Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering: (Volumes 41-43 Materials Science Foundations)

Biomedical engineering involves the application of the principles and techniques of engineering to the enhancement of medical science as applied to humans or animals. It involves an interdisciplinary approach which combines the materials, mechanics, design, modelling and problem-solving skills employed in engineering with medical and biological sciences so as to improve the health, lifestyle and quality-of-life of individuals. Biomedical engineering is a relatively new field, and involves a whole spectrum of disciplines covering: bioinformatics, medical imaging, image processing, physiological signal processing, biomechanics, biomaterials and bioengineering, systems analysis, 3-D modelling, etc. Combining these disciplines, systematically and synergistically yields total benefits which are much greater than the sum of the individual components. Prime examples of the successful application of biomedical engineering include the development and manufacture of biocompatible prostheses, medical devices, diagnostic devices and imaging equipment and pharmaceutical drugs. The purpose of this book is to present the latest research and development carried out in the areas of biomedical engineering, biomaterials and nanomaterials science and to highlight the applications of such systems. Particular emphasis is given to the convergence of nano-scale effects, as related to the delivery of enhanced biofunctionality.

Table of Contents:
Foreword Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 Health Hazards of Manufactured, Natural Environmental and Other Anthropogenic Atmospheric Nanoparticulate Materials: Past, Present and Future 1. Introduction 2. Examples of Nanomaterials in the Past Millennia: Applications, Benefits and Health Hazards 3. Health Hazards of Environmental Dusts, Industrial PM and other Atmospheric PM 4. Nanotechnology in the Future: Health Hazard Potential of Nanoparticulates and Lessons from the Past 5. Summary. 6. Acknowledgements 7. References CHAPTER 2 Integration of Microfabrication and Surface Functionalization Strategies for Analysis of Cell-Surface Interactions 1. Introduction 2. Basic Principles for Protein and Cell Interactions with Solid Surfaces 3. Microfabrication and Photolithography Based Strategies for Mammalian Cell Patterning 3.2 Soft Lithography 4. Applications and Perspectives from Microfabricated Cell Patterns 5. Conclusion 6. Acknowledgment 7. References CHAPTER 3 Mechanics of Biomimetic/Biological Vesicles 1. Background 2. Vesicle Systems 3. Experimental Methods 4. Mathematical Modeling 5. Summary Acknowledgements. References CHAPTER 4 Engineered Titanium Surface Promoting Osseointegration 1. Introduction 2. Surface Modifications Enhance Osseointegration 3. Summary. 4. Acknowledgements 5. References CHAPTER 5 Electrospinning of Micro and Nano Fibers for Biomedical Applications 1. Introduction 2. Electrospinning Setup 3. Theory 4. Materials and Fiber Processing Techniques 5. Materials Characterization 6. Medical Applications 7. Conclusions Acknowledgements. References CHAPTER 6 Bioactive Glasses, New Opportunities for Tissue Engineering 1. Introduction 2. Bioactive Glasses: Examples of Second and Third Generation Materials 3. New Opportunities for Regenerative Medicine 4. Micro-Gravity Experimentation: Examples of on-Ground and in-Orbit Investigation 5. Summary 6. References CHAPTER 7 Ordered Nanoporous Silica Materials for Biomolecular Systems 1. Introduction 2. Surface Functionalisation of Nanoporous Silica Materials 3. Drug Delivery Using Nanoporous Silicas 4. Enzyme Immobilisation Using Nanoporous Silicas 5. Separation of Biomolecules Using Nanoporous Materials 6. Nanocasting Technology for “Smart Materials” in Biotechnology 7. other Biomedical Applications. 8. Concluding Remarks CHAPTER 8 Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration: from Tissue Replacement to Tissue Engineering 1. Introduction 2. Osteoconductive Biomaterials 3. Osteoinductive Biomaterials 4. Biomaterials for Bone Tissue Engineering 5. Future Prospects 6. References CHAPTER 9 Biomimetic Approaches to Synthesize Mineral and Mineral/Organic Biomaterials 1. Introduction 2. Biomimetically Precipitated Mineral 3. Mineral-Organic Hybrids 4. Summary and Future Applications 5. References CHAPTER 10 Fluoridated Hydroxyapatite Coating on Metallic Implant for Stability LIST OF SYMBOLS AND ABBREVIATIONS 1. Introduction 2. Fluoridated Hydroxyapatite 3. Preparation of Fluoridated Hydroxyapatite Coatings 4. Physical and Chemical Properties 5. Mechanical Properties 6. In Vitro and In Vivo Performance 7. Future Considerations for FHA Coated Implants. 8. Acknowledgement. References CHAPTER 11 Physiological Insights of Pharmacokinetics and Host Response for Drug Delivery System Design 1. Introduction 2. Pharmacokinetics 3. Therapeutic Peptides and Proteins 4. Immunogenicity 5. Body Response To Biomaterials 6. Summary 7. Rerences CHAPTER 12 Biomedical Devices: Microbiological Aspects 1. Biomedical Devices and Biofilms 2. In Vitro Considerations 3. Factors Affecting Microbial Colonization of Biomaterials 4. Prevention And Treatment 5. Conclusions 6. References CHAPTER 13 Adsorption of Proteins and Amino Acids onto Surfaces 1. Introduction. 1.1 Biomaterials 1.2 Biomedical Implants 1.3 Diamond Implants 1.4 Proteins and Amino Acids 1.5 Characteristics of Glycine 1.6 Amino Acid Attachment to Diamond Surfaces 1.7 Adsorption of Glycine onto Various Surfaces 1.8 Conclusions. Acknowledgments. References