X-Ray Diffraction: Structure, Principles & Applications

An important milestone in the history of science, the diffraction of X-rays, was observed by Max von Laue in 1912. In the last 100 years, X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies have revealed highly valuable information about many ordered atomic structures seen in a variety of common materials. The understanding of material structures opened the door to the reliable application of these materials and allowed scientific discussions about material properties and structural features to become possible. Besides playing this crucial role in history, XRD has now also successfully transformed itself into a method in the forefront of extending much of our knowledge boundaries. Written by more than 30 X-ray diffraction experts from 9 countries/regions, this book consists of 11 chapters examining the development of the XRD technique and demonstrating various new opportunities for its application. Each chapter discusses timely and important subjects surrounding the XRD technique, including the past and future of the single-crystal XRD technique and new explorations with co-ordination polymers; the very successful implementation of Rietveld refinement analysis for alloys, intermetallics, cements, and ceramics; the application of XRD in nanoparticles structure study; the methodological developments in quantifying the state of residual stress in materials; and the state-of-the-art progress in combining XRD principles with electron crystallography for structure determination.

Table of Contents:
Preface; Development & Application of X-Ray Diffraction Technique for Single Crystal; Structure Characterization of Coordination Polymers by X-Ray Diffraction Data; X-Ray Diffraction Analysis of Magnetic Shape Memory Alloys; Crystal Structures of New Rare Earth Intermetallic Compounds; Application of Quantitative X-Ray Diffraction in Geoenvironmental Problems: Overview & Case Studies; Quantitative X-Ray Diffraction for Revealing the Thermal Incorporation Behavior of Lead; X-Ray Analysis of Metal Oxide-Metal Core-Shell Nanoparticles; Characterization of Materials Obtained by an Innovative Integrated Synthesis Method Aimed to the Hydrogen Technology; Depth Resolved Measurement of the 3D Residual Stress State in Surface Engineered Aluminium by Synchrotron Diffraction; In-situ Nanofocused X-Ray Diffraction Combined with Scanning Probe Microscopy; Structure Solution Combining X-Ray & Electron Crystallography; Index.