Solid State Microbatteries: (217 NATO Science Series B:)

This Advanced Study Institute on the topic of SOLID STATE MICROBATTERIES is the third and final institute on the general theme of a field of study now termed "SOLID STATE IONICS". The institute was held in Erice, Sicily, Italy, 3 - 15 July 1988. The objective was to assemble in one location individuals from industry and academia expert in the fields of microelectronics and solid state ionics to determine the feasibility of merging a solid state microbattery with microelectronic memory. Solid electrolytes are in principle amenable to vapor deposition, RF or DC sputtering, and other techniques used to fabricate microelectronic components. A solid state microbattery 1 1 mated on the same chip carrier as the chip can provide on board memory backup power. A solid state microbattery assembled from properly selected anode/solid electrolyte/cathode materials could have environmental endurance properties equal or superior to semiconductor memory chips. Lectures covering microelectronics, present state-of-art solid state batteries, new solid electrolyte cathode materials, theoretical and practical techniques for fabrication of new solid electrolytes, and analytical techniques for study of solid electrolytes were covered. Several areas where effort is required for further understanding of materials in pure form and their interactions with other materials at interfacial contact points were identified. Cathode materials for solid state batteries is one particular research area which requires attention. Another is a microscopic model of conduction in vitreous solid electrolytes to enhance the thermodynamic macroscopic Weak lectrolyte Iheory (WET).

Table of Contents:
Overview of Aqueous and Nonaqueous Batteries and Semiconductors.- Thin Film Technology and Characterization: Their Use in Micro-Ionic Devices.- The Physical Formation Processes of Thin Films, Their Characterization by XPS, AES, and SIMS and Their Applications in Microbatteries.- Study and Characterization of Thin Films of Conductive Glasses with a View to Application in Micro-Ionics.- Chemistry, Physics and Applications of Polymeric Solid Electrolytes to Microbatteries.- The Use of EXAFS in the Study of Polymeric Electrolytes.- Amorphous Room Temperature Polymer Solid Electrolytes.- Designing a Solid Electrolyte I. Quality Criteria and Applications.- Designing a Solid Electrolyte II. Strategies and Illustrations.- Designing a Solid Electrolyte III. Proton Conduction and Composites.- Designing a Solid Electrolyte IV. Designing a Reversible Solid Electrode.- Technology and Physics of Thin Film Insertion Compounds.- Insertion Cathodes for Solid State Microbatteries.- Kinetics Studies of Lithium Insertion in In-Se Thin Films.- The Role of NiPS3 as a Cathode in Secondary Lithium Electrochemical Cells.- Theory and Applications of Amorphous Solid for Electrochemical Cells.- Silver Gallium Thiohypodiphosphate Glasses.- Modeling, Fabrication, and Development of Miniature Ion Sensors.- Solid State Batteries.- Rechargeable Solid State Cells.- The Composite Electrode Theory for Solid State Batteries — Attempted Experimental Verification.- Materials for Microbatteries.- Kinetic Aspects of Solid State Micro-Ionic Devices.- Thin Film Solid State Ionic Gas Sensors.- Solid State Electrochemical In-Situ Techniques for the Evaluation of Microbatteries.- A Warning for the Wagner Polarization Cell.- Microbattery Opportunities in Military Electronics.- Participants.