Semantic Variation: Meaning in Society and in Sociolinguistics(2 Collected Works of Ruqaiya Hasan)

The sociolinguistic turn of the 60's has been remarkably successful: variability of language is no longer an issue open to debate. But studies of variation have by and large been restricted to the level of expression. This volume offers a critique of present day sociolinguistic, arguing that since meaning is critical to all contexts of life in society, ignoring it has led to a number of serious problems, foremost among them a mis-conception of the nature of sociolinguistics itself. By examining the possibility of systematic variation at the level of meaning, the volume makes a positive contribution to opening up a debate about the possibility of the neglected/misrepresented notion of semantic variation.Most chapters of the volume present an account of certain aspects of an empirical research which strongly supports the view that systematic variation in the choice of semantic features occurs across different social groups. Mothers and their young children less than four years old showed in their naturally occurring conversation a highly systematic, statistically significant, orientation to distinct styles of meaning, which correlated with their social positioning, and/or with the gender of the children. The comparison of kindergarten teachers' ways of meaning with those of mothers' provides empirical proof that teacher talk is an exaggerated version of middle class mothers' talk. The volume is relevant on the one hand to theoretical issues in linguistics and sociolinguistics and on the other, to any serious discourse about equitable education.

Table of Contents:
Editor's Introduction; Section 1: Language and sociolinguistic theory; 1 Wanted a theory for integrated sociolinguistics (first published in this volume); 2 On Semantic Variation (first published in this volume); Section 2: Questions and answers in sociolinguistic studies; 3 A sociolinguistic interpretation of everyday talk between mothers and children (with Carmel Cloran, 1990); 4 Language in the processes of socialization: Home and School (1988); 5 Semantic variation and sociolinguistics (1989); 6 Questions as a mode of learning in everyday talk (1991); Section 3: Social hierarchies and the concept of rationality; 7 Meaning in sociolinguistic theory (1992); 8 Rationality in everyday talk: from process to system (1992); Section 4: The world and the world of meanings; 9 Contexts for meaning (1993); 10 Two social factors in semantic variation (with Carmel Cloran, first published in this volume); 11 The ontogenesis of decontextualized language: some achievements of classification and framing (2001); 12 The world in words: Semiotic mediation, tenor and ideology (2004); This volume is accompanied by a CD containing; A Brief Summary of the Research on Semantic Variation; Conventions for Dialogue Transcription in the Included Sample; Sample of Mother-child Dialogues; Sample of Analysis; Identify Patterns in Linguistic Behaviour by Carmel Cloran; Semantic Networks: the Description of Linguistic Meaning in SFL by Ruqaiya Hasan, Carmel Cloran, Geoffrey Williams, and Annabelle Lukin (2007).

About the Author :
Ruqaiya Hasan, who died in 2015, was a professor of linguistics who taught and held visiting positions at various universities in England. Her last appointment was at Macquarie University, Australia, from where she retired as Emeritus Professor in 1994. Throughout her career she researched and published widely in the areas of verbal art, culture, context and text, text and texture, lexicogrammar and semantic variation. Jonathan J. Webster is Professor, Department of Chinese, Translation and Linguistics, and Director, The Halliday Centre for Intelligent Applications of Language Studies at the City University of Hong Kong. He is also the General Editor of the Equinox journal Linguistics and the Human Sciences and the editor (with Ruqaiya Hasan and Christian Matthiessen) of the two volume Continuing Discourse on Language: A Functional Perspective (Equinox, 2007).

Review :
"'This collection of papers all of them lucid, all of them thorough, all of them replete with either fundamental theoretical arguments or significant empirical results (or both), should be required reading for anyone interested in the future of sociolinguistics.' Frans Gregersen, Director, the LANCHART Centre at the University of Copenhagen"