X Lib Programming Manual Vol 1

Covering X11 Release 5, the Xlib Programming Manual is a complete guide to programming the X library (Xlib), the lowest level of programming interface to X. It includes introductions to internationalization, device-independent color, font service, and scalable fonts. Includes chapters on: X Window System concepts A simple client application Window attributes The graphics context Graphics in practice Color Events Interclient communication Internationalization The Resource Manager A complete client application Window management Other programming techniques This manual is a companion to Volume 2, Xlib Reference Manual.

Table of Contents:
Preface About This Manual Summary of Contents How to Use This Manual Getting the Example Programs FTP FTPMAIL BITFTP UUCP Compiling the Example Programs Assumptions Font Conventions Used in This Manual Related Documents Requests for Comments Bulk Sales Information Acknowledgements Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Versions of X 1.2 X Window System Concepts 1.2.1 Displays and Screens 1.2.2 The Server-Client Model 1.2.3 Window Management 1.2.4 Events 1.2.5 Extensions to X 1.3 X Window System Software Architecture 1.4 Overview of Xlib Chapter 2 X Concepts 2.1 How Xlib Works 2.1.1 The X Protocol 2.1.2 Buffering 2.1.3 Resources 2.1.4 Properties and Atoms 2.1.5 The Window Manager 2.2 What are X Windows? 2.2.1 Window Characteristics 2.2.2 Window Hierarchy 2.2.3 Window Stacking Order 2.2.4 Mapping and Visibility 2.3 Introduction to X Graphics 2.3.1 Pixels and Colours 2.3.2 Pixels and Planes 2.3.3 Pixmaps and Drawables 2.3.4 Drawing and the Graphics Context 2.3.5 Tiles and Stipples 2.4 More on Window Characteristics 2.4.1 Window Attributes 2.4.2 Window Configuration 2.4.3 Class: InputOutput and InputOnly Windows 2.4.4 Depth and Visual 2.4.5 Icons 2.4.6 Special Characteristics of the Root Window 2.5 Introduction to Events 2.5.1 What is an Event? 2.5.2 Selection and Propagation of Events 2.5.3 The Event Queue 2.5.4 An Event Structure 2.5.5 The Event Loop 2.6 How to Program with Xlib 2.6.1 Designing an X application 2.6.1.1 Design Requirements 2.6.1.2 The User Interface 2.6.2 Writing an X Application 2.6.2.1 Resources and User Customizability 2.6.2.2 Compiling and Linking X Programs 2.6.2.3 Naming Conventions 2.6.2.4 Using Structures, Symbols, and Masks 2.6.2.5 Performance Optimizing 2.6.2.6 ANSI-C and POSIX Portability 2.6.3 Debugging an X Application 2.6.3.1 Errors 2.6.3.2 The XErrorEvent Structure 2.6.3.3 Synchronizing Errors 2.6.3.4 Software Interrupts Chapter 3 Basic Window Program 3.1 Running the Program 3.2 The Main of basicwin 3.2.1 Include Files and Declarations 3.2.2 Connecting to a Server 3.2.3 Display Macros 3.2.4 Getting Window Information 3.2.5 Creating Windows 3.2.6 Color Strategy 3.2.7 Preparing an Icon Pixmap 3.2.8 Communicating with the Window Manager 3.2.9 Selecting Desired Event Types 3.2.10 Creating Server Resources 3.2.11 Window Mapping 3.2.12 Flushing the Output Buffer 3.2.13 Setting Up an Event-gathering Loop 3.2.13.1 Repainting the Window 3.2.14 When Can I Draw? 3.2.15 When Will My Drawing Appear? 3.2.16 Handling Resizing of the Window 3.2.17 Exiting the Program 3.2.18 Error Handling 3.2.19 Summary 3.2.20 Complete Code for basicwin Chapter 4 Window Attributes 4.1 Setting Window Attributes 4.2 The Window Attribute Structures 4.3 Settable Attributes 4.3.1 The Window Background 4.3.1.1 background_pixmap 4.3.1.2 background_pixel 4.3.2 The Window Border 4.3.2.1 border_pixmap 4.3.2.2 border_pixel 4.3.3 Bit Gravity 4.3.4 Window Gravity 4.3.5 Backing Store 4.3.6 Saving Under 4.3.7 Event Handling 4.3.8 Substructure Redirect Override 4.3.9 Colormap 4

About the Author :
Adrian Nye is a developmental editor at O'Reilly & Associates. The author or editor of several volumes in the X Window System series from O'Reilly & Associates, he specializes in X programming. Adrian has worked as a programmer writing educational software in C and as a mechanical engineer designing offshore oil spill cleanup equipment. He has interests in the environment and the impact of people and technology. He graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1984 with a B.S. in mechanical engineering.