Quine, Conceptual Pragmatism, and the Analytic-Synthetic Distinction: (American Philosophy)

Table of Contents:
Acknowledgments Introduction: Quine and Conceptual Pragmatism Chapter 1: Themes from Mind and the World Order: The Pragmatic A Priori, Analyticity and the Empirical Given Chapter 2: Harvard Graduate School and Quine's Early Pragmatism Chapter 3: Quine's Critical Transition: From the Carnap Lectures to Truth by Convention Chapter 4: Ongoing Philosophical Struggles and Lewis's An Analysis of Knowledge and Valuation Chapter 5: The Penn-Harvard Triangle and Two Dogmas of Empiricism Chapter 6: After Two Dogmas: From Pragmatism to Naturalized Epistemology Bibliography About the Author

About the Author :
Robert Sinclair is professor of philosophy in the Faculty of International Liberal Arts at Soka University in Tokyo.

Review :
In presenting a historical overview of Quine’s philosophical response to Lewis’ conceptual pragmatism, Sinclair offers a fresh perspective on the interplay between pragmatism and analytic philosophy in the mid-twentieth century. This work broadens our knowledge about Quine’s development, deepens our understanding of his objections to the analytic-synthetic distinction, and sheds new light on his naturalized epistemology. Sinclair’s book, in sum, is a must read for all Quine scholars and a valuable recourse for historians of analytic philosophy. In Quine, Conceptual Pragmatism and the Analytic-Synthetic Distinction, Robert Sinclair traces the often underappreciated influence of C.I. Lewis and his conceptual pragmatism on Quine’s early development. Starting with his graduate work, Sinclair details Quine’s growing discomfort with Lewis’s reliance on both the analytic-synthetic distinction and phenomenalism. While Quine was at first hopeful about analyticity, Sinclair shows how the exchanges with Lewis and Quine’s commitment to Lewis’s own style of pragmatism contribute to Quine’s rejection of the epistemological significance of the analytic-synthetic distinction and to his eventual move to naturalized epistemology. Emphasizing Lewis’s influence clarifies Quine’s claim to a more thorough pragmatism by taking us beyond just the typical focus on Carnap’s role. Further, tracing continuities between Lewis and Quine, Sinclair sheds useful light on the genesis and structure of Quine’s mature naturalism. Writing with clarity and a deft command of primary and secondary literature, Sinclair deepens and broadens our perspective on Quine’s development and a crucial period in the history of analytic philosophy. Sinclair succeeds in pulling a rabbit out of a hat, the rabbit being Quine's epistemological position as it was voiced in his famous 'Two Dogmas of Empiricism' of 1950, with its apparent denial of (the epistemological importance of) the analytic-synthetic distinction, the hat being the early influence -- when Quine was a mere graduate student -- of C. I. Lewis, for whom maintenance of that distinction was vital. The trick is to see the influence of the pragmatic aspects of Lewis' thought on Quine -- which are sometimes 'rather striking' as Sinclair reports -- and to do so in a supremely detailed manner (and it helps to pull off the trick with such agreeably unpretentious prose). This results in a more rounded picture of the early Quine than thinking of Carnap (and Russell) as the only significant influences. Quine’s complex relations to American pragmatism have generated more heat than light – until now. Sinclair shows that much of Quine’s philosophical development can be understood in terms of his continual engagement with the conceptual pragmatism of C. I. Lewis. Despite rejecting key commitments of Lewis’s, such as intensions, the analytic-synthetic distinction, and the independence of the sensory given from conceptual interpretation, Quine remained far closer to Lewis than is generally recognized. Sinclair convincingly shows that even though Quine’s naturalized epistemology is at odds with Lewis’s conceptual pragmatism, one can plausibly understand naturalized epistemology as a more consistent articulation of Lewis’s methodological commitments. By reconstructing the Lewis-Quine relation in detail, Sinclair has given us a new reading of the one most influential of 20th century analytic philosophers. Robert Sinclair persuasively makes the case for C.I. Lewis’s key role in the development of Quine’s philosophy. Drawing upon Quine’s graduate papers, Lewis’s two major books in epistemology, and various correspondences, Sinclair excavates important connections between Lewis’s conceptual pragmatism and Quine’s naturalized epistemology. In emphasizing these connections and paying careful attention to central distinctions from Lewis’s long-neglected An Analysis of Knowledge and Valuation, Sinclair provides a fresh and insightful reading of, among other works, Quine’s “Two Dogmas of Empiricism.” This book not only advances our understanding of Quine, but also of Lewis and his essential place in the history of analytic philosophy.