The Environmental Case: Translating Values Into Policy

Answers to environmental issues are not black and white. Debates around policy are often among those with fundamentally different values, and the way that problems and solutions are defined plays a central role in shaping how those values are translated into policy. The Environmental Case captures the real-world complexity of creating environmental policy, and this much-anticipated Fifth Edition contains fifteen carefully constructed cases. Through her analysis, Sara Rinfret continues the work of Judith Layzer and explores the background, players, contributing factors, and outcomes of each case, and gives readers insight into some of the most interesting and controversial issues in U.S. environmental policymaking.

Table of Contents:
Preface Acknowledgments About the Authors CHAPTER 1 • A Policymaking Framework: Defining Problems and Portraying Solutions in U.S. Environmental Politics Two Critical Features of U.S. Environmental Policymaking Major Actors in Environmental Policymaking The Environmental Policymaking Process Case Selection Getting the Most Out of the Cases Notes PART I • REGULATING POLLUTERS CHAPTER 2 • The Nation Tackles Air and Water Pollution: The Environmental Protection Agency and the Clean Air and Clean Water Acts Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 3 • Love Canal: Hazardous Waste and the Politics of Fear Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 4 • Ecosystem-Based Management in the Chesapeake Bay Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 5 • Market-Based Solutions: Acid Rain and the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1990 Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes PART II • HISTORY, CHANGING VALUES, AND NATURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT CHAPTER 6 • Oil Versus Wilderness in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge Background The Case Obama Legacy Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 7 • Federal Grazing Policy: Some Things Never Change Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 8 • Jobs Versus the Environment: Saving the Northern Spotted Owl Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 9 • Playground or Paradise? Snowmobiles in Yellowstone National Park Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 10 • Crisis and Recovery in the New England Fisheries Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 11 • The Deepwater Horizon Disaster: The High Cost of Offshore Oil Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes PART III • NEW ISSUES, NEW POLITICS CHAPTER 12 • Climate Change: The Crisis of Our Time Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 13 • Cape Wind: If Not Here, Where? If Not Now, When? Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 14 • Fracking Wars: Local and State Responses to Unconventional Shale Gas Development Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 15 • Making Trade-Offs: Urban Sprawl and the Evolving System of Growth Management in Portland, Oregon Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 16 • Post-Katrina: Lessons From a Disaster Background The Case Outcomes Conclusions Questions to Consider Notes CHAPTER 17 • Conclusions: Politics, Values, and Environmental Policy Change The Strength of the Status Quo Legislative Policy Change Administrative Policy Change Acknowledging the Role of Values Notes Index

About the Author :
Judith A. Layzer was professor of environmental policy in the Department of Urban Studies and Planning at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) until her death in 2015. She earned a Ph.D. in political science at MIT. After four years at Middlebury College in Vermont she returned to MIT, where she taught courses in science and politics in environmental policymaking, ecosystem-based management, food systems and the environment, urban sustainability, energy and environmental politics, and public policy. Layzer's research focused on several aspects of U.S. environmental politics, including the roles of science, values, and storytelling in environmental politics, as well as on the effectiveness of different approaches to environmental planning and management. A recent project asked: Do urban sustainability initiatives significantly reduce cities' ecological footprints? And which aspects of "green cities" are most effective at reducing cities' environmental impacts? In addition to The Environmental Case, Layzer was the author of Natural Experiments: Ecosystem-Based Management and the Environment (2008) and Open for Business: Conservatives' Opposition to Environmental Regulation (2012). Layzer was an athlete as well as a scholar. In addition to having finished five Boston marathons, she shared nine national championship titles and one world championship trophy with her teammates on Lady Godiva, formerly Boston's premier women's Ultimate Frisbee team. Judith A. Layzer 1961-2015 Sara Rinfret is an associate professor of political science at the University of Montana, Missoula, where she teaches courses at the undergraduate and graduate level on regulatory policy, environmental policy, state and local government, public policy, public administration, and American politics. She is the director of the Master of Public Administration Program and codirects the Social Science Research Laboratory. Her main area of research is environmental regulations. More specifically, she is interested in the interactions between agencies and interest groups during the stages of environmental rulemaking at the federal and state level. To date, her work has been published in Society and Natural Resources, Environmental Politics, Review of Policy Research, Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, PS: Political Science and Politics, Public Administration Quarterly, and the Oxford Handbook of U.S. Environmental Policy. She has coauthored The Lilliputians of Environmental Regulation: The Perspective of State Regulators, and U.S. Environmental Policy: A Practical Approach to Understanding Implementation (cowritten with Michelle Pautz). She is a Fulbright Specialist Program Scholar in public administration and has studied with the University of Aarhus (Denmark) in 2016.