides Thermodynamics of Metal Hydrides Intermetallic Compounds Practical Considerations Metal Hydrides Systems Nanocrystalline Mg and Mg-Based Alloys Conclusion COMPLEX HYDRIDES Introduction Complex Borohydrides Complex Aluminum Hydrides Complex Transition Metal Hydrides Summary AMIDES, IMIDES AND MIXTURES Introduction Hydrogen Storage Properties of Amide and Imide Systems Structural Properties of Amide and Imide Prospects of Amide and Imide Systems Proposed Mechanism of the Hydrogen Storage Reaction in the Metal?N?H Systems Summary TAILORING REACTION ENTHALPIES OF HYDRIDES Introduction Thermodynamic Limitations of Lightweight Hydrides Strategies to Alter the Reaction Enthalpies of Hydrides Summary and Conclusion AMMONIA BORANE AND RELATED COMPOUNDS AS HYDROGEN SOURCE MATERIALS Introduction Materials Description and Characterization Production Thermally Induced Decomposition of Pure Ammonia Borane ALUMINUM HYDRIDE (ALANE) Introduction Hydrogen Solubility and Diffusivity in Aluminum Formation and Thermodynamics of Different Phases of Alane Stability and Formation of Adduct Organo-Aluminum Hydride Compounds Phases and Structures of Aluminum Hydride Novel Attempts and Methods for Forming Alane Reversibly Conclusion NANOPARTICLES AND 3D SUPPORTED NANOMATERIALS Introduction Particle Size Effects Non-Supported Clusters, Particles and Nanostructures Support Effects Preparation of Three-Dimensional Supported Nanomaterials Experimental Results on 3D-Supported Nanomaterials Conclusions and Outlook

About the Author :
Michael Hirscher is group leader at the Max Planck Institute for Metals Research, Stuttgart, Germany. He studied physics at the University of Stuttgart, Germany and at the Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA, receiving a Master?s degree, a Diploma, and Ph.D. degree in 1982, 1984, and 1987, respectively. For his achievements he was awarded the Otto Hahn Medal of the Max Planck Society in 1988. Prior to taking his position in Stuttgart, he spent a post-doctoral fellowship at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA. He is a pioneer in the area of physisorption of hydrogen, studying the most advanced materials and revealing the limitations of carbon nanotubes. His current research interests focus on nanoporous and nanoscale materials for hydrogen storage.