Groundbreaking thinking on how bacterial metabolism is foundational to pathogenesis
For too long, bacterial metabolism and bacterial pathogenesis have been studied as separate entities. However, the scientific community is beginning to realize that not only are bacterial nutrient acquisition and utilization essential for pathogenesis, but that interfering with the pathogen-specific metabolic pathways used during infection can regulate virulence factor expression and might lead to effective breakthroughs in a variety of treatments.
Editors Paul Cohen and Tyrrell Conway, who pioneered the use of metabolic mutants in competitive colonization assays, an approach now widely used to investigate the nutrition of pathogens in vivo, are uniquely qualified to advance our knowledge of this integrative field of research. They convened a group of contributors who are breaking new ground in understanding how bacterial metabolism is foundational to pathogenesis to share their expert perspectives and outlook for the future.
Beginning with overviews, Metabolism and Bacterial Pathogenesis covers
- a wide range of diseases and both Gram-positive and -negative bacteria that serve as model systems for in vitro and in vivo investigations
- intracellular, respiratory, and enteric pathogens
- pathogen-specific nutrient acquisition in hosts
- mechanisms of host-driven metabolic adaptation by pathogens
- metabolic regulation of virulence gene expression
Useful for specialists in bacterial pathogenesis and specialists in metabolism as well as molecular biologists, physicians, veterinarians, dentists, graduate and undergraduate students, and laboratory technicians, Metabolism and Bacterial Pathogenesis is also essential reading for scientists studying the microbiome.
Table of Contents:
1 Glycolysis for the Microbiome Generation
2 Pathogenesis - Thoughts from the Front Line
3 Metabolic Adaptations of Intracellullar Bacterial Pathogens and their Mammalian Host Cells during Infection ("Pathometabolism")
4 Small RNAs Regulate Primary and Secondary Metabolism in Gram-negative Bacteria
5 Sialic acid and N-acetylglucosamine Regulate type 1 Fimbriae Synthesis
6 Trigger Enzymes: Coordination of Metabolism and Virulence Gene Expression
7 Regulating the Intersection of Metabolism and Pathogenesis in Gram-positive Bacteria
8 Borrelia burgdorferi: Carbon Metabolism and the Tick-Mammal Enzootic Cycle
9 Metabolism and Pathogenicity of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infections in the Lungs of Individuals with Cystic Fibrosis
10 Metabolism and Fitness of Urinary Tract Pathogens
11 Bacterial Metabolism in the Host Environment: Pathogen Growth and Nutrient Assimilation in the Mammalian Upper Respiratory Tract
12 Saliva as the Sole Nutritional Source in the Development of Multispecies Communities in Dental Plaque
13 Enteric Pathogens Exploit the Microbiota-generated Nutritional Environment of the Gut
14 The Roles of Inflammation, Nutrient Availability and the Commensal Microbiota in Enteric Pathogen Infection
15 Host Sialic Acids: A Delicacy for the Pathogen with Discerning Taste
16 Commensal and Pathogenic Escherichia coli Metabolism in the Gut
Index
About the Author :
Tyrrell was born in Bartlesville, Oklahoma, and is married for 29 years to Sharri Conway, an elementary school teacher. They have two children. Tyrrell graduated from Oklahoma State University with a doctorate in Microbiology. He held faculty appointments at the University of Florida, University of Nebraska, Ohio State University, the University of Oklahoma, and currently is Professor and Head of Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics at Oklahoma State University. Amongst several scientific discoveries Tyrrell is the co-inventor of U.S. Patent number 5,000,000 for genetically engineering E. coli to make biofuels and published the first DNA microarray paper on E. coli. He and Paul Cohen were the first scientists to systematically determine what carbon sources are used by E. coli to colonize the animal intestine. Tyrrell is a member of the American Academy of Microbiology. If he had time, he would read more novels and go fishing more often.
Review :
One of the issues with being in a postgenomic world is that the puzzles are now more intricate. We can no longer be satisfied with understanding what single genes may do as we are holding entire decrypted genomes in our hands. The same is true for function, or phenotype, or even behavior. In order to help begin unraveling one such convoluted puzzle, Tyrrell Conway and Paul Cohen have put together in their new book a very capable collection of chapters helping us to understand how metabolism interacts with pathogenesis in bacteria. This volume is a welcome marker of our time, laying groundwork for potential future directions in dissecting pathogenesis and disease.
Metabolism and Bacterial Pathogenesis begins with chapters devoted to providing a review of metabolic pathways and pathogenesis itself. From there, readers are treated to a series of chapters that discuss metabolism and pathogenesis in a series of well-known pathogenic organisms, including Borrelia burgdorferi, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and, on a more general level, gram-positive as well as gram-negative bacteria. There is even an entire chapter devoted to oral pathogens and their metabolic needs. In truth, just about anyone with a more than casual interest in microbiology should be able to find a chapter-length treatment of their pathogen of interest with regard to the topics mentioned in the book's title. There should be almost no one who would not both learn something new and interesting in any given chapter, all of which were written by highly regarded researchers. The audience that is most accurately targeted would be a graduate-level course on pathogens. I can see a good number of these chapters becoming standard reading for many such courses.
That being said, there are a few issues with the book. First, and perhaps most strikingly, there is no chapter devoted to metabolomics. Surely, in a publication designed to help understand the connections between pathogenesis and metabolism, a chapter devoted to the —omics study of metabolism is warranted. Unfortunately, Conway and Cohen provide no explanation as to why they chose not to include one. This is, however, the only misstep attributable to the editors, with the remainder all squarely resting with the usually more than capable publisher, ASM Press. In fact, there are a number of publisher-based issues, none of which are catastrophic, but all that certainly should not appear in final print. These include misspelled chapter author names or incorrect order of author's names in chapter page headers. There are figures that are far too small to read without magnification or, in other cases, figures that are oversized. Additionally, there is an odd mix of color and black-and white figures, sometimes even on adjoining pages.
And perhaps most peevish: poor copyediting evidenced by numerous misspelled words and improper punctuation. In recommending Metabolism and Bacterial Pathogenesis, the suggestion is to focus on the content and not be overly concerned with the lower-than-expected fit and finish of the book itself. The content is worth the extra effort.
Volume 91, Number 2
June 2016
—Fabrizio Spagnolo, Applied Biomathematics Inc., Setauket, New York
