Energy Transition in Metropolises, Rural Areas, and Deserts

Energy Transition in Metropolises, Rural Areas and Deserts presents detailed field studies of energy transition in Lille, Riyadh, Fayence, Bokhol, Ouarzazate and the Arabian Desert. It analyzes local actions and good practices – according to the resources and constraints involved – in the process of removing the obstacles to the transition. Solutions are sought for the right type of space for buildings, transport, industry and services, and targets are set for Europe, the Middle East and Africa as part of the Paris Climate Agreement. As a pedagogical tool, this book is aimed at not only politicians and professionals, but also any members of the public who wish to learn about changes in production and energy consumption.

Table of Contents:
Foreword vii Preface ix Acknowledgments xi List of Acronyms xiii Chapter 1. Three Types of Space for Analyzing Energy Transition 1 1.1. From energy-to-energy transition 1 1.2. Presentation of the six research areas. 8 1.3. The importance of climates in the energy transition 12 1.4. Energy sectors analyzed by field 14 Chapter 2. Energy Transition in Metropolises 17 2.1. Energy characteristics in metropolises 17 2.2. The example of Riyadh in Saudi Arabia 22 2.2.1. Presentation of Riyadh 22 2.2.2. Development, construction and housing of Riyadh 32 2.2.3. Transport from Riyadh 47 2.2.4. Riyadh’s challenges for energy transition 51 2.3. The example of the European Metropolis of Lille in France 63 2.3.1. Presentation of the European Metropolis of Lille 63 2.3.2. Development, construction and housing of the European Metropolis of Lille 71 2.3.3. Transport of the European Metropolis of Lille 77 2.3.4. Challenges of the European Metropolis of Lille for the energy transition 81 2.4. Lessons learned from the energy transition in metropolises 92 2.4.1. Priority to controlling energy consumption in metropolises 95 2.4.2. Microproduction of energy in metropolises 102 2.4.3. Peripheral power generation units and networks 104 Chapter 3. The Energy Transition in Rural Areas 109 3.1. The characteristics of energy in rural areas 109 3.2. The example of Pays de Fayence in France 112 3.2.1. Presentation of Pays de Fayence 112 3.2.2. Development of the Pays de Fayence 117 3.2.3. Transport in the Pays de Fayence 130 3.2.4. Challenges of the Pays de Fayence for the energy transition 132 3.3. The example of Bokhol in Senegal 137 3.3.1. Presentation of Bokhol 137 3.3.2. Development of the Bokhol site 149 3.3.3. Bokhol’s challenges for the energy transition 156 3.4. Lessons learned from the energy transition in rural areas 158 3.4.1. Dynamics of positive energy territories 160 3.4.2. Complex regulations and rurality 165 3.4.3. Landscapes and rurality 168 Chapter 4. The Energy Transition in the Desert 171 4.1. The characteristics of energy in the desert 171 4.2. The example of Ouarzazate in Morocco 172 4.2.1. Presentation of Ouarzazate 172 4.2.2. Spatial planning in Ouarzazate 183 4.2.3. Ouarzazate’s challenges for the energy transition 186 4.3. The example of Neom in Saudi Arabia 188 4.3.1. Neom’s presentation 188 4.3.2. Development of the Neom project 195 4.3.3. Neom’s challenges for the energy transition 199 4.4. Lessons learned from the energy transition in the desert 200 Conclusion 205 References 219 Index 223

About the Author :
Louis Boisgibault, PhD, is a lecturer at HEC Paris and CEO of VALMERE in France. Fahad Al Kabbani, PhD, is Director General of Energy Forever Co Ltd in Saudi Arabia.