Intent to Destroy

Written with "erudition and verve" (Timothy Snyder, New York Times-bestselling author of On Tyranny), this is the full story of how and why Russia has tried to violently subjugate Ukraine across the centuries, and how Ukrainians have resisted Russia's brutal invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 shocked the world. And yet, to Ukrainians, this attack was painfully familiar, the latest episode in a centuries-long Russian campaign to divide and oppress Ukraine. In Intent to Destroy, political scientist Eugene Finkel uncovers these deep roots of the Russo-Ukrainian War. Ukraine is a key borderland between Russia and the West, and, following the rise of Russian nationalism in the nineteenth century, dominating Ukraine became the cornerstone of Russian policy. Russia has long used genocidal tactics--killings, deportations, starvation, and cultural destruction--to successfully crush Ukrainian efforts to chart an independent path. As Finkel shows, today's violence is simply a more extreme version of the Kremlin's long-standing policy. But unlike in the past, the people of Ukraine--motivated by the rise of democracy in their nation--have overcome their deep internal divisions. For the first time, they have united in favor of independence from Russia. Whatever the outcome of the present war, Ukraine's staunch resistance has permanently altered its relationship to Russia and the West. Intent to Destroy offers the vital context we need to truly understand Europe's bloodiest conflict since World War II.

About the Author :
Eugene Finkel is Kenneth H. Keller Professor of International Affairs at the Johns Hopkins University School of Advanced International Studies. The author or coauthor of three previous books, his writing has appeared in the Washington Post, Los Angeles Times, and Foreign Affairs. He was born in Lviv, Ukraine, and lives in Bologna, Italy.

Review :
"A nuanced and highly readable account of the complex history of Ukraine from medieval times to the ongoing Russian invasion."--Foreign Affairs "Finkel's book is a well-written, accessible account of the Moscow-Kyiv dynamic, as well as a good general history of the region. He is as perceptive on Ukraine's future as he is on its past, making a strong case for Kyiv's NATO membership."--Telegraph "This description of Russia's 'two-hundred-year quest to dominate Ukraine' is told using many personal stories, including [Finkel's] grandfather's. It's these accounts which lift this beautifully written history from the factual to the fascinating."--Tortoise Media "Solid history, a retracing of the relationship between Russia and Ukraine from medieval times through the present day...[Finkel is] a good storyteller, mixing large sweeps with close-up detail and a few emblematic anecdotes...the book makes a powerful, important case that should be required reading for Americans."--Washington Monthly "An unprovoked invasion, a forced-adoption program, massacres of civilians, the upending of truth, a jagged Z symbol deployed to signal loyalty to a repressive regime--the parallels between present and past in Russia's war on Ukraine are breathtaking. A work of deep expertise and sober sensitivity, Intent to Destroy connects these threads and details the repeated waves of devastation that have resulted from Russia's long-term obsession with eradicating Ukraine's separate identity."--Charles King, New York Times-bestselling author of Gods of the Upper Air "Finkel tells a story of violence, identity, and the final stages of empire in Europe--the story of Ukraine. Starting with attempts by imperial Russia in the nineteenth century to destroy Ukrainian identity, Intent to Destroy stretches through Stalin's genocidal famine in the 1930s to Putin's invasion today. However, as Finkel shows, Ukrainian identity, even in military or political defeat, survived until the collapse of the Soviet Union; since then, and especially since 2014, it has evolved into something powerful and enduring. This is a book that can help explain the most important war and geopolitical crisis in Europe today, and which does so with clarity, learning, and sensitivity. Anyone interested in understanding what is happening in Ukraine should read it."--Phillips Payson O'Brien, author of The Strategists "Finkel's Intent to Destroy spans several centuries, delving into some of the most heinous atrocities perpetrated by the Kremlin on Ukrainian lands. Despite the extensive scope, the text is rich in nuanced analysis, being equally valuable for scholars and accessible to readers unfamiliar with the region. What stands out most is Finkel's approach: Rather than striving for unattainable objectivity, he bravely acknowledges his deep investment in producing responsible scholarship that is guided by honesty."--Olesya Khromeychuk, director, Ukrainian Institute London "Russia's attack on Ukraine in 2022 surprised many of us. But it shouldn't have. Finkel's masterful account of centuries of Russian designs on Ukraine spells out why Moscow won't leave Kyiv alone, and what defenders of Ukraine should do about it. A must-read account of the most important foreign-policy question of our age."--Ben Ansell, author of Why Politics Fails "The ongoing war between Russia and Ukraine is the culmination of centuries of painful interactions involving a punctuated but progressive rise of Ukrainian national consciousness and a concomitant rise of fear in a Russia threatened by an independent Ukrainian nation. Finkel provides an accessible, nuanced, and dynamically presented historical background to the conflict, highlighting Russia's imperial drive, and juxtaposing the historical places two nations find themselves in today."--Gulnaz Sharafutdinova, director of Russia Institute, King's College London "This is a highly readable yet most rigorous account of how Russia has--for generations--tried to subjugate, repress, control, and destroy the Ukrainian nation and the Ukrainian state. Finkel, a master of empirical detail and with immense comparative knowledge, makes plainly evident why what Ukrainians understand to be their core civic duty and identity is so frightening and despised by Russia, and tragically, why it must be, in Russia's view, destroyed."--Olga Onuch, coauthor of The Zelensky Effect "Vladimir Putin claims that Russians and Ukrainians are one and the same people, but as Finkel convincingly argues in his new book, the relationship between the two nations has been anything but brotherly, with Russians doing their best to dominate and recently destroy Ukraine. A powerful antidote to those who claim that NATO is the main culprit responsible for the current war."--Serhii Plokhy, author of The Russo-Ukrainian War "A book that does good service in deepening our understanding of what lies behind the headlines."--Kirkus "A masterpiece. This is a must-read to understand Russia's mission to destroy Ukraine over hundreds of years--and the heroic resistance against it. Utterly essential if you want to know what's at stake in the greatest war in Europe since WWII."--Peter Pomerantsev, author of Nothing Is True and Everything Is Possible "As Mark Twain said, history does not repeat but it often rhymes--and it is certainly doing that in Ukraine today. Ukraine's problem is that Russia has not only tried and mostly succeeded in dominating it for two hundred years, but that as a consequence its own distinct history and narratives have been eclipsed, especially for foreigners. Today, then, it is more vital than ever that we understand the roots of this war. Eugene Finkel has written a superb and above all readable guide for the perplexed. The current conflict did not begin in 2022, nor in 2014, nor at independence in 1991, and Finkel has done a masterful job in giving us a clear understanding of what we need to know. However, what makes his work especially valuable is that he does not shy away from tackling head-on difficult and controversial historical topics that many will find uncomfortable. He has done what needs to be done."--Tim Judah, author of In Wartime: Stories from Ukraine "Eugene Finkel, who correctly called Russia's war against Ukraine 'genocidal, ' makes the case here with erudition and verve. Those who want Russian perspectives on the war will find the relevant ones here."--Timothy Snyder, New York Times-bestselling author of On Tyranny "A powerful indictment of Russia's centuries-long obsession with eliminating the Ukrainian identity, language, and people."--Yaroslav Trofimov, author of Our Enemies Will Vanish