Geographical Places in Transportation: (ISTE Invoiced)

In the entanglement of practices, protagonists, techniques and infrastructures that enable mobility, transportation places play a crucial role. While transportation is often approached through the prism of networks, Geographical Places in Transportation invites us to shift our focus toward the places that link transportation and facilitate the movements of people, objects and materials. Through the myriad activities that unfold there, transportation places play an active role in the interdependencies that shape our daily lives. This book looks at transportation production and experience sites as places–processes, where a considerable proportion of society’s challenges and the habitability of territories are at stake: ecological transition; social inequalities; roles of minorities and living beings; access to employment and other resources; role of atmospheres and ambiances; commercial strategies and security concerns; expansion of digital capitalism; and relations with both the near and the distant.

Table of Contents:
Introduction xi Jean-Baptiste FRÉTIGNY Chapter 1. Infrastructure Networks and Major Transportation Places in the World: A Geohistorical Perspective 1 Anne BRETAGNOLLE and Christophe MIMEUR 1.1. Introduction 1 1.2. Transportation in the pre-industrial era: organization of long-distance land routes and supremacy of waterways 2 1.2.1. Invention of speed by the postal relay system 3 1.2.2. From cabotage to transatlantic navigation (15th-18th centuries) 4 1.2.3. Canals and locks at the nation-state level (16th-19th centuries) 6 1.3. The industrial and transportation revolution: scaling up, concentration processes and metropolization 8 1.3.1. Changes of scale in territorial integration processes 8 1.3.2. Hierarchical selection and bypassing of former stages 12 1.4. Globalization today: a new geography of dominant places shaped by transportation networks? 14 1.4.1. Containerization and international maritime freight: ver-renewed competition between the world’s metropolises 15 1.4.2. Air: a specific geography of dominant spaces and places 17 1.4.3. The material geography of the Internet: data transmission and storage infrastructures 21 1.5. Conclusion 24 1.6. References 25 Chapter 2. Gateways or Globalization Taking Place(s): Interdependencies in Question 31 Nadine CATTAN and Jean-Baptiste FRÉTIGNY 2.1. Introduction: staples of globalization 31 2.2. A kaleidoscope of gateways 33 2.2.1. Site gateways 34 2.2.2. Corridor gateways 36 2.2.3. Territorial gateways 36 2.2.4. Embodied gateways 39 2.3. Why do gateways matter? 40 2.3.1. Major attractors: how to endure? 40 2.3.2. Giants with feet of clay 42 2.3.3. Who governs gateways? 45 2.4. Conclusion 47 2.5. References 48 Chapter 3. Shifting Economic Models of Transportation Places 51 Juliette MAULAT and Mathilde PEDRO 3.1. Introduction 51 3.2. From a public model to a market-oriented model: the evolution of transportation place economics 53 3.2.1. The traditional economic model of stations and airports: network-centric and publicly regulated 53 3.2.2. New financing instruments: public-private partnerships, commercialization and real estate development 54 3.2.3. Differentiated economic models 56 3.3. Explanatory factors: sectoral restructuring, liberalization, state transformation and circulation of models 57 3.3.1. Liberalization of transportation and the logics of competition. 57 3.3.2. The restructuring of the state, the doctrines of new public management and austerity policies 60 3.3.3. The circulation of new urban planning and financing models 61 3.4. Effects of these changes on the functions, forms and practices of stations and airports: models in question 62 3.4.1. The complex interplay between transit and commercial functions 63 3.4.2. The territorial consequences of transforming transportation places: densification, competition and citizen opposition 65 3.4.3. Are economic models for transportation places weakening? 68 3.5. Conclusion 69 3.6. References 70 Chapter 4. Logistics Places: An Urban Geography of Post-Industrial Blue-Collar Workers 75 Nicolas RAIMBAULT 4.1. Introduction 75 4.2. Warehouse blue-collar workers and the social issues of diffuse urbanization 77 4.2.1. The blue-collar world of warehouses 78 4.2.2. Outer-suburban logistics parks: the emergence of working-class economic centralities beyond the industrial inner suburbs 79 4.2.3. The social issues of blue-collar labor in diffuse urban areas 83 4.2.4. Toward a politicization of these emerging working-class centralities? 84 4.3. Delivering the city: working classes and mobile work in urban spaces 87 4.3.1. An explosion of deliveries, a low-cost economy 87 4.3.2. Delivery platformization 88 4.3.3. Self-employed workers and working classes 90 4.3.4. Mobilizations and alternatives 91 4.4. Conclusion 94 4.5. References 94 Chapter 5. Public Space and Transportation: Friend or Foe? 99 Antoine FLEURY and Jean-Baptiste FRÉTIGNY 5.1. Introduction 99 5.2. Transportation infrastructure as an integral part of public space 101 5.2.1. (Im)mobile transportation places as hotspots of social life 101 5.2.2. Transportation roads and their multiple relationships with public space 104 5.3. The contested role of transportation in the making of public spaces 106 5.3.1. Three parameters for sharing space 106 5.3.2. Shifts in the contemporary sharing of public space 109 5.4. Designing public space and transportation together 113 5.4.1. The quest for a fair sharing of space 113 5.4.2. Extending the domain of public spaces to other transportation infrastructures 116 5.5. Conclusion 121 5.6. References 122 Chapter 6. The Revival of Active Modes in Global North Cities 127 Jean-Paul HUBERT, Kaduna-Eve DEMAILLY and Clément DUSONG 6.1. Introduction: extracting active mobility from the places assigned by functionalist planning 127 6.2. Words and watchwords of active mobility 129 6.2.1. A mobility called to the rescue of major causes 130 6.2.2. National strategy and local implementations 131 6.2.3. Quantification and measurement of objectives 132 6.2.4. A combination of different strengths 134 6.3. The sharing of public space in question 137 6.3.1. Reintegrating of active modes into general circulation 139 6.3.2. Enhancing the continuity of pathways 141 6.3.3. Addressing intermodality with public transportation and coexistence between active modes 142 6.4. Conclusion: active modes as vectors for the activation of places 144 6.5. References 145 Chapter 7. Sensory Urban Mobilities: Experiences and Uses of Ambiances 149 Damien MASSON 7.1. Introduction 149 7.2. Ambiances and mobilities, ambiances of mobilities: specificities of an object and of an approach for places and transportation 152 7.2.1. Architectural and urban ambiances? 152 7.2.2. Ambiances and mobilities: a methodological porosity 154 7.3. Users as producers of ambiances: what sensory experiences of ordinary mobile practices? 156 7.4. The production of ambiances by the operators of transportation spaces 158 7.4.1. Forming an ambiance? 159 7.4.2. What ambiances for transportation places, and in order to do what? 160 7.5. Power for ambiances? Safety in question 164 7.6. Conclusion 167 7.7. References 168 Chapter 8. Paratransit Places: Spaces of In-Betweenness in Cities of the Global South 173 Solène BAFFI 8.1. Introduction 173 8.2. Places that shape metropolitan areas 175 8.2.1. Paratransit, a sector structured by its places 175 8.2.2. Paratransit stations and stops: places of resources and sociability 177 8.2.3. Polarities within fragmented urban spaces 178 8.3. Places with high stakes and power relationships 180 8.3.1. Places imposing their presence in the urban space 180 8.3.2. The shadow planning of paratransit places 182 8.3.3. The sense of place of paratransit: a world in its own right 185 8.4. The evolution of paratransit, a mirror of urban space hybridization 187 8.4.1. "Institutional bricolage" as a mode of production of urban space 187 8.4.2. Formalizing informality: planning hybrid services 189 8.4.3. The blurring effect of digital tools 190 8.5. Conclusion 192 8.6. References 193 Chapter 9. From Rapprochement to Separation: Transportation Places and Mobile Segregation 199 Jean-Baptiste FRÉTIGNY 9.1. Introduction 199 9.2. Disjunctions in the frequentation of transportation places 201 9.2.1. The social marking of transportation places 201 9.2.2. Separation and interdependence: the ambivalence of roads 205 9.2.3. An environmental transition without social justice? 207 9.3. The transportation place as a material and symbolic distancing device 210 9.3.1. The kaleidoscopic "place struggle" 210 9.3.2. Beyond passengers 216 9.4. Conclusion 219 9.5. References 221 Chapter 10. Heritage Development of Transportation Places 227 Pierre-Louis BALLOT 10.1. Introduction 227 10.2. A traditional heritage development of transportation places: the example of stations and ports 229 10.2.1. Stations and ports: symbol-places of urban, national and imperial territories, and their diverse values 229 10.2.2. The future of heritage stations: inherited objects faced with contemporary issues 231 10.3. The heritage development of roads: production of places and territories 232 10.3.1. Roads and their diverse forms of heritage development 232 10.3.2. National Road 7: from Roman road to a heritage object 234 10.3.3. The heritage developments of National Road 7: between mediatization and local initiatives 235 10.3.4. The road as a local-scale event 237 10.4. Transportation and heritage development of the present: the example of airports 240 10.4.1. The challenging heritage development of highly evolving places 240 10.4.2. An emerging heritage development 241 10.5. Conclusion 244 10.6. References 244 List of Authors 249 Index 251

About the Author :
Jean-Baptiste Frétigny is Associate Professor in Human Geography at CY Cergy Paris Université, France, and Deputy Director of the PLACES research unit. His recent work includes coediting a volume on low-cost aviation (Elsevier 2022) and another on the relationships between public spaces and mobilities (PUR 2022). He is also the author of a book on the decarbonization policies of mobilities (Éditions de la Sorbonne 2024).