Research in Communication Sciences and Disorders: Methods for Systematic Inquiry

Research in Communication Sciences and Disorders: Methods for Systematic Inquiry, Fourth Edition is a comprehensive yet comprehendible text meant for instructors and students of research methods in the field of communication sciences and disorders. This forward-thinking book reflects the movement toward evidence-based practice in speech-language pathology and audiology. The authors ensure that the concepts associated with evidence-based practice are integrated throughout the chapters. Rather than treating empirical research and searching for clinical evidence as separate topics, this text presents both as different applications of a process of scientific inquiry. The order of the chapters reflects the steps a researcher or clinician might complete when conducting an investigation. Also included are features that help students be more active in learning the material. Each chapter has a set of review questions or case scenarios that can be used as homework, as probe questions in class, or as a basis for group activities. In addition, the authors provide lists of supplemental readings from the research literature in the field. As with the previous edition, the fourth edition benefits instructors and students alike with access to a PluralPlus companion website. The website provides convenient lecture slides for each chapter and answers to review questions for instructors. For students, the website lists the key words for each chapter, provides links to supplemental websites and documents, and displays interactive versions of many of the figures within the text. New to the Fourth Edition New author: Jaimie L. Gilbert, PhD for an enhanced audiology perspective New chapter: Writing a Literature Review Reorganized for better flow of information. Various new and updated references to reflect the current state of research Additional illustrations and tables Expanded material on critical appraisal

Table of Contents:
Chapter 1. Empirical and Nonempirical Research: An Overview Systematic Inquiry Some Roles for Research Types of Research Variables Getting Started with Research Summary Review Questions References Appendix 1-1. Tips for Reading a Research Article Chapter 2. Ethical Considerations Protection of Human Participants Special Protections Historical Perspective Institutional Review Boards Research Integrity Avoiding Conflicts of Interest Credit for Intellectual Effort Attribution of Ideas Accuracy in Reporting Information Data Management Confidentiality and Privacy Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act HIPAA Summary Review Questions Learning Activities References Appendix 2-1. Research Scenario Chapter 3. Identifying and Formulating Research Questions Identifying Important Questions Formulating Research Questions Ways to Formulate a Research Problem Evidence-Based Practice Questions Criteria for Well-Formed Questions Establishing Validity and Reliability Summary Review Questions Learning Activities References Chapter 4. Completing a Literature Search and Literature Review Purposes of a Literature Search Planning and Conducting a Search Search Tools Designing a Search Strategy Organizing and Documenting Your Literature Search Summary Review Questions Learning Activities References Appendix 4-1. Electronic Literature Search Chapter 5. Writing a Literature Review Research Phases Purposes of a Literature Review Organization Note Taking Writing the Paper Example of an Outline Summary and Conclusions Section Citations and References Example 1: Paraphrase from a Single Source Example 2: Paraphrase from a Single Source' Example 3: Short Quote from Another Source Example 4: Short Quote from Another Source Example 1: Entry for a Journal Article from a Print Source Example 2: Entry for a Journal Article with a DOI Number Example 3: Entry for a Journal Article without a DOI Number Example 4: Entry for a Book Example 5: Entry for a Chapter in an Edited Book Example 6: Entry for a Website Document Literature Review Check List Types of Literature Reviews Summary Review Questions Learning Activities References Chapter 6. Nonexperimental Research Design Nonexperimental Research Designs Survey Research Case Studies Longitudinal Research Correlation and Regression Group Comparisons Causal-Comparative Research Qualitative Research Ethnography Grounded Theory Case Study Phenomenology Conversation Analysis Scientific Rigor in Qualitative Research Summary Review Questions Learning Activities References Appendix 6-1. Examples of Research Designs Chapter 7. Experimental Research and Levels of Evidence Experimental Research Designs Posttest-Only Designs Pretest-Posttest Randomized Control Group Design Solomon Randomized Four-Group Design Switching Replications Design Factorial Designs Importance of Experimental Control History Maturation Statistical Regression Instrumentation Selection Mortality Quasi-Experimental Approaches Nonequivalent Control Group Designs Repeated Measures Group Design Single-Subject Designs Single-Subject Design Quality Experimental Designs and Levels of Evidence Summary Review Questions Learning Activities References Appendix 7-1. Research Scenario Chapter 8. Research Participants and Sampling Populations and Samples Sample Characteristics Sampling Methods Simple Random Sampling Systematic Sampling Stratified Random Sampling Cluster Sampling Purposive Sampling Random Assignment Sample Size Summary Review Questions Learning Activities References Chapter 9. Data Analysis: Describing Different Types of Data Levels of Measurement Visual Representation of Data Descriptive Statistics Frequencies and Percentages Measures of Central Tendency Measures of Variability Means as Estimates Shapes of Distributions Summary Review Questions Learning Activities References Chapter 10. Data Analysis: Inferential Statistics Inferential Statistics Measures of Association Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient Coefficient of Determination Spearman Rank-Order Correlation Chi Square and Contingency Coefficient Simple Regression and Multiple Regression Testing for Differences Between Two Samples Independent and Paired t-Tests Confidence Intervals Mann-Whitney U Sign Test and Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Ranks Test Testing for Differences among Three or More Samples Statistical Analysis for Factorial Designs Additional Tools for Analyzing Clinical Data Caution in the Use and Reporting of Statistics Summary Review Questions Learning Activities References Appendix 10-1. Examples of Data Analysis Procedures Chapter 11. Research Outcomes: Clinical Guidance, Research Reports Knowledge Base for Evaluating Clinical Research Critical Appraisal How Applicable Are the Findings Reporting Research Findings Components of a Research Report Writing Guidelines and Writing Style Disseminating Research Findings Summary Review Questions Learning Activities References

About the Author :
Lauren K. Nelson, PhD, is an associate professor and head of the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at the University of Northern Iowa (UNI). Since coming to UNI in 1990, she has taught courses in articulation and phonological disorders, child language disorders, phonetics, prevention of communication disorders, and research methods. Her educational background includes a BS degree from Northern Michigan University and an MA degree from Central Michigan University. After working for 2 years in an Iowa area education agency, she returned to school and completed her PhD studies at Memphis State University (now University of Memphis).+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++Jaimie L. Gilbert, Ph.D., is an assistant professor in the Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders at the University of Northern Iowa. She received a B.A. in Communicative Disorders and in Linguistics from the University of Wisconsin and an M.A. and a Ph.D. in Speech and Hearing Sciences (Audiology) from the University of Illinois. Dr. Gilbert completed a post-doctoral fellowship in the Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences at Indiana University. Her research interests include auditory-visual integration and talker variation in speech perception.