Chipless RFID Printing Technologies provides a comprehensive overview of advanced Chipless RFID communication, sensors, reader antennas, radar cross section and necessity of RFID printing technologies. The book describes sensing materials needed for Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) printing, focusing on the design of the passive printable resonators, and the signal processing approach used to eliminate the inaccuracy in detection at the receiver. It walks readers through the additive production approaches and suitable substrates for low-cost mass manufacturing of digital gadgets, consisting of RFID tags such as, wireless sensors, conductive tags and readers, touchpads for keyboards, nand show programs.
Packed with numerous sensing strategies utilized in chipless RFID systems, the book introduces recent developments in the printing techniques of chipless RFID and their performances in conjunction with many one of a kind advanced features that are critical for low price chipless RFID device implementations. Broad coverage is given to printable tags for Biomedical and wearable applications, advanced RFID printing technologies, and full technical details about chipless RFID technology not found in other contemporary texts.
The book presents a unique view of the challenges and future direction of research essential for researchers and research facilities to explore further research in chipless RFID. Readers will understand the core principles and classical applications of RFID technologies, making it an invaluable reference for engineers working on RF and microwave engineering. This is also a great resource for researchers currently working in the area, as well as graduate students looking to gain knowledge on Radio Frequency Identification.
Table of Contents:
1 Introduction
1.1 Tracking Technologies
1.2 Barcoding and RFID
1.3 Chipless RFID
1.4 Radar Cross Section Principle
1.5 Chipless RFID Printing Technology
1.6 Applications of RFID Technology
1.7 Chapter Overview
2 Literature Review
2.1 Introduction to the chipless RFID
2.2 Chipless RFID resonators
2.3 RFID sensor classifications
2.4 Resonators in Chipless RFID System Performance Improvement
2.5 Metamaterial Inspired Advanced Chipless RFID
2.6 Smart Materials
2.7 A Typical Frequency Domain Reader for Transponder Detection
2.8 Challenges and Scope for Further Research
2.9 Summary
3 Smart Materials for Chipless RFID printing
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Smart Materials
3.3 Classification of Smart Materials for RF Sensing
3.4 Temperature-Sensing Materials
3.5 Humidity Sensing Materials
3.6 pH Sensing Materials
3.7 Gas Sensing Materials
3.8 Strain and Crack Sensing Materials
3.9 Light Sensing Materials
3.10 Graphene
3.11 Summary
4 Characterization of Smart Materials for printing
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Characterization of sensing Materials
4.3 X-Ray Diffraction
4.4 Raman Scattering Spectroscopy
4.5 Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometer
4.6 Transmission Electron Microscopy
4.7 Scanning Electron Microscope
4.8 Atomic Force Microscopy
4.9 UV–Visible Spectrophotometers
4.10 Electrical Conductivity Measurement
4.11 Basic Microwave-Material Interaction Aspects
4.12 Analysis on Characterization of Smart Materials
4.13 Summary
5 Passive Printable Chipless RFID Tag for Biomedical Applications
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Design principle: Passive Resonator-based Tags
5.3 Geometry and designs
5.4 Experimental Assessment and Discussion
5.5 Current distribution patterns
5.6 Analysis of the Fabricated Prototypes
5.7 Comparison between Design 1 and Design 2
5.8 Chipless Tag Sensors for Non-Invasive Applications
5.9 Analysis of the Fabricated Prototype
6 Passive Printable Chipless RFID Tag for Body Area Network
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Modified Spiral Resonator-Based Chipless Sensor
6.3 Mathematical Formula of Spiral Resonator
6.4 Modified CSRR-based Chipless Resonator-1
6.5 Modified CSRR-Based Chipless Resonator-2
6.6 A High Bit Density Chipless RFID Tag using Modified Square Split Ring Resonators
6.7 Koch-Island Fractal-Based Tag
6.8 Summary
7 Resonators in Printing technologies and Signal Processing Techniques
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Comparison of chipped and chipless sensors
7.3 Categories of chipless sensors
7.4 Applications of chipless sensors
7.5 Convolutional Codes
7.6 Noise reduction algorithms
7.7 Adaptive Control Algorithm
7.8 Least Mean Square Algorithm [LMS]
7.9 Filtered-x Least Mean Square Algorithm [F-x LMS]
7.10 Normalized Least Mean Square Algorithm [NLMS]
7.11 Leaky Least Mean Square Algorithm (LLMS)
7.12 The Exponentially Weighted Recursive Least Square Algorithm (RLS)
7.13 Filtered–u-Recursive Least Mean Square Algorithm [FuRLMS]:
7.14 Windowing Technique for Chipless RFID
7.15 Summary
8 Antennas for RFID Reader Applications and Printing Techniques for Chipless RFID Tags
8.1 Importance of Reader Antennas in RFID Reader System
8.2 A simple reader architecture
8.3 LP and CP Antennas
8.4 Fractal Antennas
8.5 Reder antennas for Biomedical applications
8.6 Antenna Arrays
8.7 Limitations in RFID Applications
8.8 Chipless RFID Tag Printing and Various Parametric Effects on Printing
8.9 Errors in Printing Vertical (V) and Horizontal (H) edges
8.10 Summary
References
9 Challenges and Future Research Directions
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Implementational challenges
9.3 Future research
9.4 Limitations
References
10 CONCLUSION
