The SAGE Encyclopedia of Terrorism, Second Edition

Six years after publication of the first edition of the best-selling Encyclopedia of Terrorism, much has changed on the national security scene. Despite the dark promises of Osama bin Laden following the 9/11 attacks, the United States has not experienced any major domestic terror incidents. Al-Qaeda itself is believed to be a severely crippled organization. But while U.S. wars in Afghanistan and Iraq--not to mention the arrival of the Obama administration, a new balance of power within Congress, and an increasingly fragile economic picture--have significantly affected the national security picture, the threat of economic chaos and massive loss of life due to terror attacks has not abated. Indeed, in July 2008 analysts pointed out that even a relatively small terrorist organization could present a dire threat, with some experts arguing that a biological, chemical, or even nuclear attack on a major U.S. city is all but inevitable. In this highly charged, rapidly shifting environment, we are pleased to present the The SAGE Encyclopedia of Terrorism, Second Edition, a thoroughly updated and expanded edition of the original, highly regarded reference work. Nearly 100,000 words of new material will be added, along with fully updated original entries, and expanded coverage. New introductory essays will explore the impact of terrorism on economics, public health, religion, and even pop culture. Ethical issues such as the role of torture in interrogations, competing notions of security versus liberty, and the debates over FISA legislation and Guantanamo Bay will also be covered. Two dozen entries on significant recent events—such as the London bombings, Chechen attacks on Russian interests, and the rescue of Ingrid Bettancourt—and some 60 additional new entries will restore the work as an up-to-the-minute, natural first-stop for researchers.

Table of Contents:
Forensics and Terrorism - Yossi Almog, Jay Levinson Intifada - Bader Araj, Robert J. Brym International Relations and Terrorism - Hall Gardner Economics and Terrorism - Tahmina Hadjer, Gerald Schneider Training of Terrorists - Brian Jackson Kneecapping - Brenda Lutz, James Lutz Guildfor Four - Brenda Lutz, James Lutz Homeland Security, Office of - Kenneth J. Ryan Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act - Kenneth J. Ryan Organization of Al Qaeda in the Islamic Mahgreb - Hamoud Salhi Al Shabab - Hamoud Salhi Al-Masri, Abu Ayyub - Hamoud Salhi Intelligence Gathering - Harold Scott San Diego Daniel Andreas - Brent Smith Chechen Incidents - Aglaya Snetkov Death Squads - Mark Ungar Lindh, John Walker - Lorenzo Vidino Padilla, Jose - Lorenzo Vidino Bloody Sunday - Kris Brown Decommissioning Process - Kris Brown Lord′s Resistance Army - Ikaweba Bunting Iraq War - Brian Burton Religious and Spiritual Perspectives - David B. Cook London Underground Bombings - Stuart Croft New Terrorism - Steven Emerson Gender-Based Terrorism - Kathryn Farr Guantanamo Bay - David Glazier Khmer Rouge - Dipak Gupta Communist Party of Nepal-Maoists - Dipak Gupta Afghan Arabs - Mohammed Hafez Al-Qaeda in Iraq - Mohammed Hafez Al-Zarqawi, Abu Musab - Mohammed Hafez Ansar al-Islam - Mohammed Hafez Chlorine Bombings, Iraq - Mohammed Hafez Tupamaros - Jennifer Holmes Afghanistan War - Najib Lafraie Ethnic Cleansing - Benjamin Lieberman Bashir, Abu Bakar - Samuel M. Makinda Bali Nightclub Bombing - Samuel M. Makinda Insurance and Terrorism - Erwann Michel-Kerjan Criminal Prosecutions of Terrorists - Harvey Morley Long, William Andrew, Murder of - Marie Palladini Black September - Rafael Reuveny 9/11 Commission - Bruce Riedel Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives - Ann Robertson Federal Bureau of Investigation - Ann Robertson Central Intelligence Agency - Ann Robertson Justice Department, US National Security Agency - Ann Robertson National Security Council - Ann Robertson Mossad - Ann Robertson Special Air Service Regiment - Ann Robertson Special Operations Wing - Ann Robertson THREATCON Levels - Ann Robertson United Nations - Ann Robertson Gadahn Adam Yahiye - Michael Ronczkowski Interrogation Techniques - Kenneth J. Ryan Rendition, Extraordinary - Kenneth J. Ryan Torture Debate - Kenneth J. Ryan Popular Culture, Terrorism in - Olga Semukhina Mumbai 2008 Attacks - Mary Sisson Tehrik-i-Taliban Pakistan - Mary Sisson Phineas Priesthood - Kenneth Stern Airport Security - Joseph Szyliowicz Women Terrorists - Rhiannon Talbot-English Madrid Bombings - Anna Lisa Tota Law and Terrorism - Clive Walker Zetas, Los - Phil Williams Fourteen Words, The - Leonard Zeskind Christian Identity - Leonard Zeskind Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion - Leonard Zeskind Racial Holy War - Leonard Zeskind White Aryan Resistance (WAR) - Leonard Zeskind Awda Al Aziz - Harvey Morley

About the Author :
Clarence Augustus “Gus” Martin is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Criminal Justice Administration at California State University, Dominguez Hills, where he teaches courses on criminal law, terrorism and extremism, and the criminal justice system. He served as the founding Chair of the department and as the founding Director of the School of Public Service and Justice. He also served as Associate Vice President for Human Resources Management, Acting Associate Dean of the College of Business Administration and Public Policy, Associate Vice President for Faculty Affairs, and Chair of the Department of Public Administration. He began his academic career as a member of the faculty of the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs, University of Pittsburgh, where he was an Administration of Justice professor. His current research and professional interests are terrorism and extremism, homeland security, and the administration of justice. Dr. Martin is author of several books on the subjects of terrorism and homeland security, including Understanding Terrorism: Challenges, Perspectives, and Issues (SAGE Publications, 2025); Terrorism and WMDs: Awareness and Response, Third Edition (with John Pichtel, CRC Press, 2025); Understanding Homeland Security (SAGE Publications, 2024); The Handbook of Homeland Security (with Scott Romaniuk and Martin Scott Catino; Routledge, 2023); Essentials of Terrorism: Concepts and Controversies (SAGE Publications, 2022); Terrorism: An International Perspective (with Fynnwin Prager; SAGE Publications, 2019); The SAGE Encyclopedia of Terrorism, Second Edition (SAGE Publications, 2011); Terrorism and Homeland Security (SAGE, 2011); and The New Era of Terrorism: Selected Readings (SAGE Publications, 2004). He is also author of Juvenile Justice: Process and Systems (SAGE Publications, 2005). Prior to joining academia, Dr. Martin served as Managing Attorney for the Fair Housing Partnership of Greater Pittsburgh, where he was also director of a program created under a federal consent decree to desegregate public and assisted housing. He was also Special Counsel to the Attorney General of the U.S. Virgin Islands on the island of St. Thomas. As Special Counsel, he occupied a personal and confidential position in the central office of the Department of Justice; sat as hearing officer for disciplinary hearings and departmental grievances; served as chair of the Drug Policy Committee; served as liaison to the intergovernmental Law Enforcement Coordinating Committee as well as to the Narcotics Strike Force; and provided daily legal and policy advice to the Attorney General. Prior to serving as Special Counsel, he was a “floor” Legislative Assistant to Congressman Charles B. Rangel of New York. As Legislative Assistant, he researched, evaluated and drafted legislation in areas of foreign policy, foreign aid, human rights, housing, education, social services, and poverty; he also drafted House floor statements, Congressional Record inserts, press releases, and news articles; and he composed speeches, briefing materials, and legislative correspondence. Dr. Martin received his A.B. degree from Harvard College, J.D. from Duquesne University Thomas R. Kline School of Law, and Ph.D. from the Graduate School of Public and International Affairs at the University of Pittsburgh.