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Home > Sciences & Environment > The environment > Environmental management > Towards Setting Environmental Quality Objectives for Soil Developing a Soil Protection Strategy for Ireland: A Discussion Document
Towards Setting Environmental Quality Objectives for Soil Developing a Soil Protection Strategy for Ireland: A Discussion Document

Towards Setting Environmental Quality Objectives for Soil Developing a Soil Protection Strategy for Ireland: A Discussion Document


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About the Book

This discussion document assembles existing information on soil resources in Ireland and the pressures and impacts on soil resources. The Environmental Protection Agency is required under section 75 of the EPA Act, 1992 to specify and publish quality objectives in relation to any environmental medium which the Agency considers reasonable and desirable, for the purposes of environmental protection. Soil, air and water are generally seen as the three main environmental compartments which are essential to life on earth. The quality of air, water and also soil can be determined by comparing a particular property of the medium against a selected standard. The quality of water and air has been assessed for many years using standards such as those specified in EU legislation e.g. Water Framework Directive, Air Framework Directive, Dangerous Substances Directive etc. However, the wide variety of natural soil types and characteristics and range of possible functions and uses makes the development of a soil protection strategy which sets out clear objectives and standards more problematical than developing objectives and standards for other environmental medium such as air or water. This discussion document assembles existing information on soil resources in Ireland and the pressures and impacts on soil resources. A key recommendation in the report is the need for the development of a soil protection strategy for Ireland, including the development of a national soil quality monitoring programme and the selection of a set of indicators which are representative of soil quality. The EPA considers it important that this document be presented as a discussion document, so that the views and suggestions of as wide a range of opinions as possible can be canvassed, prior to finalising recommendations. It is therefore hoped that comment and opinion will be expressed by all those wishing to make an input, especially those with interests or responsibilities in the area of soil protection. Comments on the document and suggestions in relation to the development of a soil protection strategy should be forwarded in writing to: Environmental Management and Planning Division, Environmental Protection Agency, Johnstown Castle Estate, Wexford by 30 November 2002.

Table of Contents:
CONTENTS...iii LIST OF FIGURES...v LIST OF TABLES...v PREFACE...vi 1. INTRODUCTION...1 1.1 Background...1 1.2 Soil...1 1.3 The need for a soil protection strategy...1 1.4 Aim and objective of a soil protection strategy...2 2. SOIL QUALITY AND FUNCTIONS...3 2.1 Introduction...3 2.2 Soil functions...3 2.3 Major and trace elements in soils...5 3. SOIL RESOURCES IN IRELAND...7 3.1 Introduction...7 3.2 Sources of information on soils...7 3.3 Soil classification in Ireland...8 3.4 Agricultural land use...12 3.5 Land cover and land use...13 3.5.1 CORINE land cover...13 3.5.2 Agricultural land use...13 3.5.3 Forestry land use...15 3.5.4 Protected areas of land...16 4. PRESSURES AND IMPACTS ON SOIL RESOURCES...19 4.1 Introduction...19 4.2 Agriculture...19 4.2.1 Application of agricultural organic wastes to soil...20 4.2.2 Soil degradation arising from agricultural activities...22 4.2.3 Pesticide use and disposal...23 4.3 Forestry...23 4.3.1 Quantifying impacts of plantation forestry on soils...23 4.3.2 Soil acidification...24 4.3.3 Soil erosion...24 4.4 Industry...26 4.4.1 Atmospheric deposition...27 4.4.2 Industrial organic waste disposal...29 4.4.3 Industrial contaminated soil...30 4.4.4 Loss of soil due to quarrying and mining activities...31 4.5 Peatland extraction...32 4.5.1 Introduction to peatlands...32 4.5.2 Pressure on peatland resources...33 4.6 Urbanisation and infrastructure development...34 5. SOIL PROTECTION STRATEGY...35 5.1 Introduction...35 5.2 Identify and review existing information on soils in Ireland...35 5.3 Develop a set of key soil quality indicators...35 5.4 Soil quality monitoring network...37 5.5 Develop a code of Good Practice for soil management...38 5.6 Recent developments at EU level...38 5.7 Recommendations...39 6. REFERENCES...41 APPENDIX A EXISTING LEGISLATION AND POLICIES ON SOIL PROTECTION...45 A.1 Introduction...45 A.2 Soil charters...45 A.2.1 World Soil Charter adopted by the FAO of the United Nations (1981)...45 A.2.2 European Soil Charter (Resolution (72) 19) adopted by the Committee of Ministers for the European Council (1972)...45 A.3 EU Legislation...46 A.3.1. Committee of Ministers for the European Council Recommendation No.R (92) 8 on Soil Protection 1992....46 A.3.2 Sewage Sludge Directive...47 A.3.3 Nitrates Directive...47 A.3.4 Habitats Directive...48 A.3.5 Council Directive on Environmental Impact Assessment...48 A.3.6 Water Framework Directive...49 A.4 National legislation...49 A.4.1 Local Government (Water Pollution) Acts, 1977-1990...49 A.4.2 Local Government (Water Pollution) Act, 1977 (Water Quality Standards for Phosphorus) Regulations (SI No. 258 of 1998)...50 A.4.3 EPA Act, 1992 and associated regulations...50 A.4.4 Waste Management, 1996 Act and associated regulations...51 A.5 Policies and Codes of Good Practice...51 A.5.1 Common Agricultural Policy and Agri-Environment Measures...51 A.5.2 Rural Environment Protection Scheme (REPS)...52 A.5.3 Code of Good Agricultural Practice to Protect Waters from Pollution by Nitrates 53 A.5.4 Good Farming Practice...53 A.5.5 Code of Best Forest Practice...54


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Product Details
  • ISBN-13: 9781840950922
  • Publisher: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
  • Publisher Imprint: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
  • Height: 297 mm
  • ISBN-10: 1840950927
  • Publisher Date: /08/2002
  • Binding: Paperback
  • Sub Title: A Discussion Document


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