Lubrication Fundamentals, Third Edition, Revised and Expanded

Careful selection of the right lubricant(s) is required to keep a machine running smoothly. Lubrication Fundamentals, Third Edition, Revised and Expanded describes the need and design for the many specialized oils and greases used to lubricate machine elements and builds on the tribology and lubrication basics discussed in previous editions. Utilizing knowledge from leading experts in the field, the third edition covers new lubrication requirements, crude oil composition and selection, base stock manufacture, lubricant formulation and evaluation, machinery and lubrication fundamentals, and environmental stewardship. The book combines lubrication theory with practical knowledge, and provides many useful illustrations to highlight key industrial, commercial, marine, aviation, and automotive lubricant applications and concepts. All previous edition chapters have been updated to include new technologies, applications, and specifications that have been introduced in the past 15 years. What’s New in the Third Edition: Adds three new chapters on the growing renewable energy application of wind turbines, the impact of lubricants on energy efficiency, and best practice guidelines on establishing an in-service lubricant analysis program Updates API, SAE, and ACEA engine oil specifications, descriptions of new engine oil tests, impact of engine and fuel technology trends on engine oil Includes the latest environmental lubricant tests, definitions, and labelling programs Compiles expert information from ExxonMobil publications and the foremost international equipment builders and industry associations Covers key influences impacting lubricant formulations and technology Offers data on global energy demand and interesting statistics such as the worldwide population of nuclear reactors, wind turbines, and output of hydraulic turbines Presents new sections on the history of synthetic lubricants and hazardous chemical labeling for lubricants Whether used as a training guide for industry novices, a textbook for students to understand lubrication principles, or a technical reference for experienced lubrication and tribology professionals, Lubrication Fundamentals, Third Edition, Revised and Expanded is a "must read" for maintenance professionals, lubricant formulators and marketers, chemists, and lubrication, surface, chemical, mechanical, and automotive engineers.

Table of Contents:
Introduction Premodern History of Petroleum Petroleum in North America Development of Lubricants History of Synthetic Lubricants Future Prospects Bibliography Lubricant Base Stock Production and Application Lubricant Base Stocks and Their Application Role of Crude Oil in the Manufacture of Base Stock Refinery Processing—Separation versus Conversion Conventional Solvent Processing Conversion Processing Base Stock Composition Bibliography Lubricating Oils Additives Physical and Chemical Characteristics Evaluation and Performance Tests Engine Tests for Oil Performance Automotive Gear Lubricants ATFs Bibliography Lubricating Greases Why Greases Are Used Composition of Grease Manufacture of Grease Grease Characteristics Evaluation and Performance Tests Bibliography Synthetic Lubricants SHFs Organic Esters Polyglycols Phosphate Esters Bibliography Environmental Lubricants Environmental Considerations Definitions and Test Procedures Environmental Criteria Environmental Characteristics of Various Base Stocks Product Availability and Performance Product Selection Process Converting to EALs Bibliography Hydraulics Basic Principles System Components Controlling Pressure and Flow Actuators Oil Reservoirs Oil Qualities Required by Hydraulic Systems Hydraulic Fluid Types Hydraulic System Maintenance Bibliography Lubricating Films and Machine Elements: Bearings, Slides, Guides, Ways, Gears, Cylinders, Couplings, Chains, Wire Ropes Types of Lubricating Films Plain Bearings Rolling Element Bearings Slides, Guides, and Ways Linear Motion Guides Gears Lubricant Characteristics for Enclosed Gears Lubrication of Open Gears Cylinders Flexible Couplings Drive Chains Wire Ropes Bibliography Application of Lubricants All-Loss Methods Reuse Methods Other Reuse Methods Centralized Application Systems Bibliography Internal Combustion Engines Design and Construction Considerations Fuel and Combustion Considerations Operating Considerations Maintenance Considerations Engine Oil Characteristics Oil Recommendations by Application Bibliography Automotive Transmissions and Drive Trains Clutches Transmissions Drive Shafts and Universal Joints Transaxles Other Gear Cases Automotive Gear Lubricants Torque Converter and ATFs Multipurpose Tractor Fluids Bibliography Automotive Chassis Components Suspension and Steering Linkages Steering Gear Wheel Bearings Brake Systems Medium- and Heavy-Duty Truck Chassis Bibliography Stationary Gas Turbines Principles of Gas Turbines Jet Engines for Industrial and Marine Propulsion Use Gas Turbine Applications Lubrication of Gas Turbines Bibliography Steam Turbines Steam Turbine Operation Turbine Control Systems Lubricated Components Bibliography Hydraulic Turbines Turbine Types Lubricated Parts Lubricant Recommendations Bibliography Wind Turbines Wind Turbine Overview General Considerations for Wind Turbine Lubrication Bibliography Nuclear Power Generation Reactor Types Radiation Effects on Petroleum Products Lubrication Recommendations Bibliography Compressors Reciprocating Air and Gas Compressors Rotary Compressors Dynamic Compressors Refrigeration and Air Conditioning Compressors Bibliography Lubricant Contribution to Energy Efficiency Friction Loss Mechanisms Hydrodynamic Fluid Films Friction Losses in Hydraulic Systems Vehicle and Internal Combustion Engine Efficiency Bibliography Handling, Storing, and Dispensing Lubricants Hazardous Chemical Labeling for Lubricants Handling Storing Dispensing Bibliography Practices for Lubricant Conservation and Machinery Reliability Overview of In-Plant Lubricant Handling Product Selection In-Service Handling In-Service Lubricant Purification Reclamation of Lubricating Oils Reclamation Units (Oil Conditioners) Waste Oil Collection and Routing Equipment Commissioning and Flushing Final Disposal Bibliography In-Service Lubricant Analysis Establishing an In-Service Lubricant Analysis Program Used Oil Analysis Program Startup Recommendations In-Service Lubricant Analysis Testing Interpretation of Used Oil Analysis Results

About the Author :
Don M. Pirro is the global alliance technical manager at ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Paulsboro, New Jersey. He started his career in 1978 as a test engineer for Ingersoll Rand’s Turbo Compressor Division. He has more than 36 years of lubrication experience with ExxonMobil in various technical positions. He is the author or contributing editor of several scholarly articles on synthetic lubes, environmental awareness applications, grease technology, lubricant interchangeability, used oil analysis, and marine lubricants. He graduated from Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey, with degrees in mechanical engineering and business administration. Ekkehard Daschner is the industrial lubricant section head and greases technology program lead at ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Paulsboro, New Jersey. Daschner earned his mechanical engineering degree in Germany and started his career in an aluminum company. In 1982, he joined the Mobil Oil AG R&D laboratory in Germany supporting product development projects. After holding various positions in technical support, he was appointed Area Sales Director and Brand Manager in Germany and the European headquarters in London and Brussels, and later served as European and later as Global Industrial and Marine Equipment Builder Services Manager. Martin Webster is a senior research associate at ExxonMobil Research and Engineering, Annandale, New Jersey. He earned his BS and MS in aeronautical engineering and his PhD in tribology from Imperial College, London, UK. In 1986, he was awarded the Bronze Medal in tribology from the Institute of Mechanical Engineers in the UK. After spending four years working in the UK, he joined ExxonMobil in 1989. At ExxonMobil, Martin has held various positions in research and product development and is currently involved in the study of fundamental lubrication mechanisms at the company’s Corporate Strategic Research Laboratory.

Review :
"… a key foundation reference which any serious practitioner in our field should have—and read... it could easily fit into the course materials used in some of the new undergraduate programs arising in our universities." —Robert M. Gresham, Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers "This book is of great value for those working in industries where effective lubrication is a key factor for obtaining solutions with a high reliability. The book gives an excellent description of the lubrication mechanisms and the impact of lubricant selection on performance. The authors have done a great job in compiling lubrication knowledge of so many applications in a single book." —Piet M. Lugt, SKF Engineering and Research Centre, University of Twente, The Netherlands "…an intensely practical and thorough reference resource, both for those involved in the practical side of lubricants and lubrication such as designers, lubricant salespersons and service engineers, and also for researchers who should know more about lubricants and lubricated machines. I heartily recommend it." —Tribology Letters, June 2016