Rights-Based Constitutional Review: Constitutional Courts in a Changing Landscape(Studies in Comparative Law and Legal Culture series)

'This collection is a timely survey of the role of constitutional courts in comparative perspective - it provides an excellent summary of developments in a range of jurisdictions, and locates them in a broader social and political context. Among other factors, it considers global trends toward increasing international and regional human rights protection, increased recognition of second and third generation rights, and trends toward decentralization in democratic governance. It is bound to be of broad interest to both comparative constitutional lawyers and scholars.' - Rosalind Dixon, University of New South Wales, Australia Constitutional review has become an essential feature of modern liberal democratic constitutionalism. In particular, constitutional review in the context of rights litigation has proved to be most challenging for the courts. By offering in-depth analyses on changes affecting constitutional design and constitutional adjudication, while also engaging with general theories of comparative constitutionalism, this book seeks to provide a heightened understanding of the constitutional and political responses to the issue of adaptability and endurance of rights-based constitutional review. These original contributions, written by an array of distinguished experts and illustrated by the most up-to-date case law, cover Australia, Belgium, Finland, France, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States, and include constitutional systems that are not commonly studied in comparative constitutional studies. Providing structured analyses, the editors combine studies of common law and civil law jurisdictions, centralized and decentralized systems of constitutional review, and large and small jurisdictions. This multi-jurisdictional study will appeal to members of the judiciary, policy-makers and practitioners looking for valuable insights into the case law of a range of constitutional and supreme courts in this rapidly expanding field of constitutional adjudication. It also serves as an excellent resource for academics, scholars and advanced students in the fields of law, human rights and political science. Contributors: J. Bell, E. Carolan, C. Chandrachud, A. Kavanagh, C. Kelly, J. Lavapuro, T. Ojanen, M.-L. Paris, P. Passaglia, A.R. Robledo, M. Rosenfeld, M. Scheinin, J. Stellios, R. Uitz, M. Verdussen, M. Zagor

Table of Contents:
Contents: Preface Setting the Scene: Elements of Constitutional Theory and Methodology of the Research Marie-Luce Paris PART I BILLS OF RIGHTS AND ACTS OF INCORPORATION: US EXCEPTIONALISM AND ADAPTATION OF THE PARLIAMENTARY MODEL 1. The United States of America: A Comparativist Critique of US Judicial Review of Fundamental Rights Cases: Exceptionalisms, Paradoxes and Contradictions Michel Rosenfeld 2. The United Kingdom: Rights-based Constitutional Review in the UK: From Form to Function Chintan Chandrachud and Aileen Kavanagh 3. Ireland: Leaving Behind the Commonwealth Model of Rights Review: Ireland as an Example of Collaborative Constitutionalism Eoin Carolan A Tale of Two Rights-based Reviews or how the European Convention on Human Rights Act 2003 has Impacted on the Irish Model of Review Cliona Kelly 4. Australia: Australian Constitutionalism and the UK-style Dialogue Model of Human Rights Protection James Stellios Adventures in the Grey Zone: Constitutionalism, Rights and the Review of Executive Power in the Migration Context Matthew Zagor 5. Finland: Intermediate Constitutional Review in Finland: Promising in Theory, Problematic in Practice Juha Lavapuro, Tuomas Ojanen and Martin Scheinin PART II CONSTITUTIONAL COURTS AND CONSTITUTIONAL REFORMS: SPECIFIC EUROPEAN EXPERIENCES TOWARDS AN EVOLUTION OF THE KELSENIAN MODEL 6. Italy: The Italian System of Constitutional Review: A Kelsenian Model Moving Towards a Decentralized Model? Paolo Passaglia 7. Spain: The Spanish Experience of Rights-based Review or how Constitutional Case Law has been More Principled than Legislation in Defence of Fundamental Rights Agustín Ruiz Robledo 8. France: The French System of Rights-based Review: From Exceptionalism to Parochial Constitutionalism Marie-Luce Paris 9. Belgium: The Belgian Experience of Rights-based Review: Has the Constitutional Court Become a Body Subordinated to the European Court of Human Rights? Marc Verdussen 10. Hungary: The Illusion of a Constitution in Europe: The Hungarian Constitutional Court after the Fifth Amendment of the Fundamental Law Renáta Uitz PART III CONCLUSION 11. Comparative Law and Fundamental Rights John Bell Index

About the Author :
Edited by John Bell, University of Cambridge, UK and Marie-Luce Paris, University College Dublin, Ireland

Review :
'This collection provides a fresh picture of the situation of constitutional review in a broad set of jurisdictions. The chapters demonstrate powerful shifts toward a model of constitutional review to protect individual rights, but they also quite admirably elaborate on the tensions, divergences, pressures and triumphs in each country. A superb introduction to judicial review in an important set of countries.' --Tom Ginsburg, University of Chicago'Even well-established systems of constitutional review in Anglo-European legal systems have undergone significant change over the past few decades. These valuable essays provide an overview of those developments, and bring out especially clearly the increasing importance of ''dialogic'' forms of constitutional review, the penetration of transnational law into domestic constitutional systems, and important changes specific to individual national systems, all of which will make this collection helpful to scholars of comparative constitutional law.' --Mark Tushnet, Harvard University 'Bell and Paris have brought together a galaxy of talent to help comparative lawyers and political scientists understand the fast moving world of rights-based review. Detailed chapters explaining recent developments in Ireland, the United Kingdom, Italy, Spain, Hungary, Belgium, France, Australia, Finland, and the United States provide a valuable introduction to those who seek to catch-up with developments, and a rich analysis of those developments for those already immersed in them. This is a most welcome addition to comparative constitutional scholarship.' --Christopher McCrudden FBA, Queen's University, Belfast, UK and University of Michigan Law School